Effect of lifestyle-related risk factors with SVT on the risk of VT subtypes
| . | . | Patients, n (%) . | Controls, n (%) . | DVT only OR (95% CI) . | DVT with PE OR (95% CI) . | PE only OR (95% CI) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SVT history | Mild VT risk factor* | |||||
| Negative | No | 529 (10) | 1219 (17) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 3347 (80) | 4425 (81) | 1.7 (1.5-2.0) | 1.8 (1.3-2.5) | 1.6 (1.4-1.9) |
| Positive | No | 38 (1) | 20 (0.5) | 4.1 (2.2-7.7) | 7.4 (2.5-21.8) | 3.2 (1.5-6.8) |
| Positive | Yes | 376 (9) | 90 (1.5) | 11.5 (8.7-15.4) | 14.2 (8.3-24.4) | 6.0 (4.3-8.5) |
| SVT history | Smoking* | |||||
| Negative | No | 1329 (31) | 2231 (39) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 2510 (59) | 3357 (59) | 1.2 (1.1-1.4) | 1.1 (0.8-1.3) | 1.4 (1.2-1.6) |
| Positive | No | 139 (3) | 51 (1) | 4.0 (2.6-6.2) | 4.0 (1.9-8.3) | 3.0 (1.8-5.0) |
| Positive | Yes | 275 (7) | 59 (1) | 7.2 (5.1-10.1) | 6.5 (3.7-11.5) | 4.6 (3.0-7.0) |
| SVT history | Overweight/Obesity† | |||||
| Negative | No | 1423 (34) | 2692 (49) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 2319 (56) | 2728 (49) | 1.6 (1.5-1.8) | 1.9 (1.5-2.4) | 1.4 (1.3-1.6) |
| Positive | No | 132 (3) | 50 (1) | 4.2 (2.8-6.6) | 5.2 (2.3-11.8) | 4.0 (2.5-6.5) |
| Positive | Yes | 282 (7) | 60 (1) | 10.1 (7.1-14.2) | 12.9 (7.3-23.0) | 4.7 (3.1-7.1) |
| SVT history | Strong VT risk factor‡ | |||||
| Negative | No | 2668 (62) | 5319 (92) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 1208 (28) | 325 (6) | 7.1 (6.2-8.2) | 5.8 (4.5-7.6) | 8.2 (7.0-9.6) |
| Positive | No | 301 (7) | 103 (1.5) | 6.7 (5.2-8.5) | 6.1 (4.0-9.4) | 4.0 (2.9-5.5) |
| Positive | Yes | 113 (3) | 7 (0.5) | 32.8 (15.0-71.7) | 34.7 (13.6-88.5) | 27.8 (12.2-63.0) |
| SVT history | Surgery§ | |||||
| Negative | No | 3233 (75) | 5480 (95) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 643 (15) | 164 (3) | 6.0 (4.9-7.4) | 4.2 (2.9-6.1) | 6.3 (5.0-7.8) |
| Positive | No | 351 (8) | 108 (2) | 5.3 (4.0-6.9) | 5.6 (3.5-8.8) | 3.5 (2.5-4.9) |
| Positive | Yes | 63 (2) | 2 (0) | 47.5 (11.2-201.4) | 32.3 (6.0-173.2) | 30.0 (6.4-141.0) |
| SVT history | Hospitalization§ | |||||
| Negative | No | 3188 (74) | 5492 (95) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 688 (16) | 152 (3) | 5.8 (4.7-7.2) | 5.3 (3.7-7.6) | 8.7 (7.0-10.8) |
| Positive | No | 356 (8) | 108 (2) | 5.4 (4.1-7.1) | 5.4 (3.3-8.6) | 3.6 (2.5-5.0) |
| Positive | Yes | 58 (2) | 2 (0) | 45.1 (10.4-195.3) | 44.4 (8.7-226.0) | 45.8 (10.0-208.8) |
| SVT history | Plaster cast|| | |||||
| Negative | No | 3696 (86) | 5614 (97) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 180 (4) | 30 (1) | 11.8 (7.7-18.1) | 9.5 (4.9-18.2) | 6.8 (4.0-11.4) |
| Positive | No | 404 (9) | 109 (2) | 5.5 (4.2-7.2) | 5.8 (3.7-9.1) | 3.5 (2.6-4.9) |
| Positive | Yes | 10 (1) | 1 (0) | 20.6 (2.4-177.2) | 27.0 (1.7-439.5) | 2.7 (0.2-46.5) |
| SVT history | Malignancy† | |||||
| Negative | No | 3519 (82) | 5544 (95) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 357 (8) | 100 (2) | 5.2 (4.0-6.7) | 4.1 (2.6-6.5) | 6.1 (4.6-8.0) |
| Positive | No | 384 (9) | 106 (2) | 5.6 (4.3-7.3) | 6.1 (3.9-9.6) | 3.6 (2.6-4.9) |
| Positive | Yes | 30 (1) | 4 (1) | 7.6 (2.4-24.3) | 11.5 (2.6-51.1) | 14.9 (4.7-47.3) |
| . | . | Patients, n (%) . | Controls, n (%) . | DVT only OR (95% CI) . | DVT with PE OR (95% CI) . | PE only OR (95% CI) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SVT history | Mild VT risk factor* | |||||
| Negative | No | 529 (10) | 1219 (17) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 3347 (80) | 4425 (81) | 1.7 (1.5-2.0) | 1.8 (1.3-2.5) | 1.6 (1.4-1.9) |
| Positive | No | 38 (1) | 20 (0.5) | 4.1 (2.2-7.7) | 7.4 (2.5-21.8) | 3.2 (1.5-6.8) |
| Positive | Yes | 376 (9) | 90 (1.5) | 11.5 (8.7-15.4) | 14.2 (8.3-24.4) | 6.0 (4.3-8.5) |
| SVT history | Smoking* | |||||
| Negative | No | 1329 (31) | 2231 (39) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 2510 (59) | 3357 (59) | 1.2 (1.1-1.4) | 1.1 (0.8-1.3) | 1.4 (1.2-1.6) |
| Positive | No | 139 (3) | 51 (1) | 4.0 (2.6-6.2) | 4.0 (1.9-8.3) | 3.0 (1.8-5.0) |
| Positive | Yes | 275 (7) | 59 (1) | 7.2 (5.1-10.1) | 6.5 (3.7-11.5) | 4.6 (3.0-7.0) |
| SVT history | Overweight/Obesity† | |||||
| Negative | No | 1423 (34) | 2692 (49) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 2319 (56) | 2728 (49) | 1.6 (1.5-1.8) | 1.9 (1.5-2.4) | 1.4 (1.3-1.6) |
| Positive | No | 132 (3) | 50 (1) | 4.2 (2.8-6.6) | 5.2 (2.3-11.8) | 4.0 (2.5-6.5) |
| Positive | Yes | 282 (7) | 60 (1) | 10.1 (7.1-14.2) | 12.9 (7.3-23.0) | 4.7 (3.1-7.1) |
| SVT history | Strong VT risk factor‡ | |||||
| Negative | No | 2668 (62) | 5319 (92) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 1208 (28) | 325 (6) | 7.1 (6.2-8.2) | 5.8 (4.5-7.6) | 8.2 (7.0-9.6) |
| Positive | No | 301 (7) | 103 (1.5) | 6.7 (5.2-8.5) | 6.1 (4.0-9.4) | 4.0 (2.9-5.5) |
| Positive | Yes | 113 (3) | 7 (0.5) | 32.8 (15.0-71.7) | 34.7 (13.6-88.5) | 27.8 (12.2-63.0) |
| SVT history | Surgery§ | |||||
| Negative | No | 3233 (75) | 5480 (95) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 643 (15) | 164 (3) | 6.0 (4.9-7.4) | 4.2 (2.9-6.1) | 6.3 (5.0-7.8) |
| Positive | No | 351 (8) | 108 (2) | 5.3 (4.0-6.9) | 5.6 (3.5-8.8) | 3.5 (2.5-4.9) |
| Positive | Yes | 63 (2) | 2 (0) | 47.5 (11.2-201.4) | 32.3 (6.0-173.2) | 30.0 (6.4-141.0) |
| SVT history | Hospitalization§ | |||||
| Negative | No | 3188 (74) | 5492 (95) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 688 (16) | 152 (3) | 5.8 (4.7-7.2) | 5.3 (3.7-7.6) | 8.7 (7.0-10.8) |
| Positive | No | 356 (8) | 108 (2) | 5.4 (4.1-7.1) | 5.4 (3.3-8.6) | 3.6 (2.5-5.0) |
| Positive | Yes | 58 (2) | 2 (0) | 45.1 (10.4-195.3) | 44.4 (8.7-226.0) | 45.8 (10.0-208.8) |
| SVT history | Plaster cast|| | |||||
| Negative | No | 3696 (86) | 5614 (97) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 180 (4) | 30 (1) | 11.8 (7.7-18.1) | 9.5 (4.9-18.2) | 6.8 (4.0-11.4) |
| Positive | No | 404 (9) | 109 (2) | 5.5 (4.2-7.2) | 5.8 (3.7-9.1) | 3.5 (2.6-4.9) |
| Positive | Yes | 10 (1) | 1 (0) | 20.6 (2.4-177.2) | 27.0 (1.7-439.5) | 2.7 (0.2-46.5) |
| SVT history | Malignancy† | |||||
| Negative | No | 3519 (82) | 5544 (95) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Negative | Yes | 357 (8) | 100 (2) | 5.2 (4.0-6.7) | 4.1 (2.6-6.5) | 6.1 (4.6-8.0) |
| Positive | No | 384 (9) | 106 (2) | 5.6 (4.3-7.3) | 6.1 (3.9-9.6) | 3.6 (2.6-4.9) |
| Positive | Yes | 30 (1) | 4 (1) | 7.6 (2.4-24.3) | 11.5 (2.6-51.1) | 14.9 (4.7-47.3) |
Mild risk factors defined as smoking or obesity, strong risk factors as surgery, hospitalization, plaster cast immobilization, or malignancy. All ORs for SVT alone and SVT combined with a lifestyle-related risk factor were adjusted, where applicable, for age, sex, BMI, smoking, malignancy, family history of VT, and female hormone use. All ORs for the separate risk factors were adjusted for age and sex.
DVT, deep vein thrombosis; OR, odds ratio; PE, pulmonary embolism; VT, venous thrombosis.
BMI-adjusted risk factors for all ORs.
Smoking-adjusted risk factors for all ORs.
Smoking- and BMI-adjusted risk factors for all ORs.
Smoking-, BMI-, and malignancy-adjusted risk factors for all ORs.
Physical activity–adjusted risk factors for all ORs.