Association between cytokine polymorphisms and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
| Genotype . | No. (%) of men with KS n = 115 . | No. (%) of men without KS n = 126 . | Evidence for association (Pvalue) . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Locus . | Genotype . | |||
| IL6 (−174) | ||||
| CC | 10 (8.7) | 27 (21.4) | .0062 | |
| CG | 44 (38.3) | 55 (43.7) | .0035 | .40 |
| GG | 61 (53.0) | 44 (34.9) | .0046 | |
| TNF (−308) | ||||
| 11 | 91 (79.8) | 89 (72.4) | .18 | |
| 12 | 21 (18.4) | 31 (25.2) | .42 (M) | .21 |
| 22 | 2 (1.8) | 3 (2.4) | 1.00 (F) | |
| LTA (NcoI) | ||||
| 11 | 9 (7.9) | 14 (11.4) | .36 | |
| 12 | 54 (47.4) | 54 (43.9) | .64 | .59 |
| 22 | 51 (44.7) | 55 (44.8) | 1.00 | |
| IL1A (−889) | ||||
| CC | 52 (46.8) | 67 (54.5) | .24 | |
| CT | 47 (42.3) | 45 (36.6) | .51 | .37 |
| TT | 12 (10.8) | 11 (8.9) | .63 | |
| IL1B (+3953) | ||||
| CC | 70 (63.1) | 80 (65.6) | .69 | |
| CT | 36 (32.4) | 35 (28.7) | .78 | .54 |
| TT | 5 (4.5) | 7 (5.7) | .67 | |
| IL1RN (VNTR) | ||||
| 1/1 | 47 (42.0) | 56 (45.2) | .62 | |
| 1/2 | 40 (35.7) | 46 (37.1) | .83 | |
| 1/3 | 5 (4.5) | 7 (5.6) | .68 | |
| 1/4 | 0 | 1 (0.8) | .26* | 1.00 (F) |
| 1/5 | 0 | 1 (0.8) | 1.00 (F) | |
| 2/2 | 14 (12.5) | 13 (10.5) | .63† | |
| 2/3 | 5 (4.5) | 0 | .023 (F)† | |
| 3/3 | 1 (0.8) | 0 | .48 (F)† | |
| Genotype . | No. (%) of men with KS n = 115 . | No. (%) of men without KS n = 126 . | Evidence for association (Pvalue) . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Locus . | Genotype . | |||
| IL6 (−174) | ||||
| CC | 10 (8.7) | 27 (21.4) | .0062 | |
| CG | 44 (38.3) | 55 (43.7) | .0035 | .40 |
| GG | 61 (53.0) | 44 (34.9) | .0046 | |
| TNF (−308) | ||||
| 11 | 91 (79.8) | 89 (72.4) | .18 | |
| 12 | 21 (18.4) | 31 (25.2) | .42 (M) | .21 |
| 22 | 2 (1.8) | 3 (2.4) | 1.00 (F) | |
| LTA (NcoI) | ||||
| 11 | 9 (7.9) | 14 (11.4) | .36 | |
| 12 | 54 (47.4) | 54 (43.9) | .64 | .59 |
| 22 | 51 (44.7) | 55 (44.8) | 1.00 | |
| IL1A (−889) | ||||
| CC | 52 (46.8) | 67 (54.5) | .24 | |
| CT | 47 (42.3) | 45 (36.6) | .51 | .37 |
| TT | 12 (10.8) | 11 (8.9) | .63 | |
| IL1B (+3953) | ||||
| CC | 70 (63.1) | 80 (65.6) | .69 | |
| CT | 36 (32.4) | 35 (28.7) | .78 | .54 |
| TT | 5 (4.5) | 7 (5.7) | .67 | |
| IL1RN (VNTR) | ||||
| 1/1 | 47 (42.0) | 56 (45.2) | .62 | |
| 1/2 | 40 (35.7) | 46 (37.1) | .83 | |
| 1/3 | 5 (4.5) | 7 (5.6) | .68 | |
| 1/4 | 0 | 1 (0.8) | .26* | 1.00 (F) |
| 1/5 | 0 | 1 (0.8) | 1.00 (F) | |
| 2/2 | 14 (12.5) | 13 (10.5) | .63† | |
| 2/3 | 5 (4.5) | 0 | .023 (F)† | |
| 3/3 | 1 (0.8) | 0 | .48 (F)† | |
A total of 115 men with KS and 126 without KS were studied. Genotypes for the cytokines IL6, TNF, LTA, IL1A, IL1B, andIL1RN were determined for a population of North American white men who acquired HIV infection through sex with other men. A χ2 test or the Mehta version of the Fisher exact test (M) was used to test the hypothesis at each locus (3 × 2 tables) and for each of 3 possible genotypes (2 × 2 table). Not all samples were amplified at each locus.
For IL1RN, a χ2 analysis was performed by using a 3 × 2 table, with the comparisons being between wild-type genotypes (1/1) and all heterozygotes with at least one wild-type allele (1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and 1/5) and genotypes without a wild-type allele (2/2, 2/3, and 3/3).
For IL1RN, a 2 × 2 table was used to compare the combination of 3 IL1RN genotypes (2/2, 2/3, and 3/3) and all remaining genotypes (P = .10). Similarly, the combination of 2IL1RN genotypes (2/3 and 3/3) was compared with all remaining genotypes (P = .011 by Fisher [F] exact test).