Table 3. RBC and plasma physiological... | American Society of Hematology

Table 3.

RBC and plasma physiological metrics in patients with TDT across transfusion

Variable	Before	After	Week	P value	RBC units	P value
Hemolysis rate
Cell-free Hb, mg/dL	13.3 ± 11.4	16.4 ±14.5∗	11.7 ± 11.7†	.008	72.6 ± 65.4∗	<.001
Osmotic hemolysis, MCF, NaCl%	0.378 ± 0.048	0.385 ± 0.043	0.385 ± 0.042	.077	0.458 ± 0.025∗	<.001
Osmotic hemolysis, 24 hours, MCF, NaCl%	0.419 ± 0.065	0.429 ± 0.057‡	0.434 ± 0.056‡	.061	0.493 ± 0.035∗	<.001
Mechanical hemolysis, MFI, %	0.732 ± 0.182	0.802 ± 0.227∗	0.663 ± 0.161∗,†	<.001	0.978 ± 0.273∗	<.001
Oxidative hemolysis, mg/dL	7.4 ± 7.6	6.4 ± 6.0	8.4 ± 7.2	ns	11.2 ± 9.7∗	.010
Oxidative stress
ROS, RFU	652 ± 415	524 ± 186	686 ± 293†	.023	546 ± 233	ns
tBHP-induced ROS, RFU	3242 ± 1606	3085 ± 2339	4471 ± 3927	ns	2909 ± 2345‡	.082
PHZ-induced ROS, RFU	7633 ± 1324	8149 ± 1699	8215 ± 2621	ns	8527 ± 1623∗	.013
Membrane-bound hemichromes, μΜ	25.9 ± 6.4	26.8 ± 6.7	30.2 ± 7.7‡	.061	22.6 ± 5.3‡	.074
PS⁺ RBCs, %	0.86 ± 1.12	0.79 ± 1.00	0.69 ± 0.93	ns	0.23 ± 0.15∗	<.001
Proteolytic proteasome activity
CH-like, RFU	29 161 ± 13 451	29 690 ± 12915	31 618 ± 17 068	ns	28 526 ± 13 289	ns
CASP-like, RFU	19 162 ± 8051	18 874 ± 4868	19 272 ± 6850	ns	19 172 ± 5 936	ns
TR-like, RFU	48 420 ± 17 168	52 596 ± 18410	53 394 ± 18 781	ns	44 305 ± 12 097	ns
CH-like, m, RFU	26 209 ± 22 747	25 423 ± 15 046	36 494 ± 25 101∗,†	.003	44 142 ± 30 656∗	.004
CASP-like, m, RFU	21 222 ± 19 234	22 757 ± 18 233	29 478 ± 19 267∗,†	.007	35 463 ± 27 523∗	.011
TR-like, m, RFU	27 755 ± 28 048	26 053 ± 21 901	31 217 ± 25 752	ns	29 430 ± 20 838	ns
Plasma sEVs
sEV concentration, ×10¹⁰/mL	20.2 ± 8.4	20.4 ± 9.5	21.2 ± 9.6	ns	7.4 ± 3.3∗	.004
sEV size, nm	159 ± 24	152 ± 25	151 ± 28	.093	110 ± 14∗	<.001
Plasma antioxidant capacity
TAC, μM Fe²⁺	406 ± 91	407 ± 87	381 ± 86∗,†	.024	248 ± 54∗	<.001
UAiAC, μM Fe²⁺	217 ± 73	210 ± 72	207 ± 66	ns	124 ± 47∗	<.001
UAdAC, μM Fe²⁺	190 ± 60	197 ± 54	174 ± 67†	.018	124 ± 32∗	<.001

Variable	Before	After	Week	P value	RBC units	P value
Hemolysis rate
Cell-free Hb, mg/dL	13.3 ± 11.4	16.4 ±14.5∗	11.7 ± 11.7†	.008	72.6 ± 65.4∗	<.001
Osmotic hemolysis, MCF, NaCl%	0.378 ± 0.048	0.385 ± 0.043	0.385 ± 0.042	.077	0.458 ± 0.025∗	<.001
Osmotic hemolysis, 24 hours, MCF, NaCl%	0.419 ± 0.065	0.429 ± 0.057‡	0.434 ± 0.056‡	.061	0.493 ± 0.035∗	<.001
Mechanical hemolysis, MFI, %	0.732 ± 0.182	0.802 ± 0.227∗	0.663 ± 0.161∗,†	<.001	0.978 ± 0.273∗	<.001
Oxidative hemolysis, mg/dL	7.4 ± 7.6	6.4 ± 6.0	8.4 ± 7.2	ns	11.2 ± 9.7∗	.010
Oxidative stress
ROS, RFU	652 ± 415	524 ± 186	686 ± 293†	.023	546 ± 233	ns
tBHP-induced ROS, RFU	3242 ± 1606	3085 ± 2339	4471 ± 3927	ns	2909 ± 2345‡	.082
PHZ-induced ROS, RFU	7633 ± 1324	8149 ± 1699	8215 ± 2621	ns	8527 ± 1623∗	.013
Membrane-bound hemichromes, μΜ	25.9 ± 6.4	26.8 ± 6.7	30.2 ± 7.7‡	.061	22.6 ± 5.3‡	.074
PS⁺ RBCs, %	0.86 ± 1.12	0.79 ± 1.00	0.69 ± 0.93	ns	0.23 ± 0.15∗	<.001
Proteolytic proteasome activity
CH-like, RFU	29 161 ± 13 451	29 690 ± 12915	31 618 ± 17 068	ns	28 526 ± 13 289	ns
CASP-like, RFU	19 162 ± 8051	18 874 ± 4868	19 272 ± 6850	ns	19 172 ± 5 936	ns
TR-like, RFU	48 420 ± 17 168	52 596 ± 18410	53 394 ± 18 781	ns	44 305 ± 12 097	ns
CH-like, m, RFU	26 209 ± 22 747	25 423 ± 15 046	36 494 ± 25 101∗,†	.003	44 142 ± 30 656∗	.004
CASP-like, m, RFU	21 222 ± 19 234	22 757 ± 18 233	29 478 ± 19 267∗,†	.007	35 463 ± 27 523∗	.011
TR-like, m, RFU	27 755 ± 28 048	26 053 ± 21 901	31 217 ± 25 752	ns	29 430 ± 20 838	ns
Plasma sEVs
sEV concentration, ×10¹⁰/mL	20.2 ± 8.4	20.4 ± 9.5	21.2 ± 9.6	ns	7.4 ± 3.3∗	.004
sEV size, nm	159 ± 24	152 ± 25	151 ± 28	.093	110 ± 14∗	<.001
Plasma antioxidant capacity
TAC, μM Fe²⁺	406 ± 91	407 ± 87	381 ± 86∗,†	.024	248 ± 54∗	<.001
UAiAC, μM Fe²⁺	217 ± 73	210 ± 72	207 ± 66	ns	124 ± 47∗	<.001
UAdAC, μM Fe²⁺	190 ± 60	197 ± 54	174 ± 67†	.018	124 ± 32∗	<.001

Before, after, week: repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman (Wilcoxon) tests; RBC units vs before: independent t test or Mann-Whitney U (2 samples) test.

CASP, caspase; CH, chymotrypsin; m; membrane; MCF, mean corpuscular fragility index; MFI, mechanical fragility index; ns, not significant; PHZ, phenylhydrazine; RFU, relative fluorescence units; ROS, reactive oxygen species; sEV, small EVs; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; tBHP, tert-butyl hydroperoxide; TR, trypsin; UAiAC, UA-independent antioxidant capacity; UAdAC, UA-dependent antioxidant capacity.

∗

P < .05 vs before.

†

P < .05 vs after.

‡

.05 < P < .10 (statistical trend).

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