Preclinical injury models showing beneficial effects of wt-APC
Model . | Trigger . | End point . | APC’s effects . | Reference . |
---|---|---|---|---|
Thrombus formation | Procoagulant trigger | Thrombus size | Reduction | 52, 53 |
Thrombus resolution | Existing thrombosis | Thrombus size | Accelerated reduction | 54 |
Sepsis | Endotoxin; bacteremia | Death; inflammation | Reduction | 1, 55 |
Cerebral I/R | Ischemia | Infarction; swelling; neurologic score | Reduction | 6, 56-58 |
Cardiac I/R | Ischemia | Infarction; death | Reduction | 59-63 |
Kidney I/R | Ischemia | Death | Reduction | 4 |
Retina I/R | Ischemia | Microvascular circulation | Improved | 64 |
Liver I/R | Ischemia | Organ function | Improvement | 65 |
Lung injury | Asthma; bacteria | Pulmonary function; inflammation; death | Reduction; prevent death | 1 |
Intestinal injury | DSS-induced colitis | Healing | Reduction | 1, 66, 67 |
Type I diabetes | Diabetes propensity | Incidence; pancreatic islets | Reduction; increase | 16, 68, 69 |
Nephropathy | Diabetes | Kidney damage | Reduction | 16, 70, 71 |
Islet transplant | Diabetes | Cell count; glucose level | Improvement | 72 |
Liver transplant | Surgery | Organ function | Improvement | 73 |
Wound healing | Skin injury | Healing | Promotion | 14, 74 |
Angiogenesis | varied | Vessel growth | Promotion | 17, 75 |
Total body radiation | Lethal radiation | Death | Reduction | 76 |
Traumatic brain injury | Controlled cortical impact | Infarction; angiogenesis; neurogenesis | Reduce damage; promote healing | 77 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | SOD1 mutation | Symptom onset; death | Reduction | 24 |
EAE | Immunogen | Clinical score | Improvement | 78 |
Neurogenesis | Ischemia | Neuron growth | Increase | 17 |
Ebola virus disease | Infection | Death; time to death | Reduction; delayed | 79 |
Postsurgical adhesion band | Surgery | Adhesion bands | Reduced | 80 |
Model . | Trigger . | End point . | APC’s effects . | Reference . |
---|---|---|---|---|
Thrombus formation | Procoagulant trigger | Thrombus size | Reduction | 52, 53 |
Thrombus resolution | Existing thrombosis | Thrombus size | Accelerated reduction | 54 |
Sepsis | Endotoxin; bacteremia | Death; inflammation | Reduction | 1, 55 |
Cerebral I/R | Ischemia | Infarction; swelling; neurologic score | Reduction | 6, 56-58 |
Cardiac I/R | Ischemia | Infarction; death | Reduction | 59-63 |
Kidney I/R | Ischemia | Death | Reduction | 4 |
Retina I/R | Ischemia | Microvascular circulation | Improved | 64 |
Liver I/R | Ischemia | Organ function | Improvement | 65 |
Lung injury | Asthma; bacteria | Pulmonary function; inflammation; death | Reduction; prevent death | 1 |
Intestinal injury | DSS-induced colitis | Healing | Reduction | 1, 66, 67 |
Type I diabetes | Diabetes propensity | Incidence; pancreatic islets | Reduction; increase | 16, 68, 69 |
Nephropathy | Diabetes | Kidney damage | Reduction | 16, 70, 71 |
Islet transplant | Diabetes | Cell count; glucose level | Improvement | 72 |
Liver transplant | Surgery | Organ function | Improvement | 73 |
Wound healing | Skin injury | Healing | Promotion | 14, 74 |
Angiogenesis | varied | Vessel growth | Promotion | 17, 75 |
Total body radiation | Lethal radiation | Death | Reduction | 76 |
Traumatic brain injury | Controlled cortical impact | Infarction; angiogenesis; neurogenesis | Reduce damage; promote healing | 77 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | SOD1 mutation | Symptom onset; death | Reduction | 24 |
EAE | Immunogen | Clinical score | Improvement | 78 |
Neurogenesis | Ischemia | Neuron growth | Increase | 17 |
Ebola virus disease | Infection | Death; time to death | Reduction; delayed | 79 |
Postsurgical adhesion band | Surgery | Adhesion bands | Reduced | 80 |
DSS, dextran sodium sulfate; EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion.