Table 2.

Levels of inflammatory markers according to sex and age group

Age, y
20-39
40-49
50-64
65-74
75-84
85 +
p*
n        
   Men   56   29   48   48   138   48   NA  
   Women   61   26   54   301   196   93   NA  
IL-6, pg/mL†        
   Men   0.6 (0.4-0.8)   0.9 (0.7-1.3)   1.1 (0.9-1.4)   1.4 (1.2-1.5)   1.8 (1.6-2.1)   3.5 (2.6-4.7)   < .0001  
   Women   0.6 (0.5-0.8)   0.8 (0.6-1.1)   0.8 (0.7-1.0)   1.1 (1.1-1.2)   1.5 (1.4-1.7)   2.1 (1.7-2.6)   < .0001  
sIL-6r, ng/mL†        
   Men   93 (79-108)   77 (61-97)   88 (73-105)   91 (85-97)   92 (85-99)   96 (82-111)   .42  
   Women   76 (67-87)   81 (65-101)   83 (70-97)   91 (84-95)   92 (86-97)   97 (88-106)   .003  
IL-1β, pg/mL†        
   Men   0.12 (0.10-0.15)   0.18 (0.13-0.36)   0.18 (0.12-0.20)   0.13 (0.12-0.15)   0.12 (0.10-0.14)   0.12 (0.10-0.14)   .26  
   Women   0.14 (0.12-0.18)   0.15 (0.11-0.19)   0.15 (0.11-0.18)   0.12 (0.11-0.14)   0.13 (0.12-0.16)   0.14 (0.11-0.17)   .64  
IL-1ra, pg/mL†        
   Men   112 (100-125)   143 (117-172)   137 (115-164)   133 (124-141)   135 (119-152)   154 (131-180)   < .05  
   Women   114 (96-135)   125 (97-158)   117 (100-137)   125 (117-134)   144 (133-154)   145 (130-160)   < .001  
TNF-α, pg/mL†        
   Men   4.8 (3.8-6.1)   4.0 (2.8-5.6)   6.2 (4.8-8.0)   4.6 (4.1-5.0)   4.4 (3.8-5.0)   5.1 (4.0-6.4)   .50  
   Women   4.8 (3.6-6.4)   3.8 (2.7-5.4)   5.0 (4.1-6.1)   4.4 (4.0-4.9)   4.6 (4.1-5.1)   5.1 (4.3-6.0)   .76  
IL-18, pg/mL†        
   Men   335 (303-369)   319 (285-356)   400 (358-447)   420 (403-436)   435 (411-459)   454 (417-493)   < .0001  
   Women   268 (245-292)   292 (253-336)   325 (300-352)   340 (325-353)   357 (340-373)   430 (392-470)   < .0001  
TGF-β, ng/mL        
   Men   14.7 (12.7-16.7)   10.2 (7.9-12.6)   12.4 (10.6-14.1)   11.9 (11.1-12.8)   11.2 (10.0-12.4)   13.9 (11.9-15.8)   .12  
   Women   12.6 (11.0-14.1)   12.1 (9.7-14.5)   11.7 (9.9-13.4)   11.2 (10.4-11.9)   13.0 (11.8-14.2)   12.3 (10.8-13.7)   .69  
CRP, g/L†        
   Men   1.0 (0.8-1.4)   1.9 (1.1-3.2)   1.8 (1.3-2.5)   2.6 (2.2-2.9)   3.1 (2.6-3.7)   5.4 (3.8-7.9)   < .0001  
   Women   1.1 (0.8-1.5)   1.1 (0.6-1.8)   2.3 (1.8-2.9)   2.5 (2.2-2.8)   3.0 (2.6-3.5)   3.3 (2.6-4.3)   < .0001  
Fibrinogen, mg/mL        
   Men   269 (254-284)   321 (290-352)   315 (296-333)   345 (335-354)   345 (331-357)   396 (372-419)   < .0001  
   Women
 		 317 (303-331)
 		 324 (302-345)
 		 352 (337-367)
 		 354 (346-361)
 		 370 (359-379)
 		 398 (381-415)
 		 < .0001
 
Age, y
20-39
40-49
50-64
65-74
75-84
85 +
p*
n        
   Men   56   29   48   48   138   48   NA  
   Women   61   26   54   301   196   93   NA  
IL-6, pg/mL†        
   Men   0.6 (0.4-0.8)   0.9 (0.7-1.3)   1.1 (0.9-1.4)   1.4 (1.2-1.5)   1.8 (1.6-2.1)   3.5 (2.6-4.7)   < .0001  
   Women   0.6 (0.5-0.8)   0.8 (0.6-1.1)   0.8 (0.7-1.0)   1.1 (1.1-1.2)   1.5 (1.4-1.7)   2.1 (1.7-2.6)   < .0001  
sIL-6r, ng/mL†        
   Men   93 (79-108)   77 (61-97)   88 (73-105)   91 (85-97)   92 (85-99)   96 (82-111)   .42  
   Women   76 (67-87)   81 (65-101)   83 (70-97)   91 (84-95)   92 (86-97)   97 (88-106)   .003  
IL-1β, pg/mL†        
   Men   0.12 (0.10-0.15)   0.18 (0.13-0.36)   0.18 (0.12-0.20)   0.13 (0.12-0.15)   0.12 (0.10-0.14)   0.12 (0.10-0.14)   .26  
   Women   0.14 (0.12-0.18)   0.15 (0.11-0.19)   0.15 (0.11-0.18)   0.12 (0.11-0.14)   0.13 (0.12-0.16)   0.14 (0.11-0.17)   .64  
IL-1ra, pg/mL†        
   Men   112 (100-125)   143 (117-172)   137 (115-164)   133 (124-141)   135 (119-152)   154 (131-180)   < .05  
   Women   114 (96-135)   125 (97-158)   117 (100-137)   125 (117-134)   144 (133-154)   145 (130-160)   < .001  
TNF-α, pg/mL†        
   Men   4.8 (3.8-6.1)   4.0 (2.8-5.6)   6.2 (4.8-8.0)   4.6 (4.1-5.0)   4.4 (3.8-5.0)   5.1 (4.0-6.4)   .50  
   Women   4.8 (3.6-6.4)   3.8 (2.7-5.4)   5.0 (4.1-6.1)   4.4 (4.0-4.9)   4.6 (4.1-5.1)   5.1 (4.3-6.0)   .76  
IL-18, pg/mL†        
   Men   335 (303-369)   319 (285-356)   400 (358-447)   420 (403-436)   435 (411-459)   454 (417-493)   < .0001  
   Women   268 (245-292)   292 (253-336)   325 (300-352)   340 (325-353)   357 (340-373)   430 (392-470)   < .0001  
TGF-β, ng/mL        
   Men   14.7 (12.7-16.7)   10.2 (7.9-12.6)   12.4 (10.6-14.1)   11.9 (11.1-12.8)   11.2 (10.0-12.4)   13.9 (11.9-15.8)   .12  
   Women   12.6 (11.0-14.1)   12.1 (9.7-14.5)   11.7 (9.9-13.4)   11.2 (10.4-11.9)   13.0 (11.8-14.2)   12.3 (10.8-13.7)   .69  
CRP, g/L†        
   Men   1.0 (0.8-1.4)   1.9 (1.1-3.2)   1.8 (1.3-2.5)   2.6 (2.2-2.9)   3.1 (2.6-3.7)   5.4 (3.8-7.9)   < .0001  
   Women   1.1 (0.8-1.5)   1.1 (0.6-1.8)   2.3 (1.8-2.9)   2.5 (2.2-2.8)   3.0 (2.6-3.5)   3.3 (2.6-4.3)   < .0001  
Fibrinogen, mg/mL        
   Men   269 (254-284)   321 (290-352)   315 (296-333)   345 (335-354)   345 (331-357)   396 (372-419)   < .0001  
   Women
 		 317 (303-331)
 		 324 (302-345)
 		 352 (337-367)
 		 354 (346-361)
 		 370 (359-379)
 		 398 (381-415)
 		 < .0001
 

Values are reported as means and 95% confidence intervals. NA indicates not applicable.

*

Tests for trend from general linear models

†

Means and 95% confidence intervals were calculated from log-transformed values that were then back-transformed for data presentation

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