Factors associated with complete response, 8-week mortality, and survival
| Parameter/category . | No. . | No. of CR (%) . | P . | No. of 8-wk mortality (%) . | P . | Survival . | P . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median, wk . | 1-y, % . | 2-y, % . | |||||||
| Total | 430 | 193 (45) | 154 (36) | 20 | 28 | 16 | |||
| Age | .27 | .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| 70-74 y | 241 | 113 (47) | 80 (33) | 24 | 32 | 16 | |||
| 75-79 y | 132 | 60 (45) | 43 (33) | 21 | 25 | 19 | |||
| ≥ 80 y | 57 | 20 (35) | 31 (54) | 6 | 17 | 9 | |||
| Performance (ECOG) | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| 0-1 | 246 | 122 (50) | 58 (24) | 31 | 34 | 20 | |||
| 2 | 127 | 57 (45) | 52 (41) | 15 | 24 | 11 | |||
| 3-4 | 57 | 14 (25) | 44 (77) | 3 | 9 | 7 | |||
| Splenomegaly | .01 | .07 | < .01 | ||||||
| Yes | 46 | 12 (26) | 22 (48) | 10 | 9 | 4 | |||
| No | 384 | 181 (47) | 132 (34) | 21 | 30 | 17 | |||
| Lymphadenopathy | .37 | .79 | .48 | ||||||
| Yes | 37 | 14 (38) | 14 (38) | 20 | 19 | 14 | |||
| No | 393 | 179 (46) | 140 (36) | 20 | 29 | 16 | |||
| Karyotype | < .01 | .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| Diploid | 173 | 94 (54) | 51 (29) | 35 | 38 | 24 | |||
| Chromosome 5 or 7 abn ± 1 other | 28 | 11 (39) | 11 (39) | 19 | 25 | 11 | |||
| Chromosome 5 or 7 + ≥ 2 other | 97 | 30 (31) | 45 (46) | 11 | 8 | 1 | |||
| Other complex (≥ 3 abn) | 38 | 12 (32) | 19 (50) | 8 | 18 | 11 | |||
| Other noncomplex (≤ 2 abn) | 94 | 46 (49) | 28 (30) | 27 | 33 | 19 | |||
| Prior malignancy | .15 | .65 | .37 | ||||||
| Yes | 131 | 52 (40) | 49 (37) | 17 | 28 | 13 | |||
| No | 299 | 141 (47) | 105 (35) | 22 | 28 | 17 | |||
| Prior induction chemotherapy for other malignancies | < .01 | .10 | < .01 | ||||||
| Yes | 52 | 13 (25) | 24 (46) | 11 | 16 | 2 | |||
| No | 378 | 180 (48) | 130 (34) | 23 | 29 | 18 | |||
| AHD | < .01 | .46 | .16 | ||||||
| 0 mo | 196 | 93 (47) | 72 (37) | 17 | 27 | 17 | |||
| 1-5 mo | 112 | 58 (52) | 38 (34) | 21 | 28 | 16 | |||
| 6-11 mo | 44 | 23 (52) | 12 (27) | 40 | 43 | 20 | |||
| ≥ 12 mo | 78 | 19 (24) | 32 (41) | 15 | 21 | 10 | |||
| Hemoglobin level | .78 | .17 | .27 | ||||||
| < 8 g/dL | 206 | 90 (44) | 83 (40) | 17 | 27 | 15 | |||
| 8.1-9.9 g/dL | 171 | 77 (45) | 55 (32) | 25 | 28 | 15 | |||
| ≥ 10 g/dL | 53 | 26 (49) | 16 (30) | 26 | 32 | 25 | |||
| WBC count | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| ≥ 25 × 109/L | 138 | 43 (31) | 64 (46) | 11 | 21 | 11 | |||
| < 25 × 109/L | 292 | 150 (51) | 90 (31) | 26 | 31 | 18 | |||
| Platelet count | .44 | .02 | .05 | ||||||
| < 100 ×109/L | 349 | 152 (44) | 135 (39) | 18 | 27 | 15 | |||
| 100-400 × 109/L | 78 | 39 (50) | 19 (24) | 31 | 29 | 21 | |||
| > 400 ×109/L | 3 | 2 (67) | 0 | 20 | 33 | 0 | |||
| Marrow blasts | .72 | .60 | .67 | ||||||
| ≥ 50% | 216 | 99 (46) | 80 (37) | 19 | 29 | 15 | |||
| < 50% | 211 | 93 (44) | 73 (35) | 20 | 26 | 17 | |||
| Lactic dehydrogenase level | .01 | .14 | < .01 | ||||||
| > 600 IU/L | 311 | 128 (41) | 118 (38) | 18 | 23 | 13 | |||
| ≤ 600 IU/L | 119 | 65 (55) | 36 (30) | 35 | 41 | 22 | |||
| Creatinine level | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| > 1.3 mg/dL | 115 | 32 (28) | 58 (50) | 8 | 17 | 10 | |||
| ≤ 1.3 mg/dL | 315 | 161 (51) | 96 (30) | 27 | 31 | 18 | |||
| Bilirubin level | .12 | < .01 | .01 | ||||||
| > 1.0 mg/dL | 76 | 28 (37) | 41 (54) | 4 | 20 | 13 | |||
| ≤ 1.0 mg/dL | 353 | 165 (47) | 113 (32) | 23 | 30 | 16 | |||
| Treatment in the laminar air flow room | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| Yes | 318 | 165 (52) | 82 (26) | 28 | 33 | 19 | |||
| No | 112 | 28 (25) | 72 (64) | 4 | 13 | 8 | |||
| Therapy | .10 | .19 | .10 | ||||||
| Idarubicin + HD ara-C ± fludarabine | 275 | 129 (47) | 95 (35) | 21 | 28 | 16 | |||
| Fludarabine + HD ara-C | 66 | 23 (35) | 30 (45) | 12 | 24 | 14 | |||
| Topotecan + HD ara-C | 16 | 6 (38) | 6 (38) | 18 | 13 | 13 | |||
| Topotecan + HD ara-C + cyclophosphamide | 47 | 24 (51) | 16 (34) | 18 | 30 | 21 | |||
| Clofarabine + HD ara-C | 8 | 6 (75) | 0 | 66 | 75 | 38 | |||
| Miscellaneous + ara-C | 18 | 5 (28) | 7 (39) | 17 | 17 | 6 | |||
| Year of therapy | .02 | .05 | .98 | ||||||
| Before 2000 | 264 | 130 (49) | 104 (39) | 19 | 28 | 17 | |||
| 2000-2008 | 166 | 63 (38) | 50 (30) | 20 | 28 | 14 | |||
| Albumin level | .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| ≤ 3.2 g/dL | 225 | 88 (39) | 101 (45) | 14 | 21 | 11 | |||
| > 3.2 g/dL | 203 | 105 (52) | 53 (26) | 35 | 35 | 22 | |||
| Parameter/category . | No. . | No. of CR (%) . | P . | No. of 8-wk mortality (%) . | P . | Survival . | P . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median, wk . | 1-y, % . | 2-y, % . | |||||||
| Total | 430 | 193 (45) | 154 (36) | 20 | 28 | 16 | |||
| Age | .27 | .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| 70-74 y | 241 | 113 (47) | 80 (33) | 24 | 32 | 16 | |||
| 75-79 y | 132 | 60 (45) | 43 (33) | 21 | 25 | 19 | |||
| ≥ 80 y | 57 | 20 (35) | 31 (54) | 6 | 17 | 9 | |||
| Performance (ECOG) | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| 0-1 | 246 | 122 (50) | 58 (24) | 31 | 34 | 20 | |||
| 2 | 127 | 57 (45) | 52 (41) | 15 | 24 | 11 | |||
| 3-4 | 57 | 14 (25) | 44 (77) | 3 | 9 | 7 | |||
| Splenomegaly | .01 | .07 | < .01 | ||||||
| Yes | 46 | 12 (26) | 22 (48) | 10 | 9 | 4 | |||
| No | 384 | 181 (47) | 132 (34) | 21 | 30 | 17 | |||
| Lymphadenopathy | .37 | .79 | .48 | ||||||
| Yes | 37 | 14 (38) | 14 (38) | 20 | 19 | 14 | |||
| No | 393 | 179 (46) | 140 (36) | 20 | 29 | 16 | |||
| Karyotype | < .01 | .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| Diploid | 173 | 94 (54) | 51 (29) | 35 | 38 | 24 | |||
| Chromosome 5 or 7 abn ± 1 other | 28 | 11 (39) | 11 (39) | 19 | 25 | 11 | |||
| Chromosome 5 or 7 + ≥ 2 other | 97 | 30 (31) | 45 (46) | 11 | 8 | 1 | |||
| Other complex (≥ 3 abn) | 38 | 12 (32) | 19 (50) | 8 | 18 | 11 | |||
| Other noncomplex (≤ 2 abn) | 94 | 46 (49) | 28 (30) | 27 | 33 | 19 | |||
| Prior malignancy | .15 | .65 | .37 | ||||||
| Yes | 131 | 52 (40) | 49 (37) | 17 | 28 | 13 | |||
| No | 299 | 141 (47) | 105 (35) | 22 | 28 | 17 | |||
| Prior induction chemotherapy for other malignancies | < .01 | .10 | < .01 | ||||||
| Yes | 52 | 13 (25) | 24 (46) | 11 | 16 | 2 | |||
| No | 378 | 180 (48) | 130 (34) | 23 | 29 | 18 | |||
| AHD | < .01 | .46 | .16 | ||||||
| 0 mo | 196 | 93 (47) | 72 (37) | 17 | 27 | 17 | |||
| 1-5 mo | 112 | 58 (52) | 38 (34) | 21 | 28 | 16 | |||
| 6-11 mo | 44 | 23 (52) | 12 (27) | 40 | 43 | 20 | |||
| ≥ 12 mo | 78 | 19 (24) | 32 (41) | 15 | 21 | 10 | |||
| Hemoglobin level | .78 | .17 | .27 | ||||||
| < 8 g/dL | 206 | 90 (44) | 83 (40) | 17 | 27 | 15 | |||
| 8.1-9.9 g/dL | 171 | 77 (45) | 55 (32) | 25 | 28 | 15 | |||
| ≥ 10 g/dL | 53 | 26 (49) | 16 (30) | 26 | 32 | 25 | |||
| WBC count | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| ≥ 25 × 109/L | 138 | 43 (31) | 64 (46) | 11 | 21 | 11 | |||
| < 25 × 109/L | 292 | 150 (51) | 90 (31) | 26 | 31 | 18 | |||
| Platelet count | .44 | .02 | .05 | ||||||
| < 100 ×109/L | 349 | 152 (44) | 135 (39) | 18 | 27 | 15 | |||
| 100-400 × 109/L | 78 | 39 (50) | 19 (24) | 31 | 29 | 21 | |||
| > 400 ×109/L | 3 | 2 (67) | 0 | 20 | 33 | 0 | |||
| Marrow blasts | .72 | .60 | .67 | ||||||
| ≥ 50% | 216 | 99 (46) | 80 (37) | 19 | 29 | 15 | |||
| < 50% | 211 | 93 (44) | 73 (35) | 20 | 26 | 17 | |||
| Lactic dehydrogenase level | .01 | .14 | < .01 | ||||||
| > 600 IU/L | 311 | 128 (41) | 118 (38) | 18 | 23 | 13 | |||
| ≤ 600 IU/L | 119 | 65 (55) | 36 (30) | 35 | 41 | 22 | |||
| Creatinine level | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| > 1.3 mg/dL | 115 | 32 (28) | 58 (50) | 8 | 17 | 10 | |||
| ≤ 1.3 mg/dL | 315 | 161 (51) | 96 (30) | 27 | 31 | 18 | |||
| Bilirubin level | .12 | < .01 | .01 | ||||||
| > 1.0 mg/dL | 76 | 28 (37) | 41 (54) | 4 | 20 | 13 | |||
| ≤ 1.0 mg/dL | 353 | 165 (47) | 113 (32) | 23 | 30 | 16 | |||
| Treatment in the laminar air flow room | < .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| Yes | 318 | 165 (52) | 82 (26) | 28 | 33 | 19 | |||
| No | 112 | 28 (25) | 72 (64) | 4 | 13 | 8 | |||
| Therapy | .10 | .19 | .10 | ||||||
| Idarubicin + HD ara-C ± fludarabine | 275 | 129 (47) | 95 (35) | 21 | 28 | 16 | |||
| Fludarabine + HD ara-C | 66 | 23 (35) | 30 (45) | 12 | 24 | 14 | |||
| Topotecan + HD ara-C | 16 | 6 (38) | 6 (38) | 18 | 13 | 13 | |||
| Topotecan + HD ara-C + cyclophosphamide | 47 | 24 (51) | 16 (34) | 18 | 30 | 21 | |||
| Clofarabine + HD ara-C | 8 | 6 (75) | 0 | 66 | 75 | 38 | |||
| Miscellaneous + ara-C | 18 | 5 (28) | 7 (39) | 17 | 17 | 6 | |||
| Year of therapy | .02 | .05 | .98 | ||||||
| Before 2000 | 264 | 130 (49) | 104 (39) | 19 | 28 | 17 | |||
| 2000-2008 | 166 | 63 (38) | 50 (30) | 20 | 28 | 14 | |||
| Albumin level | .01 | < .01 | < .01 | ||||||
| ≤ 3.2 g/dL | 225 | 88 (39) | 101 (45) | 14 | 21 | 11 | |||
| > 3.2 g/dL | 203 | 105 (52) | 53 (26) | 35 | 35 | 22 | |||
CR indicates complete response, ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; abn, abnormality; AHD, antecedent hematologic disorder; WBC, white blood cell; HD, high dose; and ara-C, cytarabine.