Table 1 T cells with suppressive... | American Society of Hematology

Table 1

T cells with suppressive properties are summarized

Regulatory/suppressor T cells
Cell type	Phenotype	Suggested immunosuppressive mechanisms
CD4⁺
nTreg	CD25 + FOXP3 + 45RO⁺ CTLA-4⁺ GITR⁺CD134⁺CD62L⁺CD103⁺ lymphocyte activation gene-3⁺ CD127^lo CD26⁺	Cell-to-cell contact-dependent in vitro (CTLA-4) Cell-to-cell contact- and cytokine-dependent in vivo (IL-10 and TGF-β)
iTreg
Th3	CD25^±FOXP3^±45RO⁺ CTLA-4⁺	Cytokine-mediated (TGF-β production > > IL-10)
Tr1	CD25^±FOXP3^±45RO⁺ CTLA-4⁻	Cell-to-cell contact Cytokine-mediated (IL-10 > > TGF-β, IL-5, IFN-γ production)
TGF-β/IL-10 double-positive Treg	CD25⁻ FOXP3⁻	Cytokine-mediated (IL-10 and TGF-β production)
CD8⁺
T suppressor cells (Ts)
Naturally occurring	FOXP3+ 45RO⁺CD25⁺CTLA-4⁺GITR⁺	Cell-to-cell contact-dependent (CTLA-4) Cytokine-mediated (TGF-β production)
Non–antigen specific	CD28⁻Foxp3⁻CD56⁻	Cytokine-mediated (IL-10 production)
Inducible	CD25⁺Foxp3⁺CD28⁺GITR⁺CTLA-4⁺	Cell-to-cell contact
γ/δ T cells		Cell-to-cell contact Cytokine-mediated (IL-2, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, TGF-β, TNF-α production)
CD4⁻CD8⁻ αβ T cells	CD25⁺30⁺45⁺69⁺LFA-1⁺CTLA-4⁺	Cell-to-cell contact Produce IFN-γ and TNF-α
NKT cells	CD161	Cytokine-mediated, produce both Th-1 (IFN-γ and TNF-α) and Th-2 cytokines (IL-4, -10,-13)

Regulatory/suppressor T cells
Cell type	Phenotype	Suggested immunosuppressive mechanisms
CD4⁺
nTreg	CD25 + FOXP3 + 45RO⁺ CTLA-4⁺ GITR⁺CD134⁺CD62L⁺CD103⁺ lymphocyte activation gene-3⁺ CD127^lo CD26⁺	Cell-to-cell contact-dependent in vitro (CTLA-4) Cell-to-cell contact- and cytokine-dependent in vivo (IL-10 and TGF-β)
iTreg
Th3	CD25^±FOXP3^±45RO⁺ CTLA-4⁺	Cytokine-mediated (TGF-β production > > IL-10)
Tr1	CD25^±FOXP3^±45RO⁺ CTLA-4⁻	Cell-to-cell contact Cytokine-mediated (IL-10 > > TGF-β, IL-5, IFN-γ production)
TGF-β/IL-10 double-positive Treg	CD25⁻ FOXP3⁻	Cytokine-mediated (IL-10 and TGF-β production)
CD8⁺
T suppressor cells (Ts)
Naturally occurring	FOXP3+ 45RO⁺CD25⁺CTLA-4⁺GITR⁺	Cell-to-cell contact-dependent (CTLA-4) Cytokine-mediated (TGF-β production)
Non–antigen specific	CD28⁻Foxp3⁻CD56⁻	Cytokine-mediated (IL-10 production)
Inducible	CD25⁺Foxp3⁺CD28⁺GITR⁺CTLA-4⁺	Cell-to-cell contact
γ/δ T cells		Cell-to-cell contact Cytokine-mediated (IL-2, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ, TGF-β, TNF-α production)
CD4⁻CD8⁻ αβ T cells	CD25⁺30⁺45⁺69⁺LFA-1⁺CTLA-4⁺	Cell-to-cell contact Produce IFN-γ and TNF-α
NKT cells	CD161	Cytokine-mediated, produce both Th-1 (IFN-γ and TNF-α) and Th-2 cytokines (IL-4, -10,-13)

Suppressive T cells are mostly present in CD4⁺ cell population. However, some CD8⁺, double-negative, and NKT cells also have suppressive functions. Some of these T cells demonstrate their suppressive activity by cell-cell contact manners, whereas others release cytokines and inhibit effector immune system cells.

CTLA-4 indicates cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4; GITR, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein; iTreg, inducible regulatory T cells, NKT cells, batural killer T cells; nTreg, natural regulatory T cells; Tr1, regulatory T cells type 1; and Th3, T helper 3.

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