Factors associated with MGUS risk*
| Variable . | Univariate model . | Multivariate model . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR . | 95% CI . | P . | OR . | 95% CI . | P . | |
| Black race | 1.88 | 1.10-3.23 | .021§ | 1.80 | 1.04-3.11 | .037§ |
| Obesity | 1.75 | 1.03-2.99 | .039§ | 1.80 | 1.03-3.14 | .039§ |
| Age group, y | ||||||
| 43-47.99 | 0.87 | 0.33-2.28 | .78 | 0.84 | 0.32-2.21 | .73 |
| 48-54.99 | 1.75 | 0.74-4.13 | .20 | 1.58 | 0.66-3.78 | .30 |
| 55 or older | 2.81 | 1.26-6.25 | .011§ | 2.50 | 1.10-5.68 | .028§ |
| Low education status† | 2.15 | 1.05-4.40 | .036§ | 1.83 | 0.88-3.84 | .11 |
| Low annual household income‡ | 1.42 | 0.81-2.49 | .23 | 1.16 | 0.65-2.08 | .62 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.69 | 0.95-3.00 | .073 | 1.07 | 0.58-2.00 | .82 |
| Variable . | Univariate model . | Multivariate model . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR . | 95% CI . | P . | OR . | 95% CI . | P . | |
| Black race | 1.88 | 1.10-3.23 | .021§ | 1.80 | 1.04-3.11 | .037§ |
| Obesity | 1.75 | 1.03-2.99 | .039§ | 1.80 | 1.03-3.14 | .039§ |
| Age group, y | ||||||
| 43-47.99 | 0.87 | 0.33-2.28 | .78 | 0.84 | 0.32-2.21 | .73 |
| 48-54.99 | 1.75 | 0.74-4.13 | .20 | 1.58 | 0.66-3.78 | .30 |
| 55 or older | 2.81 | 1.26-6.25 | .011§ | 2.50 | 1.10-5.68 | .028§ |
| Low education status† | 2.15 | 1.05-4.40 | .036§ | 1.83 | 0.88-3.84 | .11 |
| Low annual household income‡ | 1.42 | 0.81-2.49 | .23 | 1.16 | 0.65-2.08 | .62 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.69 | 0.95-3.00 | .073 | 1.07 | 0.58-2.00 | .82 |
Models included variables for age (in 4 categories: < 43, 43-47, 48-54, 55 or older), race/ethnicity (black/white), education status (attended vs not attended any college), household size (1, 2, 3, 4 or more household members), obesity (yes/no), and annual household income (> vs < $15 000). Obesity was defined as BMI > 30.0 kg/m2. BMI was calculated from self-reported current weight and height. In subanalyses, when we examined the influence of demographic factors, smoking status, and use of antidiabetes medication (insulin as well as oral antidiabetes drugs), our main findings remained virtually the same (data not shown).
Electrophoresis was performed on agarose gel (REP, Helena Laboratories). The agarose strip was inspected by a technician and by 2 of the authors (R.A.K., J.A.K.). Any serum with a discrete band or thought to have a localized band was subjected to immunofixation (Hydrasys and Hydragel, Sebia).15 MGUS was defined in accordance with previous definition,14 which was identical to the definition used in the Olmsted County, MN prevalence study.2
Did not attend any college.
Less than $15 000 per year.
P < .05.