Patient characteristics
| Variable . | Low-dFLC group (203 patients) . | High-dFLC group (866 patients) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 66 (40-85) | 65 (30-87) | .090 |
| Male sex | 114 (56) | 501 (58) | .193 |
| Organ involvement | |||
| Heart | 87 (43) | 723 (83) | <.001 |
| Kidney | 157 (77) | 547 (63) | <.001 |
| Liver | 28 (14) | 121 (14) | .565 |
| PNS | 27 (13) | 100 (12) | .219 |
| >2 organs | 30 (15) | 229 (26) | <.001 |
| Cardiac stages | |||
| I | 75 (37) | 112 (13) | <.001 |
| II | 98 (48) | 364 (42) | .062 |
| III | 30 (15) | 390 (45) | <.001 |
| PS-ECOG ≥2 | 68 (33) | 480 (55) | <.001 |
| NYHA class 3 | 39 (19) | 351 (40) | <.001 |
| Renal stage | |||
| I | 41 (26) | 176 (33) | .056 |
| II | 75 (48) | 260 (49) | .482 |
| III | 40 (26) | 96 (18) | .024 |
| eGFR <30 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 29 (14) | 119 (14) | .398 |
| eGFR <15 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 7 (3) | 32 (3) | .449 |
| Dialysis at diagnosis | 1 (0.4) | 10 (1) | .224 |
| Involved light-chain type | |||
| κ | 38 (19) | 206 (24) | .070 |
| λ | 165 (81) | 660 (76) | .130 |
| Intact MP | 134 (66) | 411 (47) | <.001 |
| Intact MP concentration, g/L | 11 (3-34) | 11 (1-42) | .183 |
| Bone marrow plasma cells, % | 8 (5-15) | 12 (8-20) | <.001 |
| dFLC >20 mg/L | 117 (59) | — | — |
| Treatment type | |||
| MDex | 67 (33) | 289 (33) | .495 |
| CyBorD | 54 (26) | 191 (22) | .098 |
| BMDex | 20 (10) | 110 (13) | .158 |
| Thalidomide-based regimen | 13 (6) | 71 (8) | .242 |
| ASCT | 6 (3) | 15 (2) | .193 |
| Others | 43 (22) | 190 (22) | .411 |
| Variable . | Low-dFLC group (203 patients) . | High-dFLC group (866 patients) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 66 (40-85) | 65 (30-87) | .090 |
| Male sex | 114 (56) | 501 (58) | .193 |
| Organ involvement | |||
| Heart | 87 (43) | 723 (83) | <.001 |
| Kidney | 157 (77) | 547 (63) | <.001 |
| Liver | 28 (14) | 121 (14) | .565 |
| PNS | 27 (13) | 100 (12) | .219 |
| >2 organs | 30 (15) | 229 (26) | <.001 |
| Cardiac stages | |||
| I | 75 (37) | 112 (13) | <.001 |
| II | 98 (48) | 364 (42) | .062 |
| III | 30 (15) | 390 (45) | <.001 |
| PS-ECOG ≥2 | 68 (33) | 480 (55) | <.001 |
| NYHA class 3 | 39 (19) | 351 (40) | <.001 |
| Renal stage | |||
| I | 41 (26) | 176 (33) | .056 |
| II | 75 (48) | 260 (49) | .482 |
| III | 40 (26) | 96 (18) | .024 |
| eGFR <30 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 29 (14) | 119 (14) | .398 |
| eGFR <15 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 7 (3) | 32 (3) | .449 |
| Dialysis at diagnosis | 1 (0.4) | 10 (1) | .224 |
| Involved light-chain type | |||
| κ | 38 (19) | 206 (24) | .070 |
| λ | 165 (81) | 660 (76) | .130 |
| Intact MP | 134 (66) | 411 (47) | <.001 |
| Intact MP concentration, g/L | 11 (3-34) | 11 (1-42) | .183 |
| Bone marrow plasma cells, % | 8 (5-15) | 12 (8-20) | <.001 |
| dFLC >20 mg/L | 117 (59) | — | — |
| Treatment type | |||
| MDex | 67 (33) | 289 (33) | .495 |
| CyBorD | 54 (26) | 191 (22) | .098 |
| BMDex | 20 (10) | 110 (13) | .158 |
| Thalidomide-based regimen | 13 (6) | 71 (8) | .242 |
| ASCT | 6 (3) | 15 (2) | .193 |
| Others | 43 (22) | 190 (22) | .411 |
Values are reported as median (range) number (percentage) of patients. High dFLC is >50 mg/L, and low-dFLC is <50 mg/L. “Thalidomide-based-regimen” indicates cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone or thalidomide and dexamethasone. “Others” indicates cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone, high-dose dexamethasone, melphalan and prednisone, cyclophosphamide-lenalidomide-dexamethasone, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone.
ASCT, autologous stem cell transplant; B, bortezomib; CyBorD, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone; MDex, melphalan-dexamethasone; MP, monoclonal protein; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PNS, peripheral nervous system; PS-ECOG, performance status of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.