Calcineurin mediates reactivation of Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus in dermal microvascular endothelial cells
| . | PF-8 . | gpK8.1 . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | + CsA . | . | + CsA . | |
| Unstimulated | 3.2 ± 2.7 | 3.4 ± 2.4 | < 1 | < 1 |
| Iono | 2.9 ± 2.4 | 3.0 ± 1.8 | < 1 | < 1 |
| TPA | 8.3 ± 2.3 | 8.5 ± 2.0 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.1 |
| TPA + Iono | 32 ± 4.6* | 7.9 ± 3.4† | 8.3 ± 3.3* | 1.3 ± 0.1† |
| . | PF-8 . | gpK8.1 . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | + CsA . | . | + CsA . | |
| Unstimulated | 3.2 ± 2.7 | 3.4 ± 2.4 | < 1 | < 1 |
| Iono | 2.9 ± 2.4 | 3.0 ± 1.8 | < 1 | < 1 |
| TPA | 8.3 ± 2.3 | 8.5 ± 2.0 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.1 |
| TPA + Iono | 32 ± 4.6* | 7.9 ± 3.4† | 8.3 ± 3.3* | 1.3 ± 0.1† |
Immortalized DMVEC monolayers were infected with KSHV and stimulated with ionomycin, low-dose TPA, or both in the presence or absence of CsA. After 3 days, the percentage of DMVEC expressing either PF-8 or gpK8.1 was determined. Data shown are mean ± SD of 5 (PF-8 expression) or 10 (gpK8.1 expression) fields.
CsA indicates cyclosporine; iono, ionomycin; TPA, 2-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate; DMVEC, dermal microvascular endothelial cells; KSHV, Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus.
P < .001 compared to induction by TPA only.
P < .001 compared to induction by TPA + ionomycin in the absence of CsA.