Table 2.

Pharmacologic agents commonly used in the management of sickle pain.

Abbreviations: COX, cyclooxygenase; IR, immediate release; ER, extended release; LA, long-acting; NX, naloxone. 
Non-Opioid Analgesics

  • Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

  • Non-selective COX inhibitors

    • Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

    • Nonacetylated salicytates

    • Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

    • Naproxen (Naprosyn)

    • Ketorolac (Toradol)

  • Selective COX2 inhibitors

    • Celecoxib (Celebrex)

  • Ultram IR, ER (Tramadol)

 
Opioid Analgesics

  • Codeine

  • Hydrocodone/Acetaminphen (Vicodin)

  • Hydrocodone/Ibuprofen (Vicoprofen)

  • Oxycodone (IR, ER: Oxycontin)

  • Oxycodone with codeine (Percocet, Tylox, Roxicet)

  • Morphine (Morphine IR; Morphine ER: MS Contin, Oramorph, Kadian, Avinza)

  • Meperidine (Demerol, Pethidine)

  • Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

  • Levorphanol (Levo-Dromoran, LA)

  • Oxymorphone (IM/SC: Numorphan; PO: Opana IR, ER)

  • Methadone (Dolophine, Methadose, LA)

  • Fentanyl

    • Parenteral preparations (Sublimaze)

    • Transdermal patch (Duragesic)

    • Transmucosal lozenges (Actiq)

    • Effervescent buccal tablet (Fentora)

 
Partial Agonists

  • Buprenorphine (Buprenex, Subutex)

  • Buprenorphine/Naloxone (Suboxone)

 
Mixed Agonists-Antagonists

  • Pentazocine (Talwin, Talwin NX)

  • Nalbuphine (Nubain)

  • Butorphanol (Stadol, Stadol NS)

 
Antagonists

  • Naloxone (Narcan)

  • Nalmefene (Revex)

  • Naltrexone (Revia, Viritrol)

 
Adjuvants

  • Antihistamines

  • Antidepressants

  • Anticonvulsants

  • Benzodiazepines

  • Phenothiazines

  • Antiemetics, laxatives

  • α 2-Adrenergic agonists (Clonidine)

  • Other miscellaneous agents

 
Abbreviations: COX, cyclooxygenase; IR, immediate release; ER, extended release; LA, long-acting; NX, naloxone. 
Non-Opioid Analgesics

  • Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

  • Non-selective COX inhibitors

    • Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

    • Nonacetylated salicytates

    • Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

    • Naproxen (Naprosyn)

    • Ketorolac (Toradol)

  • Selective COX2 inhibitors

    • Celecoxib (Celebrex)

  • Ultram IR, ER (Tramadol)

 
Opioid Analgesics

  • Codeine

  • Hydrocodone/Acetaminphen (Vicodin)

  • Hydrocodone/Ibuprofen (Vicoprofen)

  • Oxycodone (IR, ER: Oxycontin)

  • Oxycodone with codeine (Percocet, Tylox, Roxicet)

  • Morphine (Morphine IR; Morphine ER: MS Contin, Oramorph, Kadian, Avinza)

  • Meperidine (Demerol, Pethidine)

  • Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

  • Levorphanol (Levo-Dromoran, LA)

  • Oxymorphone (IM/SC: Numorphan; PO: Opana IR, ER)

  • Methadone (Dolophine, Methadose, LA)

  • Fentanyl

    • Parenteral preparations (Sublimaze)

    • Transdermal patch (Duragesic)

    • Transmucosal lozenges (Actiq)

    • Effervescent buccal tablet (Fentora)

 
Partial Agonists

  • Buprenorphine (Buprenex, Subutex)

  • Buprenorphine/Naloxone (Suboxone)

 
Mixed Agonists-Antagonists

  • Pentazocine (Talwin, Talwin NX)

  • Nalbuphine (Nubain)

  • Butorphanol (Stadol, Stadol NS)

 
Antagonists

  • Naloxone (Narcan)

  • Nalmefene (Revex)

  • Naltrexone (Revia, Viritrol)

 
Adjuvants

  • Antihistamines

  • Antidepressants

  • Anticonvulsants

  • Benzodiazepines

  • Phenothiazines

  • Antiemetics, laxatives

  • α 2-Adrenergic agonists (Clonidine)

  • Other miscellaneous agents

 
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