Characteristics of the study population
| Characteristic . | All ALL survivors, no. (%) . | Siblings, n (%) . | P* . | Nonrelapsed survivors, n (%) . | Relapsed survivors, n (%) . | P . | Nonirradiated survivors, n (%) . | Radiated survivors, n (%) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number in each group | 4151 | 3899 | 3416 | 735 | 1069 | 2573 | |||
| Sex | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | ||||||
| Male | 2212 (53.3) | 1878 (48.2) | 1738 (50.9) | 474 (64.5) | 494 (46.2) | 1410 (54.8) | |||
| Female | 1939 (46.7) | 2021 (51.8) | 1678 (49.1) | 261 (35.5) | 575 (53.8) | 1163 (45.2) | |||
| Race | <.001 | .89 | .22 | ||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 3383 (81.5) | 3414 (87.6) | 2790 (81.7) | 593 (80.7) | 876 (90.0) | 2143 (83.3) | |||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 167 (4.0) | 103 (2.6) | 137 (4.0) | 30 (4.1) | 33 (3.1) | 85 (3.3) | |||
| Hispanic, Latino | 269 (6.5) | 138 (3.5) | 221 (6.5) | 48 (6.5) | 74 (6.9) | 133 (5.2) | |||
| Other, unknown | 332 (8.0) | 244 (6.3) | 268 (7.8) | 64 (8.7) | 86 (8.0) | 212 (8.2) | |||
| Household income | <.001 | .77 | <.001 | ||||||
| Less than $20 000 | 633 (18.3) | 352 (10.2) | 526 (18.4) | 107 (17.9) | 126 (13.6) | 415 (19.4) | |||
| $20 000 and over | 2818 (81.7) | 3108 (89.8) | 2328 (81.6) | 490 (82.1) | 802 (86.4) | 1723 (80.6) | |||
| Age at questionnaire, y | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | ||||||
| 0 to 9 | 58 (1.4) | 12 (0.3) | 12 (0.4) | 46 (2.3) | 5 (0.5) | 44 (1.7) | |||
| 10 to 19 | 628 (15.1) | 379 (9.7) | 411 (12.0) | 217 (29.5) | 187 (17.4) | 355 (13.8) | |||
| 20 to 29 | 2084 (50.2) | 1353 (34.7) | 1780 (52.1) | 304 (41.4) | 658 (61.6) | 1176 (45.7) | |||
| 30 to 39 | 1215 (29.3) | 1332 (34.2) | 1059 (31.0) | 156 (21.2) | 190 (17.8) | 877 (34.1) | |||
| 40 to 49 | 165 (4.0) | 728 (18.7) | 153 (4.5) | 12 (1.6) | 29 (2.7) | 120 (4.7) | |||
| 50 and over | 1 (0.0) | 95 (2.4) | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | |||
| Age at diagnosis, y | .78 | <.001 | |||||||
| 0 to 4 | 2254 (54.3) | NA | NA | 1844 (54.0) | 410 (55.8) | 658 (61.5) | 1336 (51.9) | ||
| 5 to 9 | 1140 (27.5) | NA | NA | 949 (27.8) | 191 (26.0) | 282 (26.4) | 709 (27.6) | ||
| 10 to 14 | 532 (12.8) | NA | NA | 437 (12.8) | 95 (12.9) | 92 (8.6) | 371 (14.4) | ||
| 15 to 21 | 225 (5.4) | NA | NA | 186 (5.4) | 39 (5.3) | 37 (3.5) | 157 (6.1) | ||
| Survival time since diagnosis, y | <.001 | <.001 | |||||||
| 5 to 14 | 337 (8.1) | NA | NA | 98 (2.9) | 239 (32.5) | 33 (3.1) | 257 (10.0) | ||
| 15 to 24 | 2633 (63.4) | NA | NA | 2273 (66.5) | 360 (49.0) | 868 (81.2) | 1457 (56.6) | ||
| 25 to 35 | 1181 (28.5) | NA | NA | 1045 (30.6) | 136 (18.5) | 168 (15.7) | 859 (33.4) | ||
| Treatment era | .06 | <.001 | |||||||
| 1970 to 1974 | 650 (15.7) | NA | NA | 514 (15.0) | 136 (18.5) | 103 (9.6) | 466 (18.1) | ||
| 1975 to 1979 | 1089 (26.2) | NA | NA | 901 (26.4) | 188 (25.6) | 109 (10.2) | 835 (32.5) | ||
| 1980 to 1986 | 2412 (58.1) | NA | NA | 2001 (58.6) | 411 (55.9) | 857 (80.2) | 1272 (49.4) | ||
| Chemotherapy (CT) | |||||||||
| Anthracyclines | 1782 (48.7) | NA | NA | 1291 (42.8) | 491 (77.1) | <.001 | 347 (32.5) | 1430 (55.6) | <.001 |
| Alkylating agents | 2006 (54.9) | NA | NA | 1493 (49.4) | 513 (80.5) | <.001 | 566 (53.0) | 1433 (55.7) | .13 |
| Both anthracyclines plus alkylating agents | 1444 (39.5) | NA | NA | 994 (32.9) | 450 (70.6) | <.001 | 305 (28.5) | 1135 (44.1) | <.001 |
| Radiation therapy (RT) | <.001 | NA | |||||||
| Cranial/craniospinal RT | 2266 (92.2) | NA | NA | 1877 (97.3) | 384 (72.7) | NA | 2261 (92.0) | ||
| Total body irradiation (TBI) | 134 (5.5) | NA | NA | 31 (1.6) | 103 (19.5) | NA | 134 (5.5) | ||
| Other sites | 62 (2.3) | NA | NA | 21 (1.1) | 41 (7.8) | NA | 62 (2.5) | ||
| Bone marrow transplant (BMT) | 205 (4.9) | NA | NA | 50 (1.5) | 155 (21.1) | <.001† | 13 (1.2) | 167 (6.5) | NA |
| Characteristic . | All ALL survivors, no. (%) . | Siblings, n (%) . | P* . | Nonrelapsed survivors, n (%) . | Relapsed survivors, n (%) . | P . | Nonirradiated survivors, n (%) . | Radiated survivors, n (%) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number in each group | 4151 | 3899 | 3416 | 735 | 1069 | 2573 | |||
| Sex | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | ||||||
| Male | 2212 (53.3) | 1878 (48.2) | 1738 (50.9) | 474 (64.5) | 494 (46.2) | 1410 (54.8) | |||
| Female | 1939 (46.7) | 2021 (51.8) | 1678 (49.1) | 261 (35.5) | 575 (53.8) | 1163 (45.2) | |||
| Race | <.001 | .89 | .22 | ||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 3383 (81.5) | 3414 (87.6) | 2790 (81.7) | 593 (80.7) | 876 (90.0) | 2143 (83.3) | |||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 167 (4.0) | 103 (2.6) | 137 (4.0) | 30 (4.1) | 33 (3.1) | 85 (3.3) | |||
| Hispanic, Latino | 269 (6.5) | 138 (3.5) | 221 (6.5) | 48 (6.5) | 74 (6.9) | 133 (5.2) | |||
| Other, unknown | 332 (8.0) | 244 (6.3) | 268 (7.8) | 64 (8.7) | 86 (8.0) | 212 (8.2) | |||
| Household income | <.001 | .77 | <.001 | ||||||
| Less than $20 000 | 633 (18.3) | 352 (10.2) | 526 (18.4) | 107 (17.9) | 126 (13.6) | 415 (19.4) | |||
| $20 000 and over | 2818 (81.7) | 3108 (89.8) | 2328 (81.6) | 490 (82.1) | 802 (86.4) | 1723 (80.6) | |||
| Age at questionnaire, y | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | ||||||
| 0 to 9 | 58 (1.4) | 12 (0.3) | 12 (0.4) | 46 (2.3) | 5 (0.5) | 44 (1.7) | |||
| 10 to 19 | 628 (15.1) | 379 (9.7) | 411 (12.0) | 217 (29.5) | 187 (17.4) | 355 (13.8) | |||
| 20 to 29 | 2084 (50.2) | 1353 (34.7) | 1780 (52.1) | 304 (41.4) | 658 (61.6) | 1176 (45.7) | |||
| 30 to 39 | 1215 (29.3) | 1332 (34.2) | 1059 (31.0) | 156 (21.2) | 190 (17.8) | 877 (34.1) | |||
| 40 to 49 | 165 (4.0) | 728 (18.7) | 153 (4.5) | 12 (1.6) | 29 (2.7) | 120 (4.7) | |||
| 50 and over | 1 (0.0) | 95 (2.4) | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | |||
| Age at diagnosis, y | .78 | <.001 | |||||||
| 0 to 4 | 2254 (54.3) | NA | NA | 1844 (54.0) | 410 (55.8) | 658 (61.5) | 1336 (51.9) | ||
| 5 to 9 | 1140 (27.5) | NA | NA | 949 (27.8) | 191 (26.0) | 282 (26.4) | 709 (27.6) | ||
| 10 to 14 | 532 (12.8) | NA | NA | 437 (12.8) | 95 (12.9) | 92 (8.6) | 371 (14.4) | ||
| 15 to 21 | 225 (5.4) | NA | NA | 186 (5.4) | 39 (5.3) | 37 (3.5) | 157 (6.1) | ||
| Survival time since diagnosis, y | <.001 | <.001 | |||||||
| 5 to 14 | 337 (8.1) | NA | NA | 98 (2.9) | 239 (32.5) | 33 (3.1) | 257 (10.0) | ||
| 15 to 24 | 2633 (63.4) | NA | NA | 2273 (66.5) | 360 (49.0) | 868 (81.2) | 1457 (56.6) | ||
| 25 to 35 | 1181 (28.5) | NA | NA | 1045 (30.6) | 136 (18.5) | 168 (15.7) | 859 (33.4) | ||
| Treatment era | .06 | <.001 | |||||||
| 1970 to 1974 | 650 (15.7) | NA | NA | 514 (15.0) | 136 (18.5) | 103 (9.6) | 466 (18.1) | ||
| 1975 to 1979 | 1089 (26.2) | NA | NA | 901 (26.4) | 188 (25.6) | 109 (10.2) | 835 (32.5) | ||
| 1980 to 1986 | 2412 (58.1) | NA | NA | 2001 (58.6) | 411 (55.9) | 857 (80.2) | 1272 (49.4) | ||
| Chemotherapy (CT) | |||||||||
| Anthracyclines | 1782 (48.7) | NA | NA | 1291 (42.8) | 491 (77.1) | <.001 | 347 (32.5) | 1430 (55.6) | <.001 |
| Alkylating agents | 2006 (54.9) | NA | NA | 1493 (49.4) | 513 (80.5) | <.001 | 566 (53.0) | 1433 (55.7) | .13 |
| Both anthracyclines plus alkylating agents | 1444 (39.5) | NA | NA | 994 (32.9) | 450 (70.6) | <.001 | 305 (28.5) | 1135 (44.1) | <.001 |
| Radiation therapy (RT) | <.001 | NA | |||||||
| Cranial/craniospinal RT | 2266 (92.2) | NA | NA | 1877 (97.3) | 384 (72.7) | NA | 2261 (92.0) | ||
| Total body irradiation (TBI) | 134 (5.5) | NA | NA | 31 (1.6) | 103 (19.5) | NA | 134 (5.5) | ||
| Other sites | 62 (2.3) | NA | NA | 21 (1.1) | 41 (7.8) | NA | 62 (2.5) | ||
| Bone marrow transplant (BMT) | 205 (4.9) | NA | NA | 50 (1.5) | 155 (21.1) | <.001† | 13 (1.2) | 167 (6.5) | NA |
Numbers of subjects may not add up exactly to the total number of subjects due to missing values.
NA indicates not applicable.
P values indicate statistical significance levels of group differences with respect to the distribution of each characteristic. For CT and BMT characteristics, however, a P value corresponds to the therapeutic exposure listed in each row and indicates the statistical significance level of group differences with respect to the exposure.