Table 4.

Associations between SCD-related vascular complications and the indirect hemolysis index (quartiles 1 to 3 vs quartile 4 of the hemolysis index) in the overall sample, SS-Sβ0, SC, and Sβ+ patients: multivariate analysis

% of patients with the complication depending on hemolysis indexMultivariate analysis*
N event/N totalQuartile 1 to 3Quartile 4ORCI 95%P*P†
Overall sample       
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 115/431 24.0 33.1 1.40 0.78-2.51 .262 .372 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 9/431 1.2 4.3 6.06 0.65-56.16 .112 .226 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 724/1991 29.4 54.8 1.62 1.19-2.21 .003 .106 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 190/2409 6.4 12.3 1.53 0.96-2.43 .071 .199 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 160/1095 13.1 18.4 1.49 0.95-2.33 .083 .267 
 Stroke, lifetime 25/2409 0.8 1.8 1.33 0.49-3.62 .580 .747 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 277/2409 10.6 14.0 1.22 0.85-1.76 .274 .240 
SS-Sβ0phenotype       
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 95/335 25.2 37.8 1.71 0.86-3.40 .127 .226 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 8/335 1.8 4.1 3.51 0.40-30.6 .252 .668 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 573/1351 37.5 56.3 1.42 1.03-1.95 .034 .225 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 166/1751 8.3 12.9 1.50 0.93-2.44 .096 .098 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 126/809 14.6 17.9 1.32 0.80-2.16 .280 .586 
 Stroke, lifetime 23/1751 1.2 1.7 1.01 0.33-3.04 .991 .920 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 209/1751 11.0 14.5 1.25 0.82-1.89 .302 .167 
SC phenotype       
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 16/80 20.7 49.3 1.30 0.34-5.00 .695 .880 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 1/80 1.70 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 93/339 20.7 22.2 0.82 0.46-1.47 .504 .269 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 18/495 3.7 3.3 0.70 0.22-2.26 .549 .423 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 30/218 13.8 13.5 0.85 0.35-2.07 .717 .867 
 Stroke, lifetime 2/495 0.54 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 49/495 9.9 9.9 0.95 0.45-2.03 .899 .960 
Sβ+ phenotype        
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 4/16 13.7 26.7 1.37 0.05-34.5 .831 .384 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 0/16 0.0 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 26/153 13.6 26.7 0.86 0.22-3.42 .835 .470 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 6/161 1.6 9.9 4.52 0.35-58.81 .247 .920 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 4/67 4.3 9.8 0.27 0.01-8.42 .456 .433 
 Stroke, lifetime 0/161 0.0 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 19/161 13.4 7.3 0.15 0.01-2.49 .186 .225 
% of patients with the complication depending on hemolysis indexMultivariate analysis*
N event/N totalQuartile 1 to 3Quartile 4ORCI 95%P*P†
Overall sample       
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 115/431 24.0 33.1 1.40 0.78-2.51 .262 .372 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 9/431 1.2 4.3 6.06 0.65-56.16 .112 .226 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 724/1991 29.4 54.8 1.62 1.19-2.21 .003 .106 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 190/2409 6.4 12.3 1.53 0.96-2.43 .071 .199 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 160/1095 13.1 18.4 1.49 0.95-2.33 .083 .267 
 Stroke, lifetime 25/2409 0.8 1.8 1.33 0.49-3.62 .580 .747 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 277/2409 10.6 14.0 1.22 0.85-1.76 .274 .240 
SS-Sβ0phenotype       
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 95/335 25.2 37.8 1.71 0.86-3.40 .127 .226 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 8/335 1.8 4.1 3.51 0.40-30.6 .252 .668 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 573/1351 37.5 56.3 1.42 1.03-1.95 .034 .225 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 166/1751 8.3 12.9 1.50 0.93-2.44 .096 .098 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 126/809 14.6 17.9 1.32 0.80-2.16 .280 .586 
 Stroke, lifetime 23/1751 1.2 1.7 1.01 0.33-3.04 .991 .920 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 209/1751 11.0 14.5 1.25 0.82-1.89 .302 .167 
SC phenotype       
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 16/80 20.7 49.3 1.30 0.34-5.00 .695 .880 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 1/80 1.70 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 93/339 20.7 22.2 0.82 0.46-1.47 .504 .269 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 18/495 3.7 3.3 0.70 0.22-2.26 .549 .423 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 30/218 13.8 13.5 0.85 0.35-2.07 .717 .867 
 Stroke, lifetime 2/495 0.54 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 49/495 9.9 9.9 0.95 0.45-2.03 .899 .960 
Sβ+ phenotype        
 TRV >2.5 m/s‡ 4/16 13.7 26.7 1.37 0.05-34.5 .831 .384 
 TRV >3 m/s‡ 0/16 0.0 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Urine ACR >30 mg/g§ 26/153 13.6 26.7 0.86 0.22-3.42 .835 .470 
 Leg ulcer, lifetime 6/161 1.6 9.9 4.52 0.35-58.81 .247 .920 
 Priapism, lifetime‖ 4/67 4.3 9.8 0.27 0.01-8.42 .456 .433 
 Stroke, lifetime 0/161 0.0 0.0 NA NA NA NA 
 Osteonecrosis, lifetime 19/161 13.4 7.3 0.15 0.01-2.49 .186 .225 
*

Adjustment for age, sex, country, plus SCD phenotype for the overall sample.

†

Plus adjustment for Hb.

‡

Percentages calculated for patients from Mali and Cameroon only.

§

Additional adjustment for the laboratory technique used.

‖

Percentages calculated for males only.

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