Inhibition of HIV-1 envelope-mediated cell fusion by α-defensins
| HIV-1 strain . | Subtype . | Origin . | Coreceptor usage . | IC50, μM* . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCS 2.5% . | No FCS . | ||||
| IT224.18 | B | Italy | R5 | 11.2 | nt |
| 91US714 | B | US | R5 | 33.2 | 2.4 |
| BaL | B | US | R5 | 26.5 | 3.1 |
| JR-FL | B | US | R5 | nt | 5.0 |
| CM235† | E | Thailand | R5 | 31.7 | nt |
| 92US077‡ | B | US | R5X4 | nt | 1.4 |
| B117 | B | Sweden | R5X4 | nt | 2.2 |
| IT193.21 | B | Italy | R5X4 | 17.0 | nt |
| 89.6† | B | US | R5X4 | nt | 11.5 |
| 93BR020 | F | Brazil | R5X4 | 14.0 | 3.8 |
| MN | B | US | X4 | 55.3 | 3.5 |
| IIIB | B | US | X4 | 12.5 | 2.0 |
| BK132† | B | Thailand | X4 | 12.6 | 2.3 |
| Mean ± SD | 24.0 ± 14.6 | 3.8 ± 2.9§ | |||
| HIV-1 strain . | Subtype . | Origin . | Coreceptor usage . | IC50, μM* . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCS 2.5% . | No FCS . | ||||
| IT224.18 | B | Italy | R5 | 11.2 | nt |
| 91US714 | B | US | R5 | 33.2 | 2.4 |
| BaL | B | US | R5 | 26.5 | 3.1 |
| JR-FL | B | US | R5 | nt | 5.0 |
| CM235† | E | Thailand | R5 | 31.7 | nt |
| 92US077‡ | B | US | R5X4 | nt | 1.4 |
| B117 | B | Sweden | R5X4 | nt | 2.2 |
| IT193.21 | B | Italy | R5X4 | 17.0 | nt |
| 89.6† | B | US | R5X4 | nt | 11.5 |
| 93BR020 | F | Brazil | R5X4 | 14.0 | 3.8 |
| MN | B | US | X4 | 55.3 | 3.5 |
| IIIB | B | US | X4 | 12.5 | 2.0 |
| BK132† | B | Thailand | X4 | 12.6 | 2.3 |
| Mean ± SD | 24.0 ± 14.6 | 3.8 ± 2.9§ | |||
nt indicates not tested.
IC50 values were calculated for each viral isolate from a dose-response curve obtained using an equimolar mixture of α-defensin-1 and -2.
Effector cells were infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the indicated HIV-1 envelope.
Effector cells expressing dual-tropic (R5X4) envelope were tested on CXCR4-expressing target cells.
P < .001 by the Mann-Whitney unpaired t test.