Causes of hyperviscosity
| Serum . | Whole blood . | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Monoclonal . | Polyclonal . | RBC . | WBC . |
| WM | High-titer rheumatoid factor | Polycythemia vera | CLL |
| Rituximab IgM flare | Sjögren syndrome | Cyanotic heart disease | CML |
| Myeloma | IVIg infusion | HbSS | ANLL |
| IgA>>IgG | IgG4 disease | ||
| Types I and II cryoglobulinemia | HIV infection | ||
| Serum . | Whole blood . | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Monoclonal . | Polyclonal . | RBC . | WBC . |
| WM | High-titer rheumatoid factor | Polycythemia vera | CLL |
| Rituximab IgM flare | Sjögren syndrome | Cyanotic heart disease | CML |
| Myeloma | IVIg infusion | HbSS | ANLL |
| IgA>>IgG | IgG4 disease | ||
| Types I and II cryoglobulinemia | HIV infection | ||
ANLL, acute nonlymphocytic leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; HbSS, sickle cell disease; IVIg, IV immunoglobulin; RBC, red blood cell; WBC, white blood cell.