Association of hemoglobin levels with mortality stratified by race and sex
| Hemoglobin level . | No. of participants . | No. of deaths . | Mortality rate per 1000 person-years . | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) . | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black women | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 29 | 4 | 28.3 | 0.97 (0.34-2.79) | 0.77 (0.26-2.25) |
| 110-119 g/L | 95 | 24 | 54.3 | 2.03 (1.18-3.49) | 1.66 (0.92-3.00) |
| 120-129 g/L | 205 | 29 | 28.1 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 130-139 g/L | 192 | 38 | 40.0 | 1.36 (0.84-2.21) | 1.33 (0.81-2.20) |
| 140-149 g/L | 55 | 12 | 45.7 | 1.58 (0.81-3.11) | 1.29 (0.64-2.62) |
| At least 150 g/L | 18 | 4 | 49.5 | 1.85 (0.65-5.27) | 1.86 (0.63-5.46) |
| White women | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 16 | 9 | 121.8 | 5.33 (2.34-12.2) | 3.70 (1.55-8.85) |
| 110-119 g/L | 37 | 8 | 44.8 | 2.56 (1.10-5.94) | 2.90 (1.22-6.90) |
| 120-129 g/L | 169 | 17 | 19.4 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 130-139 g/L | 284 | 34 | 23.6 | 1.29 (0.72-2.32) | 1.23 (0.68-2.23) |
| 140-149 g/L | 190 | 23 | 23.7 | 1.29 (0.68-2.42) | 1.23 (0.65-2.34) |
| At least 150 g/L | 57 | 11 | 39.1 | 2.22 (1.04-4.77) | 2.17 (0.97-4.86) |
| Black men | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 20 | 11 | 147.5 | 2.18 (1.13-4.21) | 1.74 (0.85-3.57) |
| 110-119 g/L | 24 | 7 | 59.6 | 0.77 (0.35-1.70) | 0.43 (0.17-1.08) |
| 120-129 g/L | 64 | 17 | 57.9 | 0.78 (0.45-1.35) | 0.67 (0.37-1.21) |
| 130-139 g/L | 142 | 48 | 74.1 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 140-149 g/L | 104 | 26 | 53.8 | 0.72 (0.45-1.16) | 0.78 (0.48-1.28) |
| 150-159 g/L | 54 | 11 | 41.7 | 0.57 (0.30-1.11) | 0.61 (0.31-1.21) |
| At least 160 g/L | 16 | 4 | 57.1 | 0.77 (0.27-2.14) | 0.77 (0.27-2.20) |
| White men | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 8 | 4 | 119.1 | 3.69 (1.30-10.5) | 3.19 (1.04-9.84) |
| 110-119 g/L | 23 | 12 | 124.4 | 2.82 (1.46-5.44) | 2.23 (1.04-4.76) |
| 120-129 g/L | 83 | 22 | 56.1 | 1.38 (0.81-2.36) | 1.20 (0.69-2.08) |
| 130-139 g/L | 174 | 35 | 40.9 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 140-149 g/L | 277 | 44 | 32.0 | 0.79 (0.51-1.23) | 0.78 (0.49-1.22) |
| 150-159 g/L | 177 | 31 | 35.6 | 0.92 (0.56-1.49) | 0.88 (0.53-1.44) |
| At least 160 g/L | 88 | 17 | 40.0 | 1.04 (0.58-1.87) | 1.01 (0.55-1.86) |
| Hemoglobin level . | No. of participants . | No. of deaths . | Mortality rate per 1000 person-years . | Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) . | Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI)* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black women | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 29 | 4 | 28.3 | 0.97 (0.34-2.79) | 0.77 (0.26-2.25) |
| 110-119 g/L | 95 | 24 | 54.3 | 2.03 (1.18-3.49) | 1.66 (0.92-3.00) |
| 120-129 g/L | 205 | 29 | 28.1 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 130-139 g/L | 192 | 38 | 40.0 | 1.36 (0.84-2.21) | 1.33 (0.81-2.20) |
| 140-149 g/L | 55 | 12 | 45.7 | 1.58 (0.81-3.11) | 1.29 (0.64-2.62) |
| At least 150 g/L | 18 | 4 | 49.5 | 1.85 (0.65-5.27) | 1.86 (0.63-5.46) |
| White women | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 16 | 9 | 121.8 | 5.33 (2.34-12.2) | 3.70 (1.55-8.85) |
| 110-119 g/L | 37 | 8 | 44.8 | 2.56 (1.10-5.94) | 2.90 (1.22-6.90) |
| 120-129 g/L | 169 | 17 | 19.4 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 130-139 g/L | 284 | 34 | 23.6 | 1.29 (0.72-2.32) | 1.23 (0.68-2.23) |
| 140-149 g/L | 190 | 23 | 23.7 | 1.29 (0.68-2.42) | 1.23 (0.65-2.34) |
| At least 150 g/L | 57 | 11 | 39.1 | 2.22 (1.04-4.77) | 2.17 (0.97-4.86) |
| Black men | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 20 | 11 | 147.5 | 2.18 (1.13-4.21) | 1.74 (0.85-3.57) |
| 110-119 g/L | 24 | 7 | 59.6 | 0.77 (0.35-1.70) | 0.43 (0.17-1.08) |
| 120-129 g/L | 64 | 17 | 57.9 | 0.78 (0.45-1.35) | 0.67 (0.37-1.21) |
| 130-139 g/L | 142 | 48 | 74.1 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 140-149 g/L | 104 | 26 | 53.8 | 0.72 (0.45-1.16) | 0.78 (0.48-1.28) |
| 150-159 g/L | 54 | 11 | 41.7 | 0.57 (0.30-1.11) | 0.61 (0.31-1.21) |
| At least 160 g/L | 16 | 4 | 57.1 | 0.77 (0.27-2.14) | 0.77 (0.27-2.20) |
| White men | |||||
| Less than 110 g/L | 8 | 4 | 119.1 | 3.69 (1.30-10.5) | 3.19 (1.04-9.84) |
| 110-119 g/L | 23 | 12 | 124.4 | 2.82 (1.46-5.44) | 2.23 (1.04-4.76) |
| 120-129 g/L | 83 | 22 | 56.1 | 1.38 (0.81-2.36) | 1.20 (0.69-2.08) |
| 130-139 g/L | 174 | 35 | 40.9 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 140-149 g/L | 277 | 44 | 32.0 | 0.79 (0.51-1.23) | 0.78 (0.49-1.22) |
| 150-159 g/L | 177 | 31 | 35.6 | 0.92 (0.56-1.49) | 0.88 (0.53-1.44) |
| At least 160 g/L | 88 | 17 | 40.0 | 1.04 (0.58-1.87) | 1.01 (0.55-1.86) |
*Models adjusted for age, study site, education, smoking history, BMI, albumin, cystatin C, cancer, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, diabetes, gastrointestinal bleed/ulcer, hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, pulmonary disease, and hospitalization within the past 6 months.