Table 5.

Functional outcome descriptives pre-HCT and at most recent follow-up in X-ALD patients

Pre-HCT (n = 56)Most recent follow-up (median = 49 mo, range: 25-211; n = 35)
Patient characteristicsn (%)MissingPatient characteristicsn (%)Missing
Enzyme levels   Enzyme levels   
 X-ALD (free fatty)  17  X-ALD (free fatty)  18 
  Normal 0 (0)    Normal 1 (5.9)  
  High/elevated 39 (100)    High/elevated 16 (94.1)  
Presymptomatic 16 (32.7) Presymptomatic 15 (51.7) 
Mental development   Mental development   
 Cognitive  18  Cognitive  22 
  Very low 0 (0)    Very low 1 (7.7)  
  Low 10 (26.3)    Low 2 (15.4)  
  Average 22 (57.9)    Average 7 (53.8)  
  Above average 6 (15.8)    Above average 3 (23.1)  
 Motor  19  Motor  27 
  Very low 0 (0)    Very low 5 (62.5)  
  Low 10 (27.0)    Low 1 (12.5)  
  Average 21 (56.8)    Average 1 (12.5)  
  Above average 6 (16.2)    Above average 1 (12.5)  
Seizures (present) 5 (10.2) Seizures (present) 5 (17.9) 
Neuropathy  Neuropathy  
 Absent 31(66.0)   Stable 23 (85.2)  
 Mild 14 (29.8)   Improved 1 (3.7)  
 Severe 2 (4.2)   Worsened 3 (11.1)  
Vision  Vision  
 Low 12 (24.5)   Stable 23 (76.7)  
 Blind 2 (4.1)   Improved 1 (3.3)  
 Normal 35 (71.4)   Worsened 6 (20.0)  
Hearing  Hearing  
 Mildly affected 5 (10.4)   Stable 27 (90.0)  
 Severely affected 2 (4.2)   Improved 1 (3.3)  
 Normal 41 (85.4)   Worsened 2 (6.7)  
School attendance*  School attendance*  
 Regular 35 (79.5)   Regular 15 (53.6)  
 Additional support 7 (15.9)   Additional support 9 (32.1)  
 No attendance 2 (4.6)   No attendance 4 (14.3)  
School performance*  School performance*  
 Appropriate for age 33 (82.5)   Appropriate for age 17 (73.9)  
 Lower 7 (17.5)   Lower 6 (26.1)  
Independence  14 Independence  10 
 Appropriate for age 31 (73.8)   Appropriate for age 16 (64.0)  
 Needs assistance 11 (26.2)   Needs assistance 9 (36.0)  
Continence (incontinent) 4 (10.0) 16 Continence (incontinent) 3 (12.5) 11 
Adrenal insufficiency  32 Adrenal insufficiency  
 Absent 4 (16.6)   Stable 25 (92.6)  
 Glucocorticoids 18 (75)   Worsened 2 (7.4)  
 Mineralcorticoids 1 (4.2)     
 Combined 1 (4.2)     
Pre-HCT (n = 56)Most recent follow-up (median = 49 mo, range: 25-211; n = 35)
Patient characteristicsn (%)MissingPatient characteristicsn (%)Missing
Enzyme levels   Enzyme levels   
 X-ALD (free fatty)  17  X-ALD (free fatty)  18 
  Normal 0 (0)    Normal 1 (5.9)  
  High/elevated 39 (100)    High/elevated 16 (94.1)  
Presymptomatic 16 (32.7) Presymptomatic 15 (51.7) 
Mental development   Mental development   
 Cognitive  18  Cognitive  22 
  Very low 0 (0)    Very low 1 (7.7)  
  Low 10 (26.3)    Low 2 (15.4)  
  Average 22 (57.9)    Average 7 (53.8)  
  Above average 6 (15.8)    Above average 3 (23.1)  
 Motor  19  Motor  27 
  Very low 0 (0)    Very low 5 (62.5)  
  Low 10 (27.0)    Low 1 (12.5)  
  Average 21 (56.8)    Average 1 (12.5)  
  Above average 6 (16.2)    Above average 1 (12.5)  
Seizures (present) 5 (10.2) Seizures (present) 5 (17.9) 
Neuropathy  Neuropathy  
 Absent 31(66.0)   Stable 23 (85.2)  
 Mild 14 (29.8)   Improved 1 (3.7)  
 Severe 2 (4.2)   Worsened 3 (11.1)  
Vision  Vision  
 Low 12 (24.5)   Stable 23 (76.7)  
 Blind 2 (4.1)   Improved 1 (3.3)  
 Normal 35 (71.4)   Worsened 6 (20.0)  
Hearing  Hearing  
 Mildly affected 5 (10.4)   Stable 27 (90.0)  
 Severely affected 2 (4.2)   Improved 1 (3.3)  
 Normal 41 (85.4)   Worsened 2 (6.7)  
School attendance*  School attendance*  
 Regular 35 (79.5)   Regular 15 (53.6)  
 Additional support 7 (15.9)   Additional support 9 (32.1)  
 No attendance 2 (4.6)   No attendance 4 (14.3)  
School performance*  School performance*  
 Appropriate for age 33 (82.5)   Appropriate for age 17 (73.9)  
 Lower 7 (17.5)   Lower 6 (26.1)  
Independence  14 Independence  10 
 Appropriate for age 31 (73.8)   Appropriate for age 16 (64.0)  
 Needs assistance 11 (26.2)   Needs assistance 9 (36.0)  
Continence (incontinent) 4 (10.0) 16 Continence (incontinent) 3 (12.5) 11 
Adrenal insufficiency  32 Adrenal insufficiency  
 Absent 4 (16.6)   Stable 25 (92.6)  
 Glucocorticoids 18 (75)   Worsened 2 (7.4)  
 Mineralcorticoids 1 (4.2)     
 Combined 1 (4.2)     
*

Only for pediatric patients.

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