Baseline characteristics
| . | All patients (N = 34) . | MRD−(n = 16) . | MRD+(n = 18) . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age, y | 62.5 | 61.5 | 65 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 13 (38.2) | 5 (31.3) | 9 (50) |
| Race/ethnicity, n | |||
| White | 27 | 12 | 15 |
| East Asian | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| African American | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Unknown/not reported | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Mean BMI (range), kg/m2 | 26.5 (15.5-38.5) | 28.3 (20.7-38.5) | 24.9 (15.5-33.2) |
| Paraprotein isotype, n | |||
| IgG κ | 16 | 7 | 9 |
| IgG λ | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| IgA κ | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| IgA λ | 3 | 3 | 0 |
| Light chain κ | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Nonsecretory | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytogenetic risk, n (%) | |||
| High* | 10 (29) | 2 (12.5) | 8 (44.4) |
| Standard | 24 (69) | 14 (87.5) | 10 (55.6) |
| ISS stage, n | |||
| I | 25 | 14 | 11 |
| II | 6 | 1 | 5 |
| III | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Induction therapy regimen, n | |||
| KRd + ASCT | 9 | 3 | 6 |
| KRd without ASCT | 16 | 11 | 5 |
| Other induction + ASCT | 5 | 1 | 4 |
| Other without ASCT | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| Prior ASCT, n (%) | 14 (41.2) | 4 (25) | 10 (55.6) |
| Antibiotics within 60 d of stool sample collection, n (%)† | 8 (23.5) | 2 (12.5) | 6 (33.3) |
| Median serum immunoglobulin (IQR), mg/dL | |||
| IgG | 584 (480-864) | 608 (480-1084) | 584 (488-834) |
| IgA | 69.5 (30.2-109.2) | 74 (66.5-149) | 61.5 (26.5-87.5) |
| IgM | 27.8 (14.8-31.5) | 22.5 (14.2-27.8) | 24 (17-32.5) |
| . | All patients (N = 34) . | MRD−(n = 16) . | MRD+(n = 18) . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age, y | 62.5 | 61.5 | 65 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 13 (38.2) | 5 (31.3) | 9 (50) |
| Race/ethnicity, n | |||
| White | 27 | 12 | 15 |
| East Asian | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| African American | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Unknown/not reported | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Mean BMI (range), kg/m2 | 26.5 (15.5-38.5) | 28.3 (20.7-38.5) | 24.9 (15.5-33.2) |
| Paraprotein isotype, n | |||
| IgG κ | 16 | 7 | 9 |
| IgG λ | 8 | 5 | 3 |
| IgA κ | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| IgA λ | 3 | 3 | 0 |
| Light chain κ | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Nonsecretory | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytogenetic risk, n (%) | |||
| High* | 10 (29) | 2 (12.5) | 8 (44.4) |
| Standard | 24 (69) | 14 (87.5) | 10 (55.6) |
| ISS stage, n | |||
| I | 25 | 14 | 11 |
| II | 6 | 1 | 5 |
| III | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Induction therapy regimen, n | |||
| KRd + ASCT | 9 | 3 | 6 |
| KRd without ASCT | 16 | 11 | 5 |
| Other induction + ASCT | 5 | 1 | 4 |
| Other without ASCT | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| Prior ASCT, n (%) | 14 (41.2) | 4 (25) | 10 (55.6) |
| Antibiotics within 60 d of stool sample collection, n (%)† | 8 (23.5) | 2 (12.5) | 6 (33.3) |
| Median serum immunoglobulin (IQR), mg/dL | |||
| IgG | 584 (480-864) | 608 (480-1084) | 584 (488-834) |
| IgA | 69.5 (30.2-109.2) | 74 (66.5-149) | 61.5 (26.5-87.5) |
| IgM | 27.8 (14.8-31.5) | 22.5 (14.2-27.8) | 24 (17-32.5) |
Patients with >1 line of therapy and patients on lenalidomide maintenance at time of MRD assessment were excluded.
ASCT, autologous stem cell transplantation; BMI, body mass index; Ig, immunoglobulin; ISS, International Staging System; KRd, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone.
High-risk cytogenetics defined as del(17/17p), t(4;14), t(14;16), t(14;20), gain 1q.
Seven patients exposed to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim); 1 patient in the MRD+ group exposed to levofloxacin (Levaquin).