Table 1

The concentration of protamine and RNA affects particle size

Particle size in nm
2 mg/mL1 mg/mL0.5 mg/mL0.25 mg/mL
Water 575 267 274 263 
25mM NaCl  492  277 
75mM NaCl  1045  512 
225mM NaCl  1288  869 
Ringer lactate 1363 1432 926 571 
Particle size in nm
2 mg/mL1 mg/mL0.5 mg/mL0.25 mg/mL
Water 575 267 274 263 
25mM NaCl  492  277 
75mM NaCl  1045  512 
225mM NaCl  1288  869 
Ringer lactate 1363 1432 926 571 

Protamine 5000 was diluted 7 times (∼ 2 mg/mL final), 14 times (∼ 1 mg/mL final), 28 times (∼ 0.5 mg/mL final), or 56 times (∼0.25 mg/mL final) with water, 25mM NaCl, 75mM NaCl, 225mM NaCl, or ringer lactate. Similarly, the RNA oligonucleotide RNA18 was diluted to the same final concentrations as the above-mentioned 5 solutions. Protamine and RNA were mixed at a 1:1 mass ratio. Subsequently, the size of the particle was measured by dynamic light scattering.

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