Goals for frailty assessment and treatment among patients with blood cancer
| Goals and approach . | 
|---|
| 1. Screen for frailty | 
| a. Refer to geriatrician, if appropriate | 
| b. Even if robust, repeat screen(s) after treatment of disease progression | 
| 2. Tailor treatment goals | 
| a. Assess and frequently reassess goals | 
| b. Integrate frailty-specific treatment data when available | 
| c. Balance potential for longer life and/or cure with treatment toxicity, visit burden, and potential for hospitalization | 
| 3. Improve strength and address exhaustion | 
| a. PT and/or OT | 
| b. Consider medication side effects | 
| c. Judicious use of transfusions and/or ESAs (MDS) | 
| d. Evaluate for mood disorders | 
| 4. Address weight loss | 
| a. Nutritionist evaluation | 
| b. Socialized meals | 
| c. Food access (eg, Meals on Wheels) | 
| d. Replace/fix dentures | 
| e. Liberalize diet (beware of transplant or neutropenic diet) | 
| 5. Reduce polypharmacy | 
| a. Frequent medication reconciliation | 
| b. Review evolving medication plans of other providers | 
| c. “Start low and go slow” with new medications | 
| d. Frequently assess for side effects | 
| 6. Screen for and address social support | 
| a. Obtain contact information for all caregivers | 
| b. Establish surrogate or health care power of attorney | 
| c. Assess for loneliness | 
| d. Assess for caregiver burnout | 
| e. Evaluate for financial strain and refer to social work, if appropriate | 
| 7. Screen for and address cognitive impairment | 
| a. Administer validated assessment tool | 
| b. Anticipate potential cognitive decompensation when hospitalized | 
| c. Consider role of pharmacotherapy | 
| Goals and approach . | 
|---|
| 1. Screen for frailty | 
| a. Refer to geriatrician, if appropriate | 
| b. Even if robust, repeat screen(s) after treatment of disease progression | 
| 2. Tailor treatment goals | 
| a. Assess and frequently reassess goals | 
| b. Integrate frailty-specific treatment data when available | 
| c. Balance potential for longer life and/or cure with treatment toxicity, visit burden, and potential for hospitalization | 
| 3. Improve strength and address exhaustion | 
| a. PT and/or OT | 
| b. Consider medication side effects | 
| c. Judicious use of transfusions and/or ESAs (MDS) | 
| d. Evaluate for mood disorders | 
| 4. Address weight loss | 
| a. Nutritionist evaluation | 
| b. Socialized meals | 
| c. Food access (eg, Meals on Wheels) | 
| d. Replace/fix dentures | 
| e. Liberalize diet (beware of transplant or neutropenic diet) | 
| 5. Reduce polypharmacy | 
| a. Frequent medication reconciliation | 
| b. Review evolving medication plans of other providers | 
| c. “Start low and go slow” with new medications | 
| d. Frequently assess for side effects | 
| 6. Screen for and address social support | 
| a. Obtain contact information for all caregivers | 
| b. Establish surrogate or health care power of attorney | 
| c. Assess for loneliness | 
| d. Assess for caregiver burnout | 
| e. Evaluate for financial strain and refer to social work, if appropriate | 
| 7. Screen for and address cognitive impairment | 
| a. Administer validated assessment tool | 
| b. Anticipate potential cognitive decompensation when hospitalized | 
| c. Consider role of pharmacotherapy | 
ESA, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents; OT, occupational therapy; PT, physical therapy. Adapted with permission from Huisingh-Scheetz and Walston.69