Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of CaRISMA trial participants
| Characteristic . | Total (N = 359) . | Intervention arm . | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CBT (n = 181) . | Education (n = 178) . | ||
| Enrolled via | |||
| Clinic | 265 (73.8%) | 133 (73.5%) | 132 (74.2%) |
| Virtual | 94 (26.2%) | 48 (26.5%) | 46 (25.8%) |
| Age at baseline (y) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 36 (10) | 36 (10) | 36 (11) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 119 (33.1%) | 70 (38.7%) | 49 (27.5%) |
| Female | 238 (66.3%) | 110 (60.8%) | 128 (71.9%) |
| Prefer not to answer | 2 (0.6%) | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.6%) |
| Race | |||
| Black/African American | 332 (92.5%) | 169 (93.4%) | 163 (91.6%) |
| White | 2 (0.6%) | 0 | 2 (1.1%) |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1 (0.3%) | 0 | 1 (0.6%) |
| Mixed/other | 15 (4.2%) | 7 (3.9%) | 8 (4.5%) |
| Prefer not to answer | 9 (2.5%) | 5 (2.8%) | 4 (2.2%) |
| Education | |||
| Some high school | 22 (6.1%) | 12 (6.6%) | 10 (5.6%) |
| Completed high school or equivalent | 69 (19.2%) | 33 (18.2%) | 36 (20.2%) |
| Some college | 160 (44.6%) | 83 (45.9%) | 77 (43.3%) |
| Completed college | 61 (17.0%) | 31 (17.1%) | 30 (16.9%) |
| Graduate studies | 47 (13.1%) | 22 (12.2%) | 25 (14.0%) |
| Employment status | |||
| Yes, employed | 132 (36.8%) | 67 (37.0%) | 65 (36.5%) |
| No, not employed | 63 (17.5%) | 31 (17.1%) | 32 (18.0%) |
| Disability | 164 (45.7%) | 83 (45.9%) | 81 (45.5%) |
| Pain interference (PROMIS-8a) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 62.6 (7.1) | 62.2 (7.3) | 62.9 (7.0) |
| Proportion of days in happy mood (2 wk) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.2) |
| Average daily pain intensity (2 wk) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 4.4 (2.5) | 4.2 (2.5) | 4.5 (2.5) |
| PHQ-9 depressive symptomseverity∗ | |||
| Minimal (0-4) | 35 (12.0%) | 13 (9.0%) | 22 (14.9%) |
| Mild (5-9) | 116 (39.7%) | 60 (41.7%) | 56 (37.8%) |
| Moderate (10-14) | 76 (26.0%) | 34 (23.6%) | 42 (28.4%) |
| Moderately severe (15-19) | 50 (17.1%) | 29 (20.1%) | 21 (14.2%) |
| Severe (20-27) | 15 (5.1%) | 8 (5.6%) | 7 (4.7%) |
| Did not complete | 67 | 37 | 30 |
| Suicidal ideation (PHQ) item 9 | |||
| No | 175 (85.4%) | 84 (84.8%) | 91 (85.8%) |
| Yes | 30 (14.6%) | 15 (15.2%) | 15 (14.2%) |
| GAD-7 anxiety symptom severity† | |||
| Minimal (0-4) | 46 (18.3%) | 23 (17.6%) | 23 (19.2%) |
| Mild (5-9) | 113 (45.0%) | 61 (46.6%) | 52 (43.3%) |
| Moderate (10-14) | 62 (24.7%) | 31 (23.7%) | 31 (25.8%) |
| Severe (15-21) | 30 (12.0%) | 16 (12.2%) | 14 (11.7%) |
| Did not complete | 108 | 50 | 58 |
| ASCQ-Me: pain episode frequency | |||
| Mean (SD) | 48.3 (12.3) | 48.2 (12.1) | 48.3 (12.6) |
| ASCQ-Me: pain episode severity | |||
| Mean (SD) | 47.3 (13.3) | 47.7 (13.3) | 46.8 (13.4) |
| ASCQ-Me: social functioning impact | |||
| Mean (SD) | 47.3 (7.9) | 47.4 (8.6) | 47.1 (7.1) |
| ASCQ-Me: emotional impact | |||
| Mean (SD) | 48.0 (8.8) | 47.2 (8.8) | 48.8 (8.8) |
| Pain catastrophizing scale score | |||
| Mean (SD) | 9 (4.0) | 9 (4.0) | 9 (4.0) |
| Sickle Cell Self-Efficacy Scale (SCSES) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 29 (7.0) | 28 (6.0) | 29 (7.0) |
| Characteristic . | Total (N = 359) . | Intervention arm . | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CBT (n = 181) . | Education (n = 178) . | ||
| Enrolled via | |||
| Clinic | 265 (73.8%) | 133 (73.5%) | 132 (74.2%) |
| Virtual | 94 (26.2%) | 48 (26.5%) | 46 (25.8%) |
| Age at baseline (y) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 36 (10) | 36 (10) | 36 (11) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 119 (33.1%) | 70 (38.7%) | 49 (27.5%) |
| Female | 238 (66.3%) | 110 (60.8%) | 128 (71.9%) |
| Prefer not to answer | 2 (0.6%) | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.6%) |
| Race | |||
| Black/African American | 332 (92.5%) | 169 (93.4%) | 163 (91.6%) |
| White | 2 (0.6%) | 0 | 2 (1.1%) |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1 (0.3%) | 0 | 1 (0.6%) |
| Mixed/other | 15 (4.2%) | 7 (3.9%) | 8 (4.5%) |
| Prefer not to answer | 9 (2.5%) | 5 (2.8%) | 4 (2.2%) |
| Education | |||
| Some high school | 22 (6.1%) | 12 (6.6%) | 10 (5.6%) |
| Completed high school or equivalent | 69 (19.2%) | 33 (18.2%) | 36 (20.2%) |
| Some college | 160 (44.6%) | 83 (45.9%) | 77 (43.3%) |
| Completed college | 61 (17.0%) | 31 (17.1%) | 30 (16.9%) |
| Graduate studies | 47 (13.1%) | 22 (12.2%) | 25 (14.0%) |
| Employment status | |||
| Yes, employed | 132 (36.8%) | 67 (37.0%) | 65 (36.5%) |
| No, not employed | 63 (17.5%) | 31 (17.1%) | 32 (18.0%) |
| Disability | 164 (45.7%) | 83 (45.9%) | 81 (45.5%) |
| Pain interference (PROMIS-8a) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 62.6 (7.1) | 62.2 (7.3) | 62.9 (7.0) |
| Proportion of days in happy mood (2 wk) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.1 (0.2) |
| Average daily pain intensity (2 wk) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 4.4 (2.5) | 4.2 (2.5) | 4.5 (2.5) |
| PHQ-9 depressive symptomseverity∗ | |||
| Minimal (0-4) | 35 (12.0%) | 13 (9.0%) | 22 (14.9%) |
| Mild (5-9) | 116 (39.7%) | 60 (41.7%) | 56 (37.8%) |
| Moderate (10-14) | 76 (26.0%) | 34 (23.6%) | 42 (28.4%) |
| Moderately severe (15-19) | 50 (17.1%) | 29 (20.1%) | 21 (14.2%) |
| Severe (20-27) | 15 (5.1%) | 8 (5.6%) | 7 (4.7%) |
| Did not complete | 67 | 37 | 30 |
| Suicidal ideation (PHQ) item 9 | |||
| No | 175 (85.4%) | 84 (84.8%) | 91 (85.8%) |
| Yes | 30 (14.6%) | 15 (15.2%) | 15 (14.2%) |
| GAD-7 anxiety symptom severity† | |||
| Minimal (0-4) | 46 (18.3%) | 23 (17.6%) | 23 (19.2%) |
| Mild (5-9) | 113 (45.0%) | 61 (46.6%) | 52 (43.3%) |
| Moderate (10-14) | 62 (24.7%) | 31 (23.7%) | 31 (25.8%) |
| Severe (15-21) | 30 (12.0%) | 16 (12.2%) | 14 (11.7%) |
| Did not complete | 108 | 50 | 58 |
| ASCQ-Me: pain episode frequency | |||
| Mean (SD) | 48.3 (12.3) | 48.2 (12.1) | 48.3 (12.6) |
| ASCQ-Me: pain episode severity | |||
| Mean (SD) | 47.3 (13.3) | 47.7 (13.3) | 46.8 (13.4) |
| ASCQ-Me: social functioning impact | |||
| Mean (SD) | 47.3 (7.9) | 47.4 (8.6) | 47.1 (7.1) |
| ASCQ-Me: emotional impact | |||
| Mean (SD) | 48.0 (8.8) | 47.2 (8.8) | 48.8 (8.8) |
| Pain catastrophizing scale score | |||
| Mean (SD) | 9 (4.0) | 9 (4.0) | 9 (4.0) |
| Sickle Cell Self-Efficacy Scale (SCSES) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 29 (7.0) | 28 (6.0) | 29 (7.0) |