Table 1.

Select studies of second- and third-generation TKIs for Ph+ ALL

Group (study)Low-intensity induction?PhaseRegimenNAge in years, median (range)CMR (%)alloHCT, CR1 (%)DFS/RFS/ EFS (%)OS (%)
GIMEMA(Italy)
LAL1205
NCT00391989
2006-2008 
Yes Ind: DAS, pred
Cons: per investigator 
53 54 (24-77) 23 (best) 34 51 (1.7-yr DFS) 69 (1.7 yr) 
MDACC(US)
NCT00390793
2006-2012 
No Ind/cons: DAS +  hyper-CVAD 72 (63a55 (21-80) 65 (best) 17 42 (5-yr EFS)
44 (5-yr DFS) 
46 (5 yr) 
EWALL(Europe)
Ph01
NCT02888977
2007-2010 
Yes Ind: DAS, vinc, dex
Cons: DAS, low-int chemo 
71 69 (59-83) 24 (MRD2) 10 27 (5-yr EFS)
28 (5-yr RFS) 
36 (5 yr) 
SWOG (US)
SWOG 0805
NCT00792948
2009-2013 
No DAS + hyper-CVAD 94 (60a44 (20-60) 52 55 (3-yr EFS)
62 (3-yr RFS) 
69 (3 yr) 
CALGB(US)
C10701
NCT01256398
2010-2014 
Yes Ind: DAS, dex
Cons: alloHSCT or autoHSCT; or chemo (>70 yrs) 
65 60 (22-87) 40 (end course IV) 48 37 (5-yr DFS) 48 (5 yr) 
GIMEMA(Italy)
TOTAL Therapy LAL1509
NCT03318770
2011-2013 
Yes Ind: DAS, pred
Cons: if CMR → DAS; no CMR → DAS plus HSCT or chemo 
60 42 (19-59) 18 (end ind) 37 47 (5-yr DFS) 56 (5 yr) 
DFCI
DF/HCC 18-170
2018-2022 
Yes Ind: DAS, ASC, pred
Cons: DAS, ASC 
22 64 (33-85) 33 63 (2-yr EFS) 75 (2 yr) 
KAALLWP(Korea)
NCT00844298
2009-2012 
No Ind/cons: NIL +  chemo 90 46 (17-71) 86 (best) 63 72 (2-yr RFS) 72 (2 yr) 
EWALL(Europe)
Ph02
NCT01528085
2012-2020 
Yes Ind: NIL, vinc, pred
Cons: NIL, low-int chemo 
72 65 (55-85) 14 (end ind)
58 (end cons) 
33 42 (4-yr EFS) 47 (4 yr) 
GRAALL(SAKK)
GRAAPH-2014
NCT02611492
2015-2019 
Yes Ind: NIL, vinc, pred
Cons: NIL + high- (A) vs. low- (B) int chemo (1:1) 
156 47 (39-54 IQR) 26 (TP4) 60 A: 76 (4-yr RFS)
B: 58 (4-yr RFS)
p = 0.028 
A: 79 (4 yr)
B: 72 (4 yr)
p = 0.88 
MDACC(US)
NCT01424982
2011-2019 
No PON + hyper-CVAD 86 (66a46 (21-80) 87 (best) 23 65 (6-yr EFS)
80 (6-yr DFS) 
75 (6 yr) 
GIMEMA(Italy)
INCB4344-20/
LAL1811
NCT01641107
2014-2017 
Yes PON + pred 44 67 (26-85);
80% ≥ 60 yrs 
41 (week 24)
82% (overall) 
14 14.3 mo (med, EFS) NR (median) 
PETHEMA(Spain)
PONAFIL
NCT02776605
2017-2020 
No PON + high- int chemo 30 49 (19-59) 47 (ind)
71% (cons) 
87 70 (3-yr EFS) 96 (3 yr) 
PhALLCON (Global)
NCT03589326
2018-2022 
Yes PON vs IM + low-int chemo (2:1) 245 54 MR4.5 after C9
46 (PON)
26 (IM) 
31 (PON)
37 (IM) 
Med EFS 29.0
Med EFS NR
(HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.39-1.1) 
Med OS NR
Med OS NR
(HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.38-1.52) 
Group (study)Low-intensity induction?PhaseRegimenNAge in years, median (range)CMR (%)alloHCT, CR1 (%)DFS/RFS/ EFS (%)OS (%)
GIMEMA(Italy)
LAL1205
NCT00391989
2006-2008 
Yes Ind: DAS, pred
Cons: per investigator 
53 54 (24-77) 23 (best) 34 51 (1.7-yr DFS) 69 (1.7 yr) 
MDACC(US)
NCT00390793
2006-2012 
No Ind/cons: DAS +  hyper-CVAD 72 (63a55 (21-80) 65 (best) 17 42 (5-yr EFS)
44 (5-yr DFS) 
46 (5 yr) 
EWALL(Europe)
Ph01
NCT02888977
2007-2010 
Yes Ind: DAS, vinc, dex
Cons: DAS, low-int chemo 
71 69 (59-83) 24 (MRD2) 10 27 (5-yr EFS)
28 (5-yr RFS) 
36 (5 yr) 
SWOG (US)
SWOG 0805
NCT00792948
2009-2013 
No DAS + hyper-CVAD 94 (60a44 (20-60) 52 55 (3-yr EFS)
62 (3-yr RFS) 
69 (3 yr) 
CALGB(US)
C10701
NCT01256398
2010-2014 
Yes Ind: DAS, dex
Cons: alloHSCT or autoHSCT; or chemo (>70 yrs) 
65 60 (22-87) 40 (end course IV) 48 37 (5-yr DFS) 48 (5 yr) 
GIMEMA(Italy)
TOTAL Therapy LAL1509
NCT03318770
2011-2013 
Yes Ind: DAS, pred
Cons: if CMR → DAS; no CMR → DAS plus HSCT or chemo 
60 42 (19-59) 18 (end ind) 37 47 (5-yr DFS) 56 (5 yr) 
DFCI
DF/HCC 18-170
2018-2022 
Yes Ind: DAS, ASC, pred
Cons: DAS, ASC 
22 64 (33-85) 33 63 (2-yr EFS) 75 (2 yr) 
KAALLWP(Korea)
NCT00844298
2009-2012 
No Ind/cons: NIL +  chemo 90 46 (17-71) 86 (best) 63 72 (2-yr RFS) 72 (2 yr) 
EWALL(Europe)
Ph02
NCT01528085
2012-2020 
Yes Ind: NIL, vinc, pred
Cons: NIL, low-int chemo 
72 65 (55-85) 14 (end ind)
58 (end cons) 
33 42 (4-yr EFS) 47 (4 yr) 
GRAALL(SAKK)
GRAAPH-2014
NCT02611492
2015-2019 
Yes Ind: NIL, vinc, pred
Cons: NIL + high- (A) vs. low- (B) int chemo (1:1) 
156 47 (39-54 IQR) 26 (TP4) 60 A: 76 (4-yr RFS)
B: 58 (4-yr RFS)
p = 0.028 
A: 79 (4 yr)
B: 72 (4 yr)
p = 0.88 
MDACC(US)
NCT01424982
2011-2019 
No PON + hyper-CVAD 86 (66a46 (21-80) 87 (best) 23 65 (6-yr EFS)
80 (6-yr DFS) 
75 (6 yr) 
GIMEMA(Italy)
INCB4344-20/
LAL1811
NCT01641107
2014-2017 
Yes PON + pred 44 67 (26-85);
80% ≥ 60 yrs 
41 (week 24)
82% (overall) 
14 14.3 mo (med, EFS) NR (median) 
PETHEMA(Spain)
PONAFIL
NCT02776605
2017-2020 
No PON + high- int chemo 30 49 (19-59) 47 (ind)
71% (cons) 
87 70 (3-yr EFS) 96 (3 yr) 
PhALLCON (Global)
NCT03589326
2018-2022 
Yes PON vs IM + low-int chemo (2:1) 245 54 MR4.5 after C9
46 (PON)
26 (IM) 
31 (PON)
37 (IM) 
Med EFS 29.0
Med EFS NR
(HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.39-1.1) 
Med OS NR
Med OS NR
(HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.38-1.52) 
a

In remission at enrollment.

alloHSCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant; Chemo, chemotherapy; CMR, complete molecular remission; cons, consolidation; CR, complete remission; DAS, dasatinib; dex, dexamethasone; DFS, disease-free survival; EFS, event-free survival; HR, hazard ratio; IM, imatinib; ind, induction; int, intensity; IQR, interquartile range; med, median; mo, month; MR, molecular response; MRD, measurable residual disease; NIL, nilotinib; NR, not reached; OS, overall survival; PON, ponatinib; pred, prednisone; SAKK (France, Belgium, and Switzerland); TP, timepoint; US, United States; vinc, vincristine; yr, year.

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