All the primers, except one, that were used for PCR amplification and sequencing the human TPI gene are located in introns. Amplification of the promoter region was performed in 2 parts while the exons, intron-exon boundaries, and small adjacent introns were amplified in 4 parts. PCR experiments were performed using AmpliTaq Gold enzyme (Perkin Elmer, Foster City, CA) for 30 cycles at 60°C, except for 8F-539R and 520F-776R at 65°C for 35 cycles and 30 cycles at 55°C for primers 3401F-3920R. Magnesium concentration was adjusted to 1.5 mM except for 3401F-3920R, where it was adjusted to 2 mM.