Selected characteristics of the study population by cohort (SCHS, WHI, and WHS)
| . | SCHS24,27 . | WHI32 . | WHS29 . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases . | Controls . | Cases . | Controls . | Cases . | Controls . | |
| No. of persons | 10 | 19 | 197 | 394 | 21 | 42 |
| Mean age at blood draw, y (SD) | 66.5 (6.6) | 66.4 (6.7) | 66.4 (6.5) | 66.5 (6.5) | 58.7 (6.9) | 58.6 (6.7) |
| Sex, N (%) | ||||||
| Male | 6 (60.0) | 12 (63.2) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Female | 4 (40.0) | 7 (36.8) | 197 (100) | 394 (100) | 21 (100) | 42 (100) |
| Race, N (%) | ||||||
| White | NA | NA | 160 (81.2) | 320 (81.2) | 19 (90.5) | 38 (90.5) |
| Black | NA | NA | 26 (13.2) | 52 (13.2) | 1 (4.8) | 2 (4.8) |
| Asian | 10 (100) | 19 (100) | NA | NA | NA | 2 (4.8) |
| Other | NA | NA | 11 (5.6) | 22 (5.6) | 1 (4.8) | NA |
| Mean BMI at blood draw, kg/m2 (SD) | 23.7 (2.6) | 23 (3.0) | 27.8 (5.7) | 28.2 (5.7) | 25.7 (4.1) | 26.6 (4.4) |
| <18.5, N (%) | NA | 2 (10.5) | NA | 4 (1.0) | NA | NA |
| 18.5-<25, N (%) | 8 (80.0) | 11 (57.9) | 66 (33.5) | 128 (32.5) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (35.7) |
| 25-<30, N (%) | 2 (20.0) | 6 (31.6) | 82 (41.6) | 146 (37.1) | 8 (38.1) | 20 (47.6) |
| 30+, N (%) | NA | NA | 49 (24.9) | 116 (29.4) | 2 (9.5) | 7 (16.7) |
| Missing, N (%) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Type of blood sample, N (%) | ||||||
| Serum | NA | NA | 24 (12.2) | 48 (12.2) | NA | NA |
| Plasma, heparin | 10 (100) | 19 (100) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Plasma, EDTA | NA | NA | 173 (87.8) | 346 (87.8) | NA | NA |
| Plasma, sodium citrate | NA | NA | NA | NA | 21 (100) | 42 (100) |
| Fasting status, N (%) | ||||||
| Fasting | 10 (100) | 19 (100) | 197 (100) | 394 (100) | 18 (85.7) | 36 (85.7) |
| Not fasting | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 (14.3) | 6 (14.3) |
| Mean blood draw to diagnosis, y (range) | 2.5 (0.3-5.2) | 2.5 (0.2-5.1) | 5.2 (0.5-11.1) | 5.2 (-0.5-11.3) | 6.1 (2.2-9.8) | 6.1 (2.2-9.8) |
| ≤3, N (%) | 6 (60.0) | 11 (57.9) | 51 (25.9) | 98 (25.2) | 6 (28.6) | 10 (23.8) |
| 4-≤6, N (%) | 4 (40.0) | 8 (42.1) | 69 (35.0) | 140 (36.0) | 5 (23.8) | 12 (28.6) |
| >6, N (%) | NA | NA | 77 (39.1) | 151 (38.8) | 10 (47.6) | 20 (47.6) |
| Mean peripheral blood biomarker concentrations (SD) | ||||||
| IGF-1, ng/mL | 136.2 (43.9) | 133.2 (44.1) | 136.5 (48.5) | 133.2 (46.7) | 112.4 (31.4) | 134.7 (43.5) |
| IGFBP-3, ng/mL | 4 456 (1 213) | 4 356 (1 427) | 4 356 (1 059) | 4 313 (1 046) | 3 825 (744) | 4 152 (901) |
| IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) |
| IGFBP-1, ng/mL | 71.0 (47.0) | 64.0 (137.9) | 33.2 (24.7) | 32.0 (26.6) | 31.0 (14.6) | 28.2 (26.3) |
| C-peptide, ng/mL | 5.7 (5.6) | 5.1 (2.2) | 1.7 (0.8) | 1.7 (0.8) | 2.0 (1.1) | 2.1 (1.1) |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.0 (1.2) | 1.2 (1.9) | 3.9 (5.3) | 4.5 (6.4) | 4.7 (8.7) | 3.7 (4.8) |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 2.4 (2.1) | 1.9 (2.0) | 2.2 (2.6) | 2.7 (5.8) | NA | NA |
| sIL6R, pg/mL | 65 025 (70 369) | 30 364 (6 864) | 40 665 (12 232) | 38 537 (11 544) | NA | NA |
| . | SCHS24,27 . | WHI32 . | WHS29 . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases . | Controls . | Cases . | Controls . | Cases . | Controls . | |
| No. of persons | 10 | 19 | 197 | 394 | 21 | 42 |
| Mean age at blood draw, y (SD) | 66.5 (6.6) | 66.4 (6.7) | 66.4 (6.5) | 66.5 (6.5) | 58.7 (6.9) | 58.6 (6.7) |
| Sex, N (%) | ||||||
| Male | 6 (60.0) | 12 (63.2) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Female | 4 (40.0) | 7 (36.8) | 197 (100) | 394 (100) | 21 (100) | 42 (100) |
| Race, N (%) | ||||||
| White | NA | NA | 160 (81.2) | 320 (81.2) | 19 (90.5) | 38 (90.5) |
| Black | NA | NA | 26 (13.2) | 52 (13.2) | 1 (4.8) | 2 (4.8) |
| Asian | 10 (100) | 19 (100) | NA | NA | NA | 2 (4.8) |
| Other | NA | NA | 11 (5.6) | 22 (5.6) | 1 (4.8) | NA |
| Mean BMI at blood draw, kg/m2 (SD) | 23.7 (2.6) | 23 (3.0) | 27.8 (5.7) | 28.2 (5.7) | 25.7 (4.1) | 26.6 (4.4) |
| <18.5, N (%) | NA | 2 (10.5) | NA | 4 (1.0) | NA | NA |
| 18.5-<25, N (%) | 8 (80.0) | 11 (57.9) | 66 (33.5) | 128 (32.5) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (35.7) |
| 25-<30, N (%) | 2 (20.0) | 6 (31.6) | 82 (41.6) | 146 (37.1) | 8 (38.1) | 20 (47.6) |
| 30+, N (%) | NA | NA | 49 (24.9) | 116 (29.4) | 2 (9.5) | 7 (16.7) |
| Missing, N (%) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Type of blood sample, N (%) | ||||||
| Serum | NA | NA | 24 (12.2) | 48 (12.2) | NA | NA |
| Plasma, heparin | 10 (100) | 19 (100) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Plasma, EDTA | NA | NA | 173 (87.8) | 346 (87.8) | NA | NA |
| Plasma, sodium citrate | NA | NA | NA | NA | 21 (100) | 42 (100) |
| Fasting status, N (%) | ||||||
| Fasting | 10 (100) | 19 (100) | 197 (100) | 394 (100) | 18 (85.7) | 36 (85.7) |
| Not fasting | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 (14.3) | 6 (14.3) |
| Mean blood draw to diagnosis, y (range) | 2.5 (0.3-5.2) | 2.5 (0.2-5.1) | 5.2 (0.5-11.1) | 5.2 (-0.5-11.3) | 6.1 (2.2-9.8) | 6.1 (2.2-9.8) |
| ≤3, N (%) | 6 (60.0) | 11 (57.9) | 51 (25.9) | 98 (25.2) | 6 (28.6) | 10 (23.8) |
| 4-≤6, N (%) | 4 (40.0) | 8 (42.1) | 69 (35.0) | 140 (36.0) | 5 (23.8) | 12 (28.6) |
| >6, N (%) | NA | NA | 77 (39.1) | 151 (38.8) | 10 (47.6) | 20 (47.6) |
| Mean peripheral blood biomarker concentrations (SD) | ||||||
| IGF-1, ng/mL | 136.2 (43.9) | 133.2 (44.1) | 136.5 (48.5) | 133.2 (46.7) | 112.4 (31.4) | 134.7 (43.5) |
| IGFBP-3, ng/mL | 4 456 (1 213) | 4 356 (1 427) | 4 356 (1 059) | 4 313 (1 046) | 3 825 (744) | 4 152 (901) |
| IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) | 0.1 (0.03) |
| IGFBP-1, ng/mL | 71.0 (47.0) | 64.0 (137.9) | 33.2 (24.7) | 32.0 (26.6) | 31.0 (14.6) | 28.2 (26.3) |
| C-peptide, ng/mL | 5.7 (5.6) | 5.1 (2.2) | 1.7 (0.8) | 1.7 (0.8) | 2.0 (1.1) | 2.1 (1.1) |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.0 (1.2) | 1.2 (1.9) | 3.9 (5.3) | 4.5 (6.4) | 4.7 (8.7) | 3.7 (4.8) |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 2.4 (2.1) | 1.9 (2.0) | 2.2 (2.6) | 2.7 (5.8) | NA | NA |
| sIL6R, pg/mL | 65 025 (70 369) | 30 364 (6 864) | 40 665 (12 232) | 38 537 (11 544) | NA | NA |
Percentages and counts may not sum to the total because of rounding and/or missing data.
NA indicates not applicable.