Baseline characteristics (2000-2002) stratified by quartile of average exposure to PM2.5 in 2000-2018: the MESA
| Characteristic . | Overall . | PM2.5 (μg/m3) . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1 . | Quartile 2 . | Quartile 3 . | Quartile 4 . | ||
| 7.72-11.47 . | ≥11.47-12.95 . | ≥12.95-15.12 . | ≥15.12-30.14 . | ||
| No. | 6651 | 1662 | 1663 | 1663 | 1663 |
| Age, y | 62.1 ± 10.2 | 59.9 ± 10.0 | 61.3 ± 9.5 | 63.4 ± 10.5 | 64.0 ± 10.5 |
| Male sex | 47.0 | 49.6 | 44.0 | 47.0 | 47.4 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| White | 38.4 | 53.2 | 47.8 | 35.1 | 17.6 |
| Chinese | 12.0 | 3.9 | 7.0 | 11.9 | 25.2 |
| Black | 27.5 | 15.4 | 40.2 | 33.9 | 20.8 |
| Hispanic | 22.0 | 27.6 | 5.0 | 19.2 | 36.4 |
| Site | |||||
| Winston-Salem, NC | 15.7 | 12.7 | 31.6 | 13.8 | 4.6 |
| New York, NY | 16.3 | 2.3 | 10.5 | 32.2 | 20.0 |
| Baltimore, MD | 15.7 | 15.5 | 23.0 | 15.6 | 8.5 |
| St. Paul, MN | 15.6 | 62.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Chicago, IL | 17.2 | 5.5 | 32.7 | 25.0 | 5.8 |
| Los Angeles County, CA | 19.6 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 13.4 | 61.2 |
| Education level | |||||
| Less than high school graduate | 18.0 | 13.8 | 7.8 | 18.1 | 32.2 |
| High school graduate | 18.2 | 19.3 | 16.8 | 16.6 | 20.1 |
| Some college/technical school | 23.4 | 27.5 | 23.4 | 23.3 | 19.2 |
| College degree | 22.4 | 22.1 | 26.4 | 21.7 | 19.5 |
| Graduate school | 18.0 | 17.3 | 25.6 | 20.3 | 9.0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.3 ± 5.5 | 29.1 ± 5.2 | 28.3 ± 5.4 | 28.2 ± 5.5 | 27.7 ± 5.6 |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 50.4 | 46.8 | 48.8 | 51.4 | 54.5 |
| Former | 36.6 | 39.5 | 39.9 | 34.8 | 32.4 |
| Current | 13.0 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 13.8 | 13.2 |
| Secondhand smoke exposure | |||||
| None | 50.6 | 41.3 | 45.0 | 51.5 | 64.7 |
| 1-9 h/wk | 24.8 | 30.9 | 29.1 | 24.2 | 15.2 |
| ≥10 h/wk | 8.9 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 8.4 | 5.6 |
| Current smoker | 13.0 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 13.8 | 13.2 |
| Missing | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Moderate and vigorous physical activity, MET-min/wk | 4005 (1980, 7500) | 5119 (2550, 9060) | 4275 (2250, 7658) | 4028 (2010, 7275) | 2850 (1343, 5760) |
| D-dimer, μg/mL | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.4) |
| Factor VIII, % | 99 ± 38 | 96 ± 35 | 98 ± 37 | 100 ± 39 | 102 ± 39 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.9 (0.8, 4.2) | 2.0 (0.9, 4.3) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.3) | 1.8 (0.8, 4.2) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.1) |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 346.6 ± 73.9 | 344.1 ± 71.9 | 340.5 ± 72.0 | 348.8 ± 75.1 | 353.2 ± 75.9 |
| NO2 2000-2018 average, ppb | 17.9 ± 8.2 | 10.6 ± 3.0 | 14.0 ± 5.6 | 20.6 ± 6.7 | 26.4 ± 5.7 |
| NOx 2000-2018 average, ppb | 36.1 ± 19.6 | 19.2 ± 6.5 | 26.3 ± 11.6 | 42.0 ± 15.7 | 56.8 ± 16.5 |
| O3 2000-2018 average, ppb | 22.2 ± 3.7 | 24.2 ± 2.0 | 24.0 ± 2.8 | 21.1 ± 3.9 | 19.4 ± 3.4 |
| Characteristic . | Overall . | PM2.5 (μg/m3) . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1 . | Quartile 2 . | Quartile 3 . | Quartile 4 . | ||
| 7.72-11.47 . | ≥11.47-12.95 . | ≥12.95-15.12 . | ≥15.12-30.14 . | ||
| No. | 6651 | 1662 | 1663 | 1663 | 1663 |
| Age, y | 62.1 ± 10.2 | 59.9 ± 10.0 | 61.3 ± 9.5 | 63.4 ± 10.5 | 64.0 ± 10.5 |
| Male sex | 47.0 | 49.6 | 44.0 | 47.0 | 47.4 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| White | 38.4 | 53.2 | 47.8 | 35.1 | 17.6 |
| Chinese | 12.0 | 3.9 | 7.0 | 11.9 | 25.2 |
| Black | 27.5 | 15.4 | 40.2 | 33.9 | 20.8 |
| Hispanic | 22.0 | 27.6 | 5.0 | 19.2 | 36.4 |
| Site | |||||
| Winston-Salem, NC | 15.7 | 12.7 | 31.6 | 13.8 | 4.6 |
| New York, NY | 16.3 | 2.3 | 10.5 | 32.2 | 20.0 |
| Baltimore, MD | 15.7 | 15.5 | 23.0 | 15.6 | 8.5 |
| St. Paul, MN | 15.6 | 62.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Chicago, IL | 17.2 | 5.5 | 32.7 | 25.0 | 5.8 |
| Los Angeles County, CA | 19.6 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 13.4 | 61.2 |
| Education level | |||||
| Less than high school graduate | 18.0 | 13.8 | 7.8 | 18.1 | 32.2 |
| High school graduate | 18.2 | 19.3 | 16.8 | 16.6 | 20.1 |
| Some college/technical school | 23.4 | 27.5 | 23.4 | 23.3 | 19.2 |
| College degree | 22.4 | 22.1 | 26.4 | 21.7 | 19.5 |
| Graduate school | 18.0 | 17.3 | 25.6 | 20.3 | 9.0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.3 ± 5.5 | 29.1 ± 5.2 | 28.3 ± 5.4 | 28.2 ± 5.5 | 27.7 ± 5.6 |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 50.4 | 46.8 | 48.8 | 51.4 | 54.5 |
| Former | 36.6 | 39.5 | 39.9 | 34.8 | 32.4 |
| Current | 13.0 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 13.8 | 13.2 |
| Secondhand smoke exposure | |||||
| None | 50.6 | 41.3 | 45.0 | 51.5 | 64.7 |
| 1-9 h/wk | 24.8 | 30.9 | 29.1 | 24.2 | 15.2 |
| ≥10 h/wk | 8.9 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 8.4 | 5.6 |
| Current smoker | 13.0 | 13.7 | 11.3 | 13.8 | 13.2 |
| Missing | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
| Moderate and vigorous physical activity, MET-min/wk | 4005 (1980, 7500) | 5119 (2550, 9060) | 4275 (2250, 7658) | 4028 (2010, 7275) | 2850 (1343, 5760) |
| D-dimer, μg/mL | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.4) |
| Factor VIII, % | 99 ± 38 | 96 ± 35 | 98 ± 37 | 100 ± 39 | 102 ± 39 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.9) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) |
| CRP, mg/L | 1.9 (0.8, 4.2) | 2.0 (0.9, 4.3) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.3) | 1.8 (0.8, 4.2) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.1) |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 346.6 ± 73.9 | 344.1 ± 71.9 | 340.5 ± 72.0 | 348.8 ± 75.1 | 353.2 ± 75.9 |
| NO2 2000-2018 average, ppb | 17.9 ± 8.2 | 10.6 ± 3.0 | 14.0 ± 5.6 | 20.6 ± 6.7 | 26.4 ± 5.7 |
| NOx 2000-2018 average, ppb | 36.1 ± 19.6 | 19.2 ± 6.5 | 26.3 ± 11.6 | 42.0 ± 15.7 | 56.8 ± 16.5 |
| O3 2000-2018 average, ppb | 22.2 ± 3.7 | 24.2 ± 2.0 | 24.0 ± 2.8 | 21.1 ± 3.9 | 19.4 ± 3.4 |
Data are presented as percentage for categorical variables and mean ± standard deviation or median [25th percentile, 75th percentile] for continuous variables.
MET, metabolic equivalent of task.