Table 1. Guidelines and clinical... | American Society of Hematology

Table 1.

Guidelines and clinical practice recommendations for HCC screening in persons with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or MASLD

Modality and frequency of HCC screening: ultrasound every 6 mo (AASLD, EASL) with or without α-fetoprotein (AASLD)
Screening recommended	Guideline/practice recommendation
Cirrhosis due to any cause	AASLD, EASL, AGA, MASAC
Hepatitis C–related cirrhosis followed by sustained virological response to direct-acting antiviral treatment	AASLD, EASL
Hepatitis B carrier and family history of HCC	AASLD, MASAC
Asian HBV carriers aged >40 (male) or >50 (female) y	AASLD, MASAC
African and/or North American Black individuals with hepatitis B	AASLD, MASAC
HBV carriers without cirrhosis at intermediate or high risk for HCC	EASL
Stage 4 primary biliary cholangitis	AASLD, MASAC
Genetic hemochromatosis and cirrhosis	AASLD, MASAC
α-1-antitrypsin deficiency and cirrhosis	AASLD, MASAC
Intermediate recommendations
MASH with F3 fibrosis	Should be considered for screening (AGA) Should be screened (MASAC)
Patients with noncirrhotic F3 (any etiology)	Screening not recommended (AASLD) May be considered for screening based on individual risk assessment (EASL)
Uncertain benefit of screening
Hepatitis B carriers younger than 40 (males) or 50 (females) y	AASLD
Hepatitis C and stage 3 fibrosis	AASLD, MASAC
MASLD without cirrhosis	AASLD, MASAC
Not recommended for routine screening
MASLD without advanced liver fibrosis	AGA

Modality and frequency of HCC screening: ultrasound every 6 mo (AASLD, EASL) with or without α-fetoprotein (AASLD)
Screening recommended	Guideline/practice recommendation
Cirrhosis due to any cause	AASLD, EASL, AGA, MASAC
Hepatitis C–related cirrhosis followed by sustained virological response to direct-acting antiviral treatment	AASLD, EASL
Hepatitis B carrier and family history of HCC	AASLD, MASAC
Asian HBV carriers aged >40 (male) or >50 (female) y	AASLD, MASAC
African and/or North American Black individuals with hepatitis B	AASLD, MASAC
HBV carriers without cirrhosis at intermediate or high risk for HCC	EASL
Stage 4 primary biliary cholangitis	AASLD, MASAC
Genetic hemochromatosis and cirrhosis	AASLD, MASAC
α-1-antitrypsin deficiency and cirrhosis	AASLD, MASAC
Intermediate recommendations
MASH with F3 fibrosis	Should be considered for screening (AGA) Should be screened (MASAC)
Patients with noncirrhotic F3 (any etiology)	Screening not recommended (AASLD) May be considered for screening based on individual risk assessment (EASL)
Uncertain benefit of screening
Hepatitis B carriers younger than 40 (males) or 50 (females) y	AASLD
Hepatitis C and stage 3 fibrosis	AASLD, MASAC
MASLD without cirrhosis	AASLD, MASAC
Not recommended for routine screening
MASLD without advanced liver fibrosis	AGA

AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases⁶⁴; AGA, American Gastroenterological Association⁶⁵; EASL, European Association for the Study of the Liver⁶⁶; MASAC, Medical and Scientific Advisory Committee of the National Bleeding Disorders Foundation (Formerly National Hemophilia Foundation)⁶⁷; MASH, metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis.

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