Hp gene frequencies in controls and severe malaria cases
| Groups . | All genotypes . | Hp 1-1 . | Hp 2-1 . | Hp 2-2 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls | 1220 | 361 (29.6) | 590 (48.4) | 269 (22.0) |
| Case patients with severe malaria | 996 | 312 (31.3) | 423 (42.5) | 261 (26.2) |
| Severe malaria syndromes | ||||
| Cerebral malaria, coma* | 528/995 (53.1) | 172 (32.6) | 224 (42.4) | 132 (25.0) |
| Prostration† | 237/992 (23.9) | 75 (31.7) | 97 (40.9) | 65 (27.4) |
| Deep breathing‡ | 412/995 (41.4) | 137 (33.3) | 172 (41.7) | 103 (25.0) |
| Coma and deep breathing | 211/995 (21.2) | 68 (32.2) | 86 (40.8) | 57 (27.0) |
| Metabolic acidosis§ | 542/891 (60.8) | 186 (34.3) | 216 (39.9) | 140 (25.8) |
| Symptomatic SMA¶ | 224/993 (22.6) | 70 (31.3) | 96 (42.9) | 58 (25.9) |
| Fatal outcome|| | 94/996 (9.4) | 20 (21.3) | 47 (50.0) | 27 (28.7) |
| Groups . | All genotypes . | Hp 1-1 . | Hp 2-1 . | Hp 2-2 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls | 1220 | 361 (29.6) | 590 (48.4) | 269 (22.0) |
| Case patients with severe malaria | 996 | 312 (31.3) | 423 (42.5) | 261 (26.2) |
| Severe malaria syndromes | ||||
| Cerebral malaria, coma* | 528/995 (53.1) | 172 (32.6) | 224 (42.4) | 132 (25.0) |
| Prostration† | 237/992 (23.9) | 75 (31.7) | 97 (40.9) | 65 (27.4) |
| Deep breathing‡ | 412/995 (41.4) | 137 (33.3) | 172 (41.7) | 103 (25.0) |
| Coma and deep breathing | 211/995 (21.2) | 68 (32.2) | 86 (40.8) | 57 (27.0) |
| Metabolic acidosis§ | 542/891 (60.8) | 186 (34.3) | 216 (39.9) | 140 (25.8) |
| Symptomatic SMA¶ | 224/993 (22.6) | 70 (31.3) | 96 (42.9) | 58 (25.9) |
| Fatal outcome|| | 94/996 (9.4) | 20 (21.3) | 47 (50.0) | 27 (28.7) |
Because children may manifest multiple complications of severe malaria, some subjects contributed data to more than one clinical subgroup. Figures are number (and percentage) of group manifesting clinical characteristic.
Defined as Blantyre coma score of ≤2.
Defined as Blantyre coma score of 3 to 4.
Defined as previously described.30
Defined as a base deficit >8 mM.
Hb <5 g/dL, falciparum malaria, and one or more complications of coma, prostration, deep breathing, or acidosis.
Deaths in hospital after admission.