Summary of parameters for HSC generation reported to date
| Approach . | Species . | Starting cell type . | Factors or conditions . | Hematopoietic differentiation potential . | Engraftment in vivo . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES cells | S17 or C166 coculture | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic | No | 17 |
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES cells | BMP-4, hematopoietic cytokines | Myeloid/erythroid | No | 16 |
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES cells | OP9 coculture | Myeloid/erythroid/NK cell/B lymphoid | No | 18 |
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES and iPS cells | Activin/nodal; Wnt/β-catenin signaling manipulation | Myeloid/erythroid/T lymphoid | No | 39,40 |
| Directed differentiation | Human, mouse | iPS cells | In vivo teratoma formation | Myeloid/erythroid/B and T lymphoid | LT | 42,43 |
| Directed differentiation, direct conversion | Mouse | ES cells, yolk sac progenitors | HoxB4 | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic/B and T lymphoid | LT | 25 |
| Direct conversion | Mouse | Fibroblast | Gata2, Gfi1b, cFos, and Etv6; | Myeloid | No | 59 |
| Erg, Gata2, Lmo2, Runx1c, and Scl | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic | Short-term | 60 | |||
| Direct conversion | Human | Umbilical vein and adult endothelial cells | FOSB, GFI1, RUNX1, and SPI1; E4EC coculture | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic/NK cell/B lymphoid | LT | 61 |
| Direct conversion | Mouse | Pro-B cells, myeloid cells | Hlf, Lmo2, Pbx1, Prdm5, Runx1t1, and Zfp37 | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic/B and T lymphoid | LT | 62 |
| Direct conversion | Human | ES and iPS cells | ETV2 and GATA2; GATA2 and TAL1 | Myeloid; Erythroid/megakaryocytic | No | 63 |
| Directed differentiation, direct conversion | Human | ES and iPS cells | HOXA9, ERG, RORA, SOX4, MYB | Myeloid/erythroid | Short-term | 64 |
| Approach . | Species . | Starting cell type . | Factors or conditions . | Hematopoietic differentiation potential . | Engraftment in vivo . | Reference . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES cells | S17 or C166 coculture | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic | No | 17 |
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES cells | BMP-4, hematopoietic cytokines | Myeloid/erythroid | No | 16 |
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES cells | OP9 coculture | Myeloid/erythroid/NK cell/B lymphoid | No | 18 |
| Directed differentiation | Human | ES and iPS cells | Activin/nodal; Wnt/β-catenin signaling manipulation | Myeloid/erythroid/T lymphoid | No | 39,40 |
| Directed differentiation | Human, mouse | iPS cells | In vivo teratoma formation | Myeloid/erythroid/B and T lymphoid | LT | 42,43 |
| Directed differentiation, direct conversion | Mouse | ES cells, yolk sac progenitors | HoxB4 | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic/B and T lymphoid | LT | 25 |
| Direct conversion | Mouse | Fibroblast | Gata2, Gfi1b, cFos, and Etv6; | Myeloid | No | 59 |
| Erg, Gata2, Lmo2, Runx1c, and Scl | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic | Short-term | 60 | |||
| Direct conversion | Human | Umbilical vein and adult endothelial cells | FOSB, GFI1, RUNX1, and SPI1; E4EC coculture | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic/NK cell/B lymphoid | LT | 61 |
| Direct conversion | Mouse | Pro-B cells, myeloid cells | Hlf, Lmo2, Pbx1, Prdm5, Runx1t1, and Zfp37 | Myeloid/erythroid/megakaryocytic/B and T lymphoid | LT | 62 |
| Direct conversion | Human | ES and iPS cells | ETV2 and GATA2; GATA2 and TAL1 | Myeloid; Erythroid/megakaryocytic | No | 63 |
| Directed differentiation, direct conversion | Human | ES and iPS cells | HOXA9, ERG, RORA, SOX4, MYB | Myeloid/erythroid | Short-term | 64 |
BMP-4, bone morphogenetic protein-4.