Clinico-biological and outcome characteristics of adult and pediatric T-ALL (GRAALL and FRALLE protocols)
| Variable . | GRAALL03/05 (training cohort) . | FRALLE2000T (validation cohort) . | Total . | P value∗ . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 198) . | (N = 242) . | (n = 440) . | ||
| Male | 144 (73%) | 188 (78%) | 332 (75%) | .3 |
| Age, y† | 30 (23-39) | 10 (5-13) | 15 (9-28) | <.001 |
| WBC count, G/L† | 34 (12-108) | 93 (25-191) | 62 (17-158) | <.001 |
| CNS involvement‡ | 22 (11%) | 23 (10%) | 45 (10%) | .6 |
| Immunophenotype | ||||
| ETP phenotype | 36/165 (22%) | 13/114 (11%) | 49/279 (18%) | .03 |
| Immature (IM0/d/g)§ | 48/189 (25%) | 32/198 (16%) | 80/387 (21%) | .03 |
| Cortical (IMb/pre-ab) | 100/189 (53%) | 99/198 (49%) | 199/387 (51%) | .6 |
| Mature TCRab | 22/189 (12%) | 41/198 (20%) | 63/387 (16%) | .02 |
| Mature TCRgd | 19/189 (10%) | 26/198 (13%) | 45/387 (12%) | .4 |
| Oncogenetic classification | ||||
| TLX1 | 45/183 (25%) | 9/199 (5%) | 54/382 (14%) | <.001 |
| TLX3 | 23/183 (13%) | 41/199 (21%) | 64/382 (17%) | .04 |
| SIL-TAL1 | 16/183 (9%) | 38/199 (19%) | 54/382 (14%) | .005 |
| CALM-AF10 | 9/183 (5%) | 3/199 (2%) | 12/382 (3%) | .08 |
| Treatment response | ||||
| Good prednisone response | 111/198 (56%) | 141/237 (57%) | 252/435 (58%) | .5 |
| Chemosensitivity | 118/198 (60%) | 211/237 (89%) | 329/435 (76%) | <.001 |
| MRD1 >10−4 | 36/120 (30%) | 80/212 (38%) | 116/332 (35%) | .2 |
| Allo-HSCT | 77/198 (39%) | 24/242 (10%) | 101/440 (23%) | <.001 |
| Variable . | GRAALL03/05 (training cohort) . | FRALLE2000T (validation cohort) . | Total . | P value∗ . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 198) . | (N = 242) . | (n = 440) . | ||
| Male | 144 (73%) | 188 (78%) | 332 (75%) | .3 |
| Age, y† | 30 (23-39) | 10 (5-13) | 15 (9-28) | <.001 |
| WBC count, G/L† | 34 (12-108) | 93 (25-191) | 62 (17-158) | <.001 |
| CNS involvement‡ | 22 (11%) | 23 (10%) | 45 (10%) | .6 |
| Immunophenotype | ||||
| ETP phenotype | 36/165 (22%) | 13/114 (11%) | 49/279 (18%) | .03 |
| Immature (IM0/d/g)§ | 48/189 (25%) | 32/198 (16%) | 80/387 (21%) | .03 |
| Cortical (IMb/pre-ab) | 100/189 (53%) | 99/198 (49%) | 199/387 (51%) | .6 |
| Mature TCRab | 22/189 (12%) | 41/198 (20%) | 63/387 (16%) | .02 |
| Mature TCRgd | 19/189 (10%) | 26/198 (13%) | 45/387 (12%) | .4 |
| Oncogenetic classification | ||||
| TLX1 | 45/183 (25%) | 9/199 (5%) | 54/382 (14%) | <.001 |
| TLX3 | 23/183 (13%) | 41/199 (21%) | 64/382 (17%) | .04 |
| SIL-TAL1 | 16/183 (9%) | 38/199 (19%) | 54/382 (14%) | .005 |
| CALM-AF10 | 9/183 (5%) | 3/199 (2%) | 12/382 (3%) | .08 |
| Treatment response | ||||
| Good prednisone response | 111/198 (56%) | 141/237 (57%) | 252/435 (58%) | .5 |
| Chemosensitivity | 118/198 (60%) | 211/237 (89%) | 329/435 (76%) | <.001 |
| MRD1 >10−4 | 36/120 (30%) | 80/212 (38%) | 116/332 (35%) | .2 |
| Allo-HSCT | 77/198 (39%) | 24/242 (10%) | 101/440 (23%) | <.001 |
MRD1 corresponds to MRD evaluation after induction and was performed by allele-specific oligonucleotides polymerase chain reaction. T-cell receptor (TCR) status and molecular characterization were performed as described in supplemental Methods. P values <.05 are indicated in bold.
Allo-HSCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; CNS, central nervous system.
Statistical tests performed: Fisher exact test; Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Statistics presented as median (Q1-Q3).
CNS involvement; CNS3 in FRALLE2000T trial; CNS2 and/or CNS3 in GRAALL2003 and GRAALL2005 trials.
T-ALL are divided into 4 subclasses as follows: (1) immature (no detectable TCRb variable diversity joining [IM0/d/g]): IM0 (TCRd and TCRg germline), IMd (TCRd rearranged but not TCRg), and IMg (both TCRd and TCRg rearranged); (2) T-ALL early-cortical IMb/Pre-ab; (3) mature sTCRab+; and (4) mature sTCRgd.1