Milestones in the evolution of the classification of lymphoid neoplasms
| Year . | Reference . | Principal contributors . | Event . |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1806 | * | J. Alibert | Clinical description of mycosis fungoides |
| 1828 | * | R. Carswell | “Cancer cerebriformis of the lymphatic glands and spleen”; the first case of what was later recognized as “Hodgkin's disease” |
| 1832 | 46 | T. Hodgkin | “On some morbid appearances of the absorbent glands and spleen”; clinical report of what would come to be known as Hodgkin disease |
| 1865 | * | S. Wilks | Proposes the eponym “Hodgkin's disease” |
| 1845, 1863 | * | R. Virchow | Describes both leukemia and lymphosarcoma |
| 1898, 1902 | * | C. Sternberg, D. Reed | Define the microscopic features of the neoplastic cell of Hodgkin disease, establishing an accurate micropscopic description of the disease, the first lymphoma to be defined histologically |
| 1914 | * | J. Ewing | Describe “reticulosarcomas” (reticulum cell sarcomas) of bone and lymphoid organs |
| 1928 | * | C. Oberling | Describe “reticulosarcomas” (reticulum cell sarcomas) of bone and lymphoid organs |
| 1930 | * | F. Roulet | Describe “reticulosarcomas” (reticulum cell sarcomas) of bone and lymphoid organs |
| 1916 | * | C. Sternberg | Describes “leukosarkomatose,” a process with characteristic features of precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma |
| 1925 | 9,–11 | N. Brill | Describe “giant follicle hyperplasia” and “follicular lymphadenopathy”—processes with features of follicular lymphoma and florid follicular hyperplasia |
| 1927 | D. Symmers | ||
| 1941, 1942 | 12,13 | E. Gall, T. Mallory | Accurate description of follicular lymphoma, and propose the first modern classification system of lymphoma |
| 1947 | * | H. Jackson, F. Parker | Propose a classification of Hodgkin disease |
| 1958 | 14 | D. Burkitt | Describes clinical syndrome of Burkitt lymphoma in African children |
| 1960 | 15 | P. Nowell | Phytohemaggutinin used to “transform” lymphocytes in vitro |
| 1961 | 16 | G. O'Conor | Provides histopathologic description of Burkitt lymphoma |
| 1964 | 17 | M. A. Epstein | Description of viral particles, the Epstein-Barr virus, in cultured cells from Burkitt lymphoma |
| 1956, 1966 | 18,19 | H. Rappaport | Proposes an alternative classification for “non-Hodgkin's” lymphoma |
| 1966 | 20 | R. Lukes, J. Butler | Propose the modern classification of Hodgkin lymphoma |
| 1972 | 21 | H. Stein | Identifies high levels of IgM in “histiocytic” lymphomas |
| 1973 | K. Lennert | Lennert and colleagues (R. Gérard-Marchant, I. Hamlin, K.L., F. Rilke, A. G. Stansfeld, and J. A. M. van Unnik) meet to form the European Lymphoma Club, the predecessor of the European Association for Haematopathology | |
| 1974 | 22,60,63 | K. Lennert | Proposes the Kiel classification of lymphomas |
| 1974 | 23 | C. Taylor | Immunohistochemical detection of immunoglobulin within cells within FFPE sections |
| D. Mason | |||
| 1974 | 24 | E. Jaffe | Identification of complement receptors on cells of “nodular lymphoma” linking them to the lymphoid follicle |
| 1975 | 25 | Failed consensus meeting of proponents of lymphoma classification systems; Lennert (Kiel), Lukes and Collins, Dorfman, Bennett (BNLI); Mathe (WHO), and Rappaport, leading to Working Formulation study by NCI | |
| 1975 | 26 | E. Southern | Development of Southern blot technique to separate and analyze DNA fragments |
| 1976 | 27 | G. Klein | Identification of t(8;14)(q24;q32) as a recurrent translocation in Burkitt lymphoma |
| 1979 | 28 | S. Fukuhara, J. Rowley | Identification of t(14;18)(q32;q21) as a recurrent translocation in “lymphocytic lymphoma” (follicular lymphoma) |
| 1979 | 29 | A. McMichael | First monoclonal antibody to a human leukocyte differentiation antigen, later defined as CD1a |
| 1980-1982 | 30,,–33 | H. Stein, S. Poppema, R. Warnke, D. Mason | Characterization of lymphoid cells by immunohistochemistry on frozen and paraffin sections |
| 1982 | 34 | A. Bernard, L. Boumsell | First international workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA) |
| 1982 | 35,36 | P. Leder, R. Dalla-Favera, C. Croce | Cloning of MYC gene, and idenfication of MYC and IGH@ as reciprocal partners in t(8;14)(q24;q32) |
| 1982 | 37 | J. Yunis | Recurrent translocations identified in follicular lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
| 1982 | 25 | C. Berard, R. Dorfman, V. DeVitaS. Rosenberg | Publication of “Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma pathologic classification project. National Cancer Institute sponsored study of classifications of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: summary and description of a Working Formulation for clinical usage” |
| 1985 | 38 | K. Mullis | Development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for amplification of specific DNA sequences |
| 1986 | 39 | T. Cremer | Development of in situ hybridization techniques for analysis of chromosome aberrations in interphase nuclei |
| 1991-1992 | 40 | P. Isaacson, H. Stein | Founding of the International Lymphoma Study Group (ILSG) and publication of consensus report on mantle cell lymphoma |
| 1994 | 41 | R. Kuppers, K. Rajewsky | Identification of IgH gene rearrangements in Reed-Sternberg cells picked from tissue sections of classical Hodgkin lymphoma |
| 1994 | 42 | N. Harris, ILSG | Publication of the Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms (REAL) |
| 1997 | 43 | J. Armitage and colleagues | Validation of the REAL classification by the International Lymphoma Classification Project study |
| 2000 | 44 | L. Staudt and colleagues | Application of gene expression profiling to human lymphomas |
| 2001 | 45 | E.A.H.P., S.H. | Publication of WHO Monograph: Pathology and Genetics: Tumours of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues (3rd edition) |
| 2008 | 1 | E.A.H.P., S.H. | WHO classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues (4th Edition) |
| Year . | Reference . | Principal contributors . | Event . |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1806 | * | J. Alibert | Clinical description of mycosis fungoides |
| 1828 | * | R. Carswell | “Cancer cerebriformis of the lymphatic glands and spleen”; the first case of what was later recognized as “Hodgkin's disease” |
| 1832 | 46 | T. Hodgkin | “On some morbid appearances of the absorbent glands and spleen”; clinical report of what would come to be known as Hodgkin disease |
| 1865 | * | S. Wilks | Proposes the eponym “Hodgkin's disease” |
| 1845, 1863 | * | R. Virchow | Describes both leukemia and lymphosarcoma |
| 1898, 1902 | * | C. Sternberg, D. Reed | Define the microscopic features of the neoplastic cell of Hodgkin disease, establishing an accurate micropscopic description of the disease, the first lymphoma to be defined histologically |
| 1914 | * | J. Ewing | Describe “reticulosarcomas” (reticulum cell sarcomas) of bone and lymphoid organs |
| 1928 | * | C. Oberling | Describe “reticulosarcomas” (reticulum cell sarcomas) of bone and lymphoid organs |
| 1930 | * | F. Roulet | Describe “reticulosarcomas” (reticulum cell sarcomas) of bone and lymphoid organs |
| 1916 | * | C. Sternberg | Describes “leukosarkomatose,” a process with characteristic features of precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma |
| 1925 | 9,–11 | N. Brill | Describe “giant follicle hyperplasia” and “follicular lymphadenopathy”—processes with features of follicular lymphoma and florid follicular hyperplasia |
| 1927 | D. Symmers | ||
| 1941, 1942 | 12,13 | E. Gall, T. Mallory | Accurate description of follicular lymphoma, and propose the first modern classification system of lymphoma |
| 1947 | * | H. Jackson, F. Parker | Propose a classification of Hodgkin disease |
| 1958 | 14 | D. Burkitt | Describes clinical syndrome of Burkitt lymphoma in African children |
| 1960 | 15 | P. Nowell | Phytohemaggutinin used to “transform” lymphocytes in vitro |
| 1961 | 16 | G. O'Conor | Provides histopathologic description of Burkitt lymphoma |
| 1964 | 17 | M. A. Epstein | Description of viral particles, the Epstein-Barr virus, in cultured cells from Burkitt lymphoma |
| 1956, 1966 | 18,19 | H. Rappaport | Proposes an alternative classification for “non-Hodgkin's” lymphoma |
| 1966 | 20 | R. Lukes, J. Butler | Propose the modern classification of Hodgkin lymphoma |
| 1972 | 21 | H. Stein | Identifies high levels of IgM in “histiocytic” lymphomas |
| 1973 | K. Lennert | Lennert and colleagues (R. Gérard-Marchant, I. Hamlin, K.L., F. Rilke, A. G. Stansfeld, and J. A. M. van Unnik) meet to form the European Lymphoma Club, the predecessor of the European Association for Haematopathology | |
| 1974 | 22,60,63 | K. Lennert | Proposes the Kiel classification of lymphomas |
| 1974 | 23 | C. Taylor | Immunohistochemical detection of immunoglobulin within cells within FFPE sections |
| D. Mason | |||
| 1974 | 24 | E. Jaffe | Identification of complement receptors on cells of “nodular lymphoma” linking them to the lymphoid follicle |
| 1975 | 25 | Failed consensus meeting of proponents of lymphoma classification systems; Lennert (Kiel), Lukes and Collins, Dorfman, Bennett (BNLI); Mathe (WHO), and Rappaport, leading to Working Formulation study by NCI | |
| 1975 | 26 | E. Southern | Development of Southern blot technique to separate and analyze DNA fragments |
| 1976 | 27 | G. Klein | Identification of t(8;14)(q24;q32) as a recurrent translocation in Burkitt lymphoma |
| 1979 | 28 | S. Fukuhara, J. Rowley | Identification of t(14;18)(q32;q21) as a recurrent translocation in “lymphocytic lymphoma” (follicular lymphoma) |
| 1979 | 29 | A. McMichael | First monoclonal antibody to a human leukocyte differentiation antigen, later defined as CD1a |
| 1980-1982 | 30,,–33 | H. Stein, S. Poppema, R. Warnke, D. Mason | Characterization of lymphoid cells by immunohistochemistry on frozen and paraffin sections |
| 1982 | 34 | A. Bernard, L. Boumsell | First international workshop on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens (HLDA) |
| 1982 | 35,36 | P. Leder, R. Dalla-Favera, C. Croce | Cloning of MYC gene, and idenfication of MYC and IGH@ as reciprocal partners in t(8;14)(q24;q32) |
| 1982 | 37 | J. Yunis | Recurrent translocations identified in follicular lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
| 1982 | 25 | C. Berard, R. Dorfman, V. DeVitaS. Rosenberg | Publication of “Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma pathologic classification project. National Cancer Institute sponsored study of classifications of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: summary and description of a Working Formulation for clinical usage” |
| 1985 | 38 | K. Mullis | Development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for amplification of specific DNA sequences |
| 1986 | 39 | T. Cremer | Development of in situ hybridization techniques for analysis of chromosome aberrations in interphase nuclei |
| 1991-1992 | 40 | P. Isaacson, H. Stein | Founding of the International Lymphoma Study Group (ILSG) and publication of consensus report on mantle cell lymphoma |
| 1994 | 41 | R. Kuppers, K. Rajewsky | Identification of IgH gene rearrangements in Reed-Sternberg cells picked from tissue sections of classical Hodgkin lymphoma |
| 1994 | 42 | N. Harris, ILSG | Publication of the Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms (REAL) |
| 1997 | 43 | J. Armitage and colleagues | Validation of the REAL classification by the International Lymphoma Classification Project study |
| 2000 | 44 | L. Staudt and colleagues | Application of gene expression profiling to human lymphomas |
| 2001 | 45 | E.A.H.P., S.H. | Publication of WHO Monograph: Pathology and Genetics: Tumours of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues (3rd edition) |
| 2008 | 1 | E.A.H.P., S.H. | WHO classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues (4th Edition) |
Reviewed in reference 8.