Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between Borrelia infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) overall and NHL subtype
| . | All NHLs . | DLBCL . | CLL . | FL . | MCL . | MZL . | LPL . | TCL . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | |
| Tick bite,† self-reported | ||||||||||||||||
| Ever‡ | 1248 | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) | 319 | 0.99 (0.8-1.2) | 318 | 1.1 (0.9-1.3) | 224 | 0.9 (0.8-1.1) | 65 | 1.0 (0.7-1.5) | 46 | 1.01 (0.7-1.5) | 51 | 1.2 (0.8-1.8) | 71 | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) |
| Phomogeneity | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.49 | 0.35 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 0.42 | 0.17 | ||||||||
| Borrelia infection,† self-reported | ||||||||||||||||
| Ever§ | 102 | 1.3 (0.96-1.8) | 26 | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 23 | 1.2 (0.8-2.0) | 19 | 1.3 (0.8-2.2) | 9 | 2.5 (1.2-5.1) | 0 | – | 5 | 1.8 (0.7-4.7) | 8 | 1.8 (0.8-3.8) |
| Phomogeneity | 0.09 | 0.24 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.03 | – | 0.26 | 0.16 | ||||||||
| Anti-Borrelia antibodies‖ | ||||||||||||||||
| Positive¶ | 73 | 1.3 (0.9-2.0) | 18 | 1.4 (0.8-2.5) | 23 | 1.0 (0.6-1.8) | 13 | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) | 12 | 3.6 (1.8-7.4) | 2 | 1.1 (0.3-4.6) | 0 | – | 3 | 0.7 (0.2-2.5) |
| Phomogeneity | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.87 | 0.79 | 0.001 | 0.94 | – | 0.61 | ||||||||
| . | All NHLs . | DLBCL . | CLL . | FL . | MCL . | MZL . | LPL . | TCL . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | No. . | OR* (95% CI) . | |
| Tick bite,† self-reported | ||||||||||||||||
| Ever‡ | 1248 | 1.0 (0.9-1.1) | 319 | 0.99 (0.8-1.2) | 318 | 1.1 (0.9-1.3) | 224 | 0.9 (0.8-1.1) | 65 | 1.0 (0.7-1.5) | 46 | 1.01 (0.7-1.5) | 51 | 1.2 (0.8-1.8) | 71 | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) |
| Phomogeneity | 0.90 | 0.92 | 0.49 | 0.35 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 0.42 | 0.17 | ||||||||
| Borrelia infection,† self-reported | ||||||||||||||||
| Ever§ | 102 | 1.3 (0.96-1.8) | 26 | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 23 | 1.2 (0.8-2.0) | 19 | 1.3 (0.8-2.2) | 9 | 2.5 (1.2-5.1) | 0 | – | 5 | 1.8 (0.7-4.7) | 8 | 1.8 (0.8-3.8) |
| Phomogeneity | 0.09 | 0.24 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.03 | – | 0.26 | 0.16 | ||||||||
| Anti-Borrelia antibodies‖ | ||||||||||||||||
| Positive¶ | 73 | 1.3 (0.9-2.0) | 18 | 1.4 (0.8-2.5) | 23 | 1.0 (0.6-1.8) | 13 | 1.1 (0.6-2.1) | 12 | 3.6 (1.8-7.4) | 2 | 1.1 (0.3-4.6) | 0 | – | 3 | 0.7 (0.2-2.5) |
| Phomogeneity | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.87 | 0.79 | 0.001 | 0.94 | – | 0.61 | ||||||||
NHL indicates non-Hodgkin lymphoma; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; FL, follicular lymphoma; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; MZL, marginal zone lymphoma; LPL, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma; and TCL, T-cell lymphoma.
Adjusted for sex, age in 10-year intervals, and country of residence (matching variables).
Including answers of all SCALE participants (3055 NHL cases and 3187 matched controls).
Reference: never have had a tick bite.
Reference: never have had an injection with B burgdorferi.
Borrelia-specific IgG antibodies were analyzed in a case-control study subset including serum samples of 1579 cases with NHL and 1358 matched controls; in 6 participants (2 cases and 4 controls), serologic analyses yielded inconclusive results and were excluded.
Reference: negative for Borrelia-specific IgG antibodies in serum.