Causes of marked eosinophilia other than HES
| Category . | Examples (noninclusive) . |
|---|---|
| Allergic disorders* | Asthma, atopic dermatitis |
| Drug hypersensitivity | Varied |
| Infection | |
| Helminth | Varied, including strongyloidiasis, hookworm infection, filariasis |
| Ectoparasite | Scabies, myiasis |
| Protozoan | Isosporiasis, Sarcocystis myositis |
| Bacterial | Chronic tuberculosis, resolving scarlet fever |
| Fungal | Varied, including coccidiomycosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis |
| Viral | HIV |
| Neoplasm | Leukemia, lymphoma, solid organ adenocarcinoma |
| Autoimmune and idiopathic disorders† | Connective tissue disorders, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder |
| Other | Hypoadrenalism, radiation exposure, cholesterol embolization, IL-2 therapy |
| Category . | Examples (noninclusive) . |
|---|---|
| Allergic disorders* | Asthma, atopic dermatitis |
| Drug hypersensitivity | Varied |
| Infection | |
| Helminth | Varied, including strongyloidiasis, hookworm infection, filariasis |
| Ectoparasite | Scabies, myiasis |
| Protozoan | Isosporiasis, Sarcocystis myositis |
| Bacterial | Chronic tuberculosis, resolving scarlet fever |
| Fungal | Varied, including coccidiomycosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis |
| Viral | HIV |
| Neoplasm | Leukemia, lymphoma, solid organ adenocarcinoma |
| Autoimmune and idiopathic disorders† | Connective tissue disorders, sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder |
| Other | Hypoadrenalism, radiation exposure, cholesterol embolization, IL-2 therapy |
HES indicates hypereosinophilic syndrome.
Allergic disorders, including asthma and atopic dermatitis, are common in patients with lymphocytic variant HES (L-HES) and idiopathic HES. Consequently, the distinction between allergic disease with marked eosinophilia and HES with concomitant allergic disease may be impossible.
Marked peripheral blood eosinophilia can occur in the setting of a wide variety of autoimmune and idiopathic disorders, particularly those characterized by abnormal lymphocyte proliferation or activation. Signs and symptoms of HES are infrequent and can be difficult to distinguish from manifestations of the underlying disorder.