Participant characteristics and risk factors by study group
| . | Control (n = 115) . | Subaneurysmal (n = 68) . | AAA . | . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic . | Slow growing (n = 84) . | Fast growing (n = 85) . | P* . | ||
| Age, y | 65 (65-70) | 72 (70-75) | 72 (68-77) | 72 (68-78) | <.001 |
| Sex | .002 | ||||
| Male | 115 (100) | 62 (91.2) | 75 (89.3) | 74 (87.1) | |
| Female | 0 (0) | 6 (8.8) | 9 (10.7) | 11 (12.9) | |
| Height, cm† | 178 (174-183) | 179 (173-183) | 181 (177-184) | 180 (175-186) | .084 |
| Weight, kg† | 83 (75-90) | 85 (78-94) | 88 (78-98) | 88 (80-97) | .112 |
| Baseline aneurysm diameter, mm | 18 (17-19) | 28 (26-29) | 36 (34-40) | 39 (33-43) | <.001 |
| Final aneurysm diameter, mm | — | 32 (30-36) | 40 (36-46) | 50 (45-55) | <.001 |
| Aorta growth, mm/y | — | 0.90 (0.55-1.50) | 0.95 (0.40-1.45) | 3.10 (2.50-4.70) | <.001 |
| CHD | 10 (8.7) | 15 (22) | 28 (33.3) | 30 (35.3) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 56 (48.7) | 35 (51.5) | 59 (70.2) | 52 (61.2) | .025 |
| CVD | 5 (4.4) | 6 (8.8) | 22 (26.2) | 7 (8.2) | <.001 |
| Claudication | 1 (0.9) | 6 (8.8) | 10 (11.9) | 1 (1.2) | .001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (4.4) | 3 (4.4) | 15 (17.9) | 14 (16.5) | .002 |
| Renal insufficiency | 2 (1.7) | 1 (1.5) | 4 (4.8) | 5 (5.9) | .293 |
| Diabetes | 17 (14.8) | 9 (13.2) | 19 (22.6) | 6 (7.1) | .036 |
| ASA use | 17 (14.8) | 24 (35.3) | 45 (53.7) | 39 (45.9) | <.001 |
| Statin use | 30 (26.1) | 31 (45.6) | 41 (48.8) | 36 (42.4) | .003 |
| Smoking status | <.001 | ||||
| Current | 6 (5.2) | 24 (35.3) | 18 (21.4) | 32 (37.6) | |
| Former | 57 (49.6) | 30 (44.1) | 58 (69.0) | 40 (47.1) | |
| Never | 51 (44.3) | 13 (19.1) | 7 (8.3) | 13 (15.3) | |
| Smoking years‡ | 20 (14-32) | 41 (26-50) | 40 (28-47) | 45 (31-50) | <.001 |
| Cigarettes/d3 | 15 (10-20) | 12 (10-15) | 15 (10-20) | 15 (10-20) | .512 |
| . | Control (n = 115) . | Subaneurysmal (n = 68) . | AAA . | . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic . | Slow growing (n = 84) . | Fast growing (n = 85) . | P* . | ||
| Age, y | 65 (65-70) | 72 (70-75) | 72 (68-77) | 72 (68-78) | <.001 |
| Sex | .002 | ||||
| Male | 115 (100) | 62 (91.2) | 75 (89.3) | 74 (87.1) | |
| Female | 0 (0) | 6 (8.8) | 9 (10.7) | 11 (12.9) | |
| Height, cm† | 178 (174-183) | 179 (173-183) | 181 (177-184) | 180 (175-186) | .084 |
| Weight, kg† | 83 (75-90) | 85 (78-94) | 88 (78-98) | 88 (80-97) | .112 |
| Baseline aneurysm diameter, mm | 18 (17-19) | 28 (26-29) | 36 (34-40) | 39 (33-43) | <.001 |
| Final aneurysm diameter, mm | — | 32 (30-36) | 40 (36-46) | 50 (45-55) | <.001 |
| Aorta growth, mm/y | — | 0.90 (0.55-1.50) | 0.95 (0.40-1.45) | 3.10 (2.50-4.70) | <.001 |
| CHD | 10 (8.7) | 15 (22) | 28 (33.3) | 30 (35.3) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 56 (48.7) | 35 (51.5) | 59 (70.2) | 52 (61.2) | .025 |
| CVD | 5 (4.4) | 6 (8.8) | 22 (26.2) | 7 (8.2) | <.001 |
| Claudication | 1 (0.9) | 6 (8.8) | 10 (11.9) | 1 (1.2) | .001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (4.4) | 3 (4.4) | 15 (17.9) | 14 (16.5) | .002 |
| Renal insufficiency | 2 (1.7) | 1 (1.5) | 4 (4.8) | 5 (5.9) | .293 |
| Diabetes | 17 (14.8) | 9 (13.2) | 19 (22.6) | 6 (7.1) | .036 |
| ASA use | 17 (14.8) | 24 (35.3) | 45 (53.7) | 39 (45.9) | <.001 |
| Statin use | 30 (26.1) | 31 (45.6) | 41 (48.8) | 36 (42.4) | .003 |
| Smoking status | <.001 | ||||
| Current | 6 (5.2) | 24 (35.3) | 18 (21.4) | 32 (37.6) | |
| Former | 57 (49.6) | 30 (44.1) | 58 (69.0) | 40 (47.1) | |
| Never | 51 (44.3) | 13 (19.1) | 7 (8.3) | 13 (15.3) | |
| Smoking years‡ | 20 (14-32) | 41 (26-50) | 40 (28-47) | 45 (31-50) | <.001 |
| Cigarettes/d3 | 15 (10-20) | 12 (10-15) | 15 (10-20) | 15 (10-20) | .512 |
P value from Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and from χ2 test for categorical variables. Data are presented as median (IQR) for continuous variables, and categorical variables are given as counts (percentages).
Eight-seven participants were missing both height and weight; 2 participants were missing only height, and 11 were missing only weight.
Among current or former smokers.