Table 1

Preclinical injury models showing beneficial effects of wt-APC

ModelTriggerEnd pointAPC’s effectsReference
Thrombus formation Procoagulant trigger Thrombus size Reduction 52, 53 
Thrombus resolution Existing thrombosis Thrombus size Accelerated reduction 54 
Sepsis Endotoxin; bacteremia Death; inflammation Reduction 1, 55 
Cerebral I/R Ischemia Infarction; swelling; neurologic score Reduction 6, 56-58 
Cardiac I/R Ischemia Infarction; death Reduction 59-63 
Kidney I/R Ischemia Death Reduction 
Retina I/R Ischemia Microvascular circulation Improved 64 
Liver I/R Ischemia Organ function Improvement 65 
Lung injury Asthma; bacteria Pulmonary function; inflammation; death Reduction; prevent death 
Intestinal injury DSS-induced colitis Healing Reduction 1, 66, 67 
Type I diabetes Diabetes propensity Incidence; pancreatic islets Reduction; increase 16, 68, 69 
Nephropathy Diabetes Kidney damage Reduction 16, 70, 71 
Islet transplant Diabetes Cell count; glucose level Improvement 72 
Liver transplant Surgery Organ function Improvement 73 
Wound healing Skin injury Healing Promotion 14, 74 
Angiogenesis varied Vessel growth Promotion 17, 75 
Total body radiation Lethal radiation Death Reduction 76 
Traumatic brain injury Controlled cortical impact Infarction; angiogenesis; neurogenesis Reduce damage; promote healing 77 
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SOD1 mutation Symptom onset; death Reduction 24 
EAE Immunogen Clinical score Improvement 78 
Neurogenesis Ischemia Neuron growth Increase 17 
Ebola virus disease Infection Death; time to death Reduction; delayed 79 
Postsurgical adhesion band Surgery Adhesion bands Reduced 80 
ModelTriggerEnd pointAPC’s effectsReference
Thrombus formation Procoagulant trigger Thrombus size Reduction 52, 53 
Thrombus resolution Existing thrombosis Thrombus size Accelerated reduction 54 
Sepsis Endotoxin; bacteremia Death; inflammation Reduction 1, 55 
Cerebral I/R Ischemia Infarction; swelling; neurologic score Reduction 6, 56-58 
Cardiac I/R Ischemia Infarction; death Reduction 59-63 
Kidney I/R Ischemia Death Reduction 
Retina I/R Ischemia Microvascular circulation Improved 64 
Liver I/R Ischemia Organ function Improvement 65 
Lung injury Asthma; bacteria Pulmonary function; inflammation; death Reduction; prevent death 
Intestinal injury DSS-induced colitis Healing Reduction 1, 66, 67 
Type I diabetes Diabetes propensity Incidence; pancreatic islets Reduction; increase 16, 68, 69 
Nephropathy Diabetes Kidney damage Reduction 16, 70, 71 
Islet transplant Diabetes Cell count; glucose level Improvement 72 
Liver transplant Surgery Organ function Improvement 73 
Wound healing Skin injury Healing Promotion 14, 74 
Angiogenesis varied Vessel growth Promotion 17, 75 
Total body radiation Lethal radiation Death Reduction 76 
Traumatic brain injury Controlled cortical impact Infarction; angiogenesis; neurogenesis Reduce damage; promote healing 77 
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SOD1 mutation Symptom onset; death Reduction 24 
EAE Immunogen Clinical score Improvement 78 
Neurogenesis Ischemia Neuron growth Increase 17 
Ebola virus disease Infection Death; time to death Reduction; delayed 79 
Postsurgical adhesion band Surgery Adhesion bands Reduced 80 

DSS, dextran sodium sulfate; EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion.

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