Characteristics of participants by disease status
. | Prospective studies . | . | . | Case-control studies . | . | . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Controls* . | ICD . | VTE . | Controls . | IHD . | ICVD . | ||||
| No. | 7656 | 1374 | 208 | 7568 | 2125 | 836 | ||||
| Female, % | 58 | 43† | 46‡ | 58 | 28† | 36† | ||||
| Age, y | 44 ± 0.1 | 53 ± 0.2† | 52 ± 0.6† | 56 ± 0.2 | 61 ± 0.2† | 64 ± 0.3† | ||||
| Cholesterol level, mmol/L | 5.7 ± 0.01 | 6.4 ± 0.03† | 6.2 ± 0.08† | 6.1 ± 0.01 | 5.6 ± 0.03† | 6.3 ± 0.04† | ||||
| HDL cholesterol level, mmol/L | 1.3 ± 0.01 | 1.1 ± 0.01† | 1.2 ± 0.03† | 1.6 ± 0.01 | 1.2 ± 0.01† | 1.4 ± 0.02† | ||||
| Lipoprotein(a) level, mg/dL | 300 ± 4 | 362 ± 12† | 352 ± 30§ | 300 ± 4 | 597 ± 21† | 499 ± 35† | ||||
| Fibrinogen level, g/L | 3.0 ± 0.01 | 3.5 ± 0.03† | 3.3 ± 0.06† | 3.0 ± 0.01 | ND | 3.8 ± 0.1† | ||||
| Triglyceride level, mmol/L | 1.6 ± 0.02 | 2.1 ± 0.04† | 1.7 ± 0.08 | 1.8 ± 0.02 | 1.7 ± 0.04 | 2.0 ± 0.05§ | ||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.3 ± 0.04 | 25.8 ± 0.1† | 26.1 ± 0.03† | 25.4 ± 0.05 | ND | 25.2 ± 0.2 | ||||
| Smoking, % | 74 | 85† | 84‡ | 74 | 84† | 78§ | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 3 | 8† | 5§ | 3 | 10† | 14† | ||||
| Hypertension, % | 10 | 32† | 20† | 10 | 25† | 44† | ||||
| Factor V Leiden | ||||||||||
| Noncarrier, % | 92 | 93 | 80 | 92 | 91 | 93 | ||||
| Heterozygote, % | 8 | 7 | 18 | 8 | 9 | 7 | ||||
| Homozygote, % | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | ||||
. | Prospective studies . | . | . | Case-control studies . | . | . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | Controls* . | ICD . | VTE . | Controls . | IHD . | ICVD . | ||||
| No. | 7656 | 1374 | 208 | 7568 | 2125 | 836 | ||||
| Female, % | 58 | 43† | 46‡ | 58 | 28† | 36† | ||||
| Age, y | 44 ± 0.1 | 53 ± 0.2† | 52 ± 0.6† | 56 ± 0.2 | 61 ± 0.2† | 64 ± 0.3† | ||||
| Cholesterol level, mmol/L | 5.7 ± 0.01 | 6.4 ± 0.03† | 6.2 ± 0.08† | 6.1 ± 0.01 | 5.6 ± 0.03† | 6.3 ± 0.04† | ||||
| HDL cholesterol level, mmol/L | 1.3 ± 0.01 | 1.1 ± 0.01† | 1.2 ± 0.03† | 1.6 ± 0.01 | 1.2 ± 0.01† | 1.4 ± 0.02† | ||||
| Lipoprotein(a) level, mg/dL | 300 ± 4 | 362 ± 12† | 352 ± 30§ | 300 ± 4 | 597 ± 21† | 499 ± 35† | ||||
| Fibrinogen level, g/L | 3.0 ± 0.01 | 3.5 ± 0.03† | 3.3 ± 0.06† | 3.0 ± 0.01 | ND | 3.8 ± 0.1† | ||||
| Triglyceride level, mmol/L | 1.6 ± 0.02 | 2.1 ± 0.04† | 1.7 ± 0.08 | 1.8 ± 0.02 | 1.7 ± 0.04 | 2.0 ± 0.05§ | ||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.3 ± 0.04 | 25.8 ± 0.1† | 26.1 ± 0.03† | 25.4 ± 0.05 | ND | 25.2 ± 0.2 | ||||
| Smoking, % | 74 | 85† | 84‡ | 74 | 84† | 78§ | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 3 | 8† | 5§ | 3 | 10† | 14† | ||||
| Hypertension, % | 10 | 32† | 20† | 10 | 25† | 44† | ||||
| Factor V Leiden | ||||||||||
| Noncarrier, % | 92 | 93 | 80 | 92 | 91 | 93 | ||||
| Heterozygote, % | 8 | 7 | 18 | 8 | 9 | 7 | ||||
| Homozygote, % | 0.2 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | ||||
Values are mean ± SE or percentage of individuals. Values were calculated on a slightly varying number of individuals depending on availability of data.
HDL indicates high-density lipoprotein; ND, not determined.
Individuals who remained free from ICD and VTE throughout follow-up. Values in the prospective studies represent baseline values. In the prospective studies, individuals developing ICD or VTE were compared with individuals who remained free from both ICD and VTE using Student ttest, Mann-Whitney U-test, or χ2 test. In case-control studies, cases with IHD or ICVD were compared with controls examined in 1991 through 1994 who were free from both ICD and VTE.
P < .001.
P < .01.
P < .05.