Incidence of HL and baseline risk factors
| . | No. of cases . | Person-years at risk . | Incidence rate per 105 patient-years (95% CI) . | Crude HR (95% CI) . | P . | Adjusted HR (95% CI) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients | 78 | 159 133 | 49.0 (39.3-61.2) | — | — | — | — |
| On combination ART | .96 | ||||||
| No | 17 | 33 752 | 50.4 (31.3-81.0) | 1 | — | — | |
| Yes | 61 | 125 381 | 48.7 (37.9-62.5) | 1.02 (0.59-1.75) | — | — | |
| Age, y | .24 | .44 | |||||
| 16-29 | 13 | 35 348 | 36.8 (21.4-63.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 30-39 | 41 | 73 851 | 55.5 (40.9-75.4) | 1.53 (0.82-2.85) | 1.13 (0.59-2.16) | ||
| 40-49 | 12 | 32 380 | 37.1 (21.0-65.3) | 0.98 (0.45-2.15) | 0.68 (0.29-1.58) | ||
| ≥ 50 | 12 | 17 554 | 68.4 (38.8-120.4) | 1.82 (0.83-4.00) | 1.33 (0.58-3.05) | ||
| Sex | .27 | .71 | |||||
| Women | 19 | 47 238 | 40.2 (25.7-63.1) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Men | 59 | 111 894 | 52.7 (40.9-68.1) | 1.33 (0.79-2.25) | 1.13 (0.61-2.09) | ||
| Transmission group | .017 | .082 | |||||
| Injection-drug use | 17 | 31 160 | 54.6 (33.9-87.8) | 1.93 (1.01-3.68) | 1.58 (0.79-3.25) | ||
| MSM | 24 | 44 507 | 53.9 (36.1-80.5) | 1.66 (0.93-2.96) | 1.39 (0.71-2.74) | ||
| Heterosexual | 22 | 66 802 | 32.9 (21.7-50.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Other/unknown | 15 | 16 664 | 90.0 (54.3-149.3) | 2.83 (1.47-5.46) | 2.48 (1.24-4.99) | ||
| CDC clinical stage | .35 | .55 | |||||
| Stage A/B | 64 | 136 298 | 47.0 (36.8-60.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Stage C | 14 | 22 284 | 61.3 (36.3-103.5) | 1.33 (0.74-2.37) | 1.23 (0.63-2.39) | ||
| Baseline CD4 count, cells/μL | .042 | .051 | |||||
| < 50 | 10 | 19 595 | 51.0 (27.5-94.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 50-99 | 8 | 12 420 | 64.4 (32.2-128.8) | 1.26 (0.50-3.18) | 1.31 (0.51-3.35) | ||
| 100-199 | 20 | 23 145 | 86.4 (55.7-133.9) | 1.69 (0.79-3.60) | 1.81 (0.82-3.99) | ||
| 200-349 | 14 | 34 321 | 40.8 (24.2-68.9) | 0.80 (0.35-1.80) | 0.88 (0.37-2.09) | ||
| ≥ 350 | 17 | 53 472 | 31.8 (19.8-51.1) | 0.63 (0.29-1.37) | 0.69 (0.29-1.60) | ||
| Nadir CD4 count, cells/μL | .66 | ||||||
| < 50 | 10 | 22 443 | 44.6 (24.0-82.8) | 1 | — | — | |
| 50-99 | 10 | 14 703 | 68.0 (36.6-126.4) | 1.53 (0.64-3.67) | — | — | |
| 100-199 | 16 | 30 757 | 52.0 (31.9-84.9) | 1.16 (0.53-2.57) | — | — | |
| 200-349 | 18 | 44 418 | 40.5 (25.5-64.3) | 0.91 (0.42-1.96) | — | — | |
| ≥ 350 | 12 | 32 020 | 37.5 (21.3-66.0) | 0.84 (0.36-1.95) | — | — | |
| Baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA, copies/mL | .34 | ||||||
| ≥ 500 000 | 9 | 13 819 | 65.1 (33.9-125.2) | 1 | — | — | |
| 100 000-499 999 | 22 | 34 408 | 63.9 (42.1-97.1) | 0.99 (0.45-2.14) | — | — | |
| 10 000-99 999 | 21 | 49 856 | 42.1 (27.5-64.6) | 0.65 (0.30-1.41) | — | — | |
| 501-9999 | 8 | 22 968 | 34.8 (17.4-69.6) | 0.53 (0.21-1.38) | — | — | |
| ≤ 500 | 0 | 1078 | — | — | — | — |
| . | No. of cases . | Person-years at risk . | Incidence rate per 105 patient-years (95% CI) . | Crude HR (95% CI) . | P . | Adjusted HR (95% CI) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients | 78 | 159 133 | 49.0 (39.3-61.2) | — | — | — | — |
| On combination ART | .96 | ||||||
| No | 17 | 33 752 | 50.4 (31.3-81.0) | 1 | — | — | |
| Yes | 61 | 125 381 | 48.7 (37.9-62.5) | 1.02 (0.59-1.75) | — | — | |
| Age, y | .24 | .44 | |||||
| 16-29 | 13 | 35 348 | 36.8 (21.4-63.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 30-39 | 41 | 73 851 | 55.5 (40.9-75.4) | 1.53 (0.82-2.85) | 1.13 (0.59-2.16) | ||
| 40-49 | 12 | 32 380 | 37.1 (21.0-65.3) | 0.98 (0.45-2.15) | 0.68 (0.29-1.58) | ||
| ≥ 50 | 12 | 17 554 | 68.4 (38.8-120.4) | 1.82 (0.83-4.00) | 1.33 (0.58-3.05) | ||
| Sex | .27 | .71 | |||||
| Women | 19 | 47 238 | 40.2 (25.7-63.1) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Men | 59 | 111 894 | 52.7 (40.9-68.1) | 1.33 (0.79-2.25) | 1.13 (0.61-2.09) | ||
| Transmission group | .017 | .082 | |||||
| Injection-drug use | 17 | 31 160 | 54.6 (33.9-87.8) | 1.93 (1.01-3.68) | 1.58 (0.79-3.25) | ||
| MSM | 24 | 44 507 | 53.9 (36.1-80.5) | 1.66 (0.93-2.96) | 1.39 (0.71-2.74) | ||
| Heterosexual | 22 | 66 802 | 32.9 (21.7-50.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Other/unknown | 15 | 16 664 | 90.0 (54.3-149.3) | 2.83 (1.47-5.46) | 2.48 (1.24-4.99) | ||
| CDC clinical stage | .35 | .55 | |||||
| Stage A/B | 64 | 136 298 | 47.0 (36.8-60.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Stage C | 14 | 22 284 | 61.3 (36.3-103.5) | 1.33 (0.74-2.37) | 1.23 (0.63-2.39) | ||
| Baseline CD4 count, cells/μL | .042 | .051 | |||||
| < 50 | 10 | 19 595 | 51.0 (27.5-94.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 50-99 | 8 | 12 420 | 64.4 (32.2-128.8) | 1.26 (0.50-3.18) | 1.31 (0.51-3.35) | ||
| 100-199 | 20 | 23 145 | 86.4 (55.7-133.9) | 1.69 (0.79-3.60) | 1.81 (0.82-3.99) | ||
| 200-349 | 14 | 34 321 | 40.8 (24.2-68.9) | 0.80 (0.35-1.80) | 0.88 (0.37-2.09) | ||
| ≥ 350 | 17 | 53 472 | 31.8 (19.8-51.1) | 0.63 (0.29-1.37) | 0.69 (0.29-1.60) | ||
| Nadir CD4 count, cells/μL | .66 | ||||||
| < 50 | 10 | 22 443 | 44.6 (24.0-82.8) | 1 | — | — | |
| 50-99 | 10 | 14 703 | 68.0 (36.6-126.4) | 1.53 (0.64-3.67) | — | — | |
| 100-199 | 16 | 30 757 | 52.0 (31.9-84.9) | 1.16 (0.53-2.57) | — | — | |
| 200-349 | 18 | 44 418 | 40.5 (25.5-64.3) | 0.91 (0.42-1.96) | — | — | |
| ≥ 350 | 12 | 32 020 | 37.5 (21.3-66.0) | 0.84 (0.36-1.95) | — | — | |
| Baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA, copies/mL | .34 | ||||||
| ≥ 500 000 | 9 | 13 819 | 65.1 (33.9-125.2) | 1 | — | — | |
| 100 000-499 999 | 22 | 34 408 | 63.9 (42.1-97.1) | 0.99 (0.45-2.14) | — | — | |
| 10 000-99 999 | 21 | 49 856 | 42.1 (27.5-64.6) | 0.65 (0.30-1.41) | — | — | |
| 501-9999 | 8 | 22 968 | 34.8 (17.4-69.6) | 0.53 (0.21-1.38) | — | — | |
| ≤ 500 | 0 | 1078 | — | — | — | — |
Analyses are based on 40 168 HIV-infected patients from 16 European cohort studies. HRs are from random-effects Weibull regression models, crude and adjusted for age, sex, risk group, CDC clinical stage, and baseline CD4 cell counts. P values are from Wald tests.
ART indicates antiretroviral therapy; MSM, men who have sex with men; baseline, first visit after January 1, 1998; and —, not applicable.