Restoration of thalidomide-induced vascular defect by S1P
Experimental condition . | Dorsal artery presence, % (no.) . | Dorsal artery absence, % (no.) . | No. embryos . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 100 (250) | 0 (0) | 250 |
| 800 μM thalidomide, 0.5 μM | 92 (225) | 8 (20) | 245 |
| S1P treatment | |||
| 800 μM thalidomide, 0.25 μM | 34 (73) | 56 (141) | 214 |
| S1P treatment | |||
| 800 μM thalidomide, 0.1 μM | 0 (211) | 100 (211) | 211 |
| S1P treatment |
Experimental condition . | Dorsal artery presence, % (no.) . | Dorsal artery absence, % (no.) . | No. embryos . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 100 (250) | 0 (0) | 250 |
| 800 μM thalidomide, 0.5 μM | 92 (225) | 8 (20) | 245 |
| S1P treatment | |||
| 800 μM thalidomide, 0.25 μM | 34 (73) | 56 (141) | 214 |
| S1P treatment | |||
| 800 μM thalidomide, 0.1 μM | 0 (211) | 100 (211) | 211 |
| S1P treatment |
Zebrafish embryos were pretreated with various concentrations of S1P for 1 hour before addition of 800 μM thalidomide at 75% epiboly stage (8 hpf), and then the defect of dorsal artery was determined by assessing the loss of blood flow under microscopy at the 48-hpf stage.