Characteristics of differing hIL-6 and vIL-6 flare profiles
| . | hIL-6 and vIL-6 . | hIL-6 only . | vIL-6 only . | Neither* . | P† . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Episodes | 13 | 17 | 2 | 2 | NA |
| Clinical manifestations | |||||
| Symptom severity‡ (median, Range) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-2) | 2 (2-2) | NA |
| Respiratory symptoms§ | 8 (61.5%) | 10 (58.8%) | 1 (50%) | 2 (100%) | 1.0 |
| Gastrointestinal Symptoms§ | 8 (61.5%) | 12 (70.5%) | 2 (100%) | 1 (50%) | .71 |
| Active KS§ | 4 (30.8%) | 6 (35.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
| Temperature (°C) (median, mange) | 38.4 (36.4-39.4) | 38.0 (36.2-40.5) | 37.6 (36.1-39.0) | 36.8 (36.6-36.9) | .26 |
| Laboratory manifestations(median, range) | |||||
| CRP (mg/L) | 140.5 (70.7-339.5) | 55.9 (6.3-157.2) | 68.2 (10.8-125.6) | 14.8 (14.6-14.9) | .0009 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 9.3 (6.8-14.4) | 10.3 (6.8-12.2) | 9.2 (7.4-10.9) | 9.3 (8.7-9.9) | .58 |
| Leukocytes (103 cells/L) | 4.7 (1.3-63.3) | 5.5 (1.8-15.7) | 6.9 (6.3-7.6) | 5.7 (1.0-10.3) | .22 |
| Platelets (103 cells/L) | 73 (6-377) | 132 (27.4-567) | 149 (36-262) | 118 (97-140) | .057 |
| Sodium (mEg/L) | 130 (127-143) | 135 (129-141) | 131 (129-134) | 133 (132-134) | .02 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 2.7 (1.2-3.5) | 2.7 (1.7-3.3) | 2.8 (1.7-3.9) | 2.3 (2.0-2.6) | .55 |
| KSHV VL and flare-associated cytokine levels | |||||
| KSHV VL (copies/106 PBMCs) | 45 333 (2600-3 913 043) | 9167 (0-303 030) | 15 276 (9863-20 690) | 26 717 (4545-48 889) | .016 |
| vIL-6 (pg/mL) | 4725 (2575-20 497) | <1560 (NA) | 11 397 (9863-12 931) | <1560 (NA) | <.0001 |
| hIL-6 (pg/mL) | 50 (7.6-171.5) | 23.8 (5.9-68.6) | 2.2 (1.4-3.0) | 2.9 (2.1-3.6) | .06 |
| IL-1 (pg/mL) | 1.4 (0.29-11.3) | 1.66 (0.35-5.30) | 0.3 (0.0-0.5) | 0.4 (0.1-0.7) | .94 |
| IL-5 (pg/mL) | 0.4 (0.1-3.5) | 1.5 (0.1-15.4) | 0.3 (0.0-0.5) | 0.4 (0.1-0.7) | .009 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 2 196 (309.9-85 858) | 156.3 (5.6-18 715) | 27.2 (2.8-51.6) | 604.4 (591.9-617.2) | .012 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 34.5 (16.4-90.4) | 28.97 (9.78-90.8) | 8.3 (7.9-8.7) | 20.9 (19.7-22.1) | .51 |
| . | hIL-6 and vIL-6 . | hIL-6 only . | vIL-6 only . | Neither* . | P† . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Episodes | 13 | 17 | 2 | 2 | NA |
| Clinical manifestations | |||||
| Symptom severity‡ (median, Range) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-2) | 2 (2-2) | NA |
| Respiratory symptoms§ | 8 (61.5%) | 10 (58.8%) | 1 (50%) | 2 (100%) | 1.0 |
| Gastrointestinal Symptoms§ | 8 (61.5%) | 12 (70.5%) | 2 (100%) | 1 (50%) | .71 |
| Active KS§ | 4 (30.8%) | 6 (35.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
| Temperature (°C) (median, mange) | 38.4 (36.4-39.4) | 38.0 (36.2-40.5) | 37.6 (36.1-39.0) | 36.8 (36.6-36.9) | .26 |
| Laboratory manifestations(median, range) | |||||
| CRP (mg/L) | 140.5 (70.7-339.5) | 55.9 (6.3-157.2) | 68.2 (10.8-125.6) | 14.8 (14.6-14.9) | .0009 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 9.3 (6.8-14.4) | 10.3 (6.8-12.2) | 9.2 (7.4-10.9) | 9.3 (8.7-9.9) | .58 |
| Leukocytes (103 cells/L) | 4.7 (1.3-63.3) | 5.5 (1.8-15.7) | 6.9 (6.3-7.6) | 5.7 (1.0-10.3) | .22 |
| Platelets (103 cells/L) | 73 (6-377) | 132 (27.4-567) | 149 (36-262) | 118 (97-140) | .057 |
| Sodium (mEg/L) | 130 (127-143) | 135 (129-141) | 131 (129-134) | 133 (132-134) | .02 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 2.7 (1.2-3.5) | 2.7 (1.7-3.3) | 2.8 (1.7-3.9) | 2.3 (2.0-2.6) | .55 |
| KSHV VL and flare-associated cytokine levels | |||||
| KSHV VL (copies/106 PBMCs) | 45 333 (2600-3 913 043) | 9167 (0-303 030) | 15 276 (9863-20 690) | 26 717 (4545-48 889) | .016 |
| vIL-6 (pg/mL) | 4725 (2575-20 497) | <1560 (NA) | 11 397 (9863-12 931) | <1560 (NA) | <.0001 |
| hIL-6 (pg/mL) | 50 (7.6-171.5) | 23.8 (5.9-68.6) | 2.2 (1.4-3.0) | 2.9 (2.1-3.6) | .06 |
| IL-1 (pg/mL) | 1.4 (0.29-11.3) | 1.66 (0.35-5.30) | 0.3 (0.0-0.5) | 0.4 (0.1-0.7) | .94 |
| IL-5 (pg/mL) | 0.4 (0.1-3.5) | 1.5 (0.1-15.4) | 0.3 (0.0-0.5) | 0.4 (0.1-0.7) | .009 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 2 196 (309.9-85 858) | 156.3 (5.6-18 715) | 27.2 (2.8-51.6) | 604.4 (591.9-617.2) | .012 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 34.5 (16.4-90.4) | 28.97 (9.78-90.8) | 8.3 (7.9-8.7) | 20.9 (19.7-22.1) | .51 |
hIL-6 but not vIL-6 became elevated after the onset of both of these flares.
Comparisons are made between the human plus vIL-6– and hIL-6–only groups, because of the small number of episodes in other groups.
Worst symptom attributable to KSHV-MCD present, including fever, scored using Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0.
Number and proportion of episodes where present.