Rapid and complete classification of newly diagnosed leukemia

Intensification of nonmyelotoxic drugs such as vincristine, steroids, asparaginase

Evaluation of drug resistance and adaptation of drug regimens to resistance patterns

Protocol adherence to achieve better dose and time intensity

Risk adapted indications for stem cell transplantation

Minimal residual disease–adapted intensification cycles

Subgroup- and minimal residual disease–adapted duration and intensity of maintenance

Intensification of high-dose methotrexate and asparaginase

Evaluation of molecular remission to assess newly designed regimens

Addition of targeted drugs such as kinase inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies

Age-adapted regimens (intensification in adolescents/adaptation in elderly)

Age-adapted rules for treatment steering

Improved prophylaxis of infections and mucositis to reduce mortality and morbidity