Table 1

Summary of mouse models with distinct hematopoietic phenotypes

Mice/allelesp53 activity, %Mdm2 dosage, %Mdm4 dosage, %PhenotypeReferences
Wt 100 100 100 Normal — 
p53+/− 50 100 100 Tumor prone after IR 58  
p53−/− 0 100 100 Tumor prone, increases in the number and proliferation of HSCs, radioresistant 33,34,53,58  
p53R172P ∼ 50 100 100 Tumor prone, undergo cell cycle arrest but not apoptosis, radioresistant 32  
p53R172H 0 100 100 Transcriptionaly null, tumor prone, radioresistant 35,36  
p53S18A < 100 100 100 Compromised apoptosis in thymocytes 139  
p53S23A < 100 100 100 Homozygous mice develop B-cell lineage tumors, decreased apoptosis in thymocytes 140  
p53S18AS23A < 100 100 100 Tumor prone, no apoptosis after IR in thymocytes 141  
p53T21AT23A > 100 100 100 Small, lymphopenic, low HSCs, aging phenotype, radiosensitive 81  
p537KR > 100 100 100 Higher p53 activity after IR, low HSCs at baseline, radiosensitive 82  
Super p53 > 100 100 100 Radiosensitive 83  
Mdm2+/− > 100 50 100 Radiosensitive, delayed lymphomagenesis in Eμ-Myc background 70,91  
Mdm2−/− > 100 0 100 Embryo lethal because of enhanced apoptosis 87,88  
Mdm2Puro/Δ7-12 > 100 ∼30 100 Small, lymphopenic, hypocellular spleen, thymus and bone marrow; radiosensitive 84  
Mdm2−/−p53P/R172P/R172P ∼ 50 0 100 Died at weaning of hematopoietic defects 110,112  
Mdm2Tg < 100 > 100 100 Tumor prone, more sarcomas 44  
Mdm2SNP309G < 100 > 100 100 Early-onset tumors 94  
Mdmx−/− > 100 100 0 Embryo lethal because of proliferation defects 95,96  
Mdmx+/− 100 100 50 Radiosensitive, delayed lymphomagenesis in Eμ-Myc background 70  
Mdm4+/ΔRING 100 100 100 Homozygous mice lethal, radioresistant 98  
Mdmx3SA 100 100 100 Radioresistant at 10 Gy 97  
Mdm2+/−Mdm4+/− > 100 50 50 Lethal by weaning, hematopoietic defects 70  
Mdm2+/−Mdm4+/−p53+/− 50 50 50 developmentally normal 70  
p21−/− 100 100 100 Normal, late tumors, radioresistant in C57BL/6 background, sensitive in mixed strain background 103,104  
Puma−/− 100 100 100 Normal, radioresistant 142,143  
Mice/allelesp53 activity, %Mdm2 dosage, %Mdm4 dosage, %PhenotypeReferences
Wt 100 100 100 Normal — 
p53+/− 50 100 100 Tumor prone after IR 58  
p53−/− 0 100 100 Tumor prone, increases in the number and proliferation of HSCs, radioresistant 33,34,53,58  
p53R172P ∼ 50 100 100 Tumor prone, undergo cell cycle arrest but not apoptosis, radioresistant 32  
p53R172H 0 100 100 Transcriptionaly null, tumor prone, radioresistant 35,36  
p53S18A < 100 100 100 Compromised apoptosis in thymocytes 139  
p53S23A < 100 100 100 Homozygous mice develop B-cell lineage tumors, decreased apoptosis in thymocytes 140  
p53S18AS23A < 100 100 100 Tumor prone, no apoptosis after IR in thymocytes 141  
p53T21AT23A > 100 100 100 Small, lymphopenic, low HSCs, aging phenotype, radiosensitive 81  
p537KR > 100 100 100 Higher p53 activity after IR, low HSCs at baseline, radiosensitive 82  
Super p53 > 100 100 100 Radiosensitive 83  
Mdm2+/− > 100 50 100 Radiosensitive, delayed lymphomagenesis in Eμ-Myc background 70,91  
Mdm2−/− > 100 0 100 Embryo lethal because of enhanced apoptosis 87,88  
Mdm2Puro/Δ7-12 > 100 ∼30 100 Small, lymphopenic, hypocellular spleen, thymus and bone marrow; radiosensitive 84  
Mdm2−/−p53P/R172P/R172P ∼ 50 0 100 Died at weaning of hematopoietic defects 110,112  
Mdm2Tg < 100 > 100 100 Tumor prone, more sarcomas 44  
Mdm2SNP309G < 100 > 100 100 Early-onset tumors 94  
Mdmx−/− > 100 100 0 Embryo lethal because of proliferation defects 95,96  
Mdmx+/− 100 100 50 Radiosensitive, delayed lymphomagenesis in Eμ-Myc background 70  
Mdm4+/ΔRING 100 100 100 Homozygous mice lethal, radioresistant 98  
Mdmx3SA 100 100 100 Radioresistant at 10 Gy 97  
Mdm2+/−Mdm4+/− > 100 50 50 Lethal by weaning, hematopoietic defects 70  
Mdm2+/−Mdm4+/−p53+/− 50 50 50 developmentally normal 70  
p21−/− 100 100 100 Normal, late tumors, radioresistant in C57BL/6 background, sensitive in mixed strain background 103,104  
Puma−/− 100 100 100 Normal, radioresistant 142,143  

— indicates not applicable.

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