Carfilzomib activity was assessed in wt (MM1.S and RPMI 8226.wt), melphalan-resistant (8226.LR5), Dex-resistant (MM1.R), and Dox-resistant (8226.Dox40) myeloma cells. 8226.Dox40 cells were also pretreated for 24 hours with the p-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil (15 μM). Cells were pulsed for 1 hour with increasing concentrations of carfilzomib, and the IC50 of proliferation was assessed after a 24-hour recovery.