Table 6.

Time in therapeutic range achieved under different models of anticoagulation management and with different testing frequencies.

Study
Predominant Model of Management
% Time in Therapeutic Range*
% Above Range
% Below Range
Frequency of Monitoring§
Garabedian, 1985148   UC   64   —   —   —  
Gottlieb, 1994170  UC 50 30 20 q 25 days§ 
Holm, 1999171   UC   63   8   29   —  
Beyth, 1997162   UC   33   16   51   —  
Horstkotte, 1998143  UC 59 — — q 19 days§ 
Sawicki, 1999165   UC   34   16   50   —  
Palaretti, 1996115   ACC   68   6   26   q 15 days§ 
Cannegeiter, 1995104  ACC 61 8 31 q 18.9 days§ 
Lundstrom, 1989172   ACC   92   —   —   —  
Garabedian, 1985148   ACC   86   —   —   —  
White, 1989160   ACC   75   —   —   
Ansell, 1995163  ACC 68 10 22 q 16 days§ 
Conte, 1986145   ACC   59   12   29   —  
Seabrook, 1990146   ACC   86   7   7   once a month  
White, 1989160   PST   93   —   —   —  
Beyth, 1997162   PST   56   14   30   —  
Ansell, 1995163   PSM   89   5   6   q 13.8 days§ 
Horstkotte, 1998143  PSM 92 — — q 4 days§ 
Sawicki, 1999165   PSM   57   10   33   —  
AFASAK, 1989140   RCT   73   0.6   26   —  
BAATF, 1990138   RCT   83   9   8   q 3 weeks  
SPAF I, 1991173   RCT   71   5   23   at least once a month  
SPAF II, 1994174   RCT   74   5   21   at least once a month  
SPAF III, 1996   RCT   61   14   25   at least once a month  
SPINAF, 1992132   RCT   56   15   29   monthly  
CAFA, 1991139   RCT   44   16   40   q 3 weeks  
AFASAK II, 1999175   RCT   73   9   18   not > q 4 weeks  
EAFT, 1993105   RCT   59   9   32   q 5 weeks  
Hellemans, 1999176   RCT   48   24   28   q 2-6 weeks  
Hutten, 1999177   RCT   61   —   —   —  
Abbreviations: UC, usual care; ACC, anticoagulation clinic; PST, patient self-testing; PSM, patient self-management; RCT, randomized controlled trial  
Study
Predominant Model of Management
% Time in Therapeutic Range*
% Above Range
% Below Range
Frequency of Monitoring§
Garabedian, 1985148   UC   64   —   —   —  
Gottlieb, 1994170  UC 50 30 20 q 25 days§ 
Holm, 1999171   UC   63   8   29   —  
Beyth, 1997162   UC   33   16   51   —  
Horstkotte, 1998143  UC 59 — — q 19 days§ 
Sawicki, 1999165   UC   34   16   50   —  
Palaretti, 1996115   ACC   68   6   26   q 15 days§ 
Cannegeiter, 1995104  ACC 61 8 31 q 18.9 days§ 
Lundstrom, 1989172   ACC   92   —   —   —  
Garabedian, 1985148   ACC   86   —   —   —  
White, 1989160   ACC   75   —   —   
Ansell, 1995163  ACC 68 10 22 q 16 days§ 
Conte, 1986145   ACC   59   12   29   —  
Seabrook, 1990146   ACC   86   7   7   once a month  
White, 1989160   PST   93   —   —   —  
Beyth, 1997162   PST   56   14   30   —  
Ansell, 1995163   PSM   89   5   6   q 13.8 days§ 
Horstkotte, 1998143  PSM 92 — — q 4 days§ 
Sawicki, 1999165   PSM   57   10   33   —  
AFASAK, 1989140   RCT   73   0.6   26   —  
BAATF, 1990138   RCT   83   9   8   q 3 weeks  
SPAF I, 1991173   RCT   71   5   23   at least once a month  
SPAF II, 1994174   RCT   74   5   21   at least once a month  
SPAF III, 1996   RCT   61   14   25   at least once a month  
SPINAF, 1992132   RCT   56   15   29   monthly  
CAFA, 1991139   RCT   44   16   40   q 3 weeks  
AFASAK II, 1999175   RCT   73   9   18   not > q 4 weeks  
EAFT, 1993105   RCT   59   9   32   q 5 weeks  
Hellemans, 1999176   RCT   48   24   28   q 2-6 weeks  
Hutten, 1999177   RCT   61   —   —   —  
Abbreviations: UC, usual care; ACC, anticoagulation clinic; PST, patient self-testing; PSM, patient self-management; RCT, randomized controlled trial  
*

Time in range represents mean or median percent of PTs or days in range.

§

Those studies that documented the achieved frequency of monitoring as opposed to the stated goal for monitoring interval are in bold.

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