Clinical and transplantation-associated characteristics at diagnosis in patients with and without detectable MRD before relapse (full cohort of 74 patients, mutations in DTA and non-DTA genes were used as MRD markers)
| Characteristic . | All patients (n = 74) . | Molecular marker positive (n = 47, 64%) . | Molecular marker negative (n = 27, 36%) . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | .727 | |||
| Median | 51.9 | 53.2 | 49.6 | |
| Range | 18.2-71.7 | 20.2-71.7 | 18.2-66.8 | |
| Patient sex, no. (%) | .153 | |||
| Male | 41 (55) | 29 (62) | 12 (44) | |
| Female | 33 (45) | 18 (38) | 15 (56) | |
| ECOG performance status before alloHCT, no. (%) | .280 | |||
| ECOG 0-1 | 72 (97) | 45 (96) | 27 (100) | |
| ECOG ≥2 | 2 (3) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| FAB subtype, no. (%) | .061 | |||
| M0 | 7 (9) | 7 (15) | 0 (0) | |
| M1 + M2 | 22 (30) | 16 (34) | 6 (22) | |
| M4 + M5 | 28 (38) | 14 (30) | 14 (52) | |
| M6 + M7 | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | |
| Not classifiable | 15 (20) | 10 (21) | 5 (19) | |
| AML type, no. (%) | .377 | |||
| De novo | 53 (72) | 32 (68) | 21 (78) | |
| Secondary∗ | 21 (28) | 15 (32) | 6 (22) | |
| 2022 ELN risk group, no. (%) | .668 | |||
| Favorable | 5 (7) | 3 (6) | 2 (7) | |
| Intermediate | 42 (57) | 26 (55) | 16 (59) | |
| Adverse | 27 (36) | 18 (38) | 9 (33) | |
| Cytogenetic risk group, no. (%)† | .457 | |||
| Favorable | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Intermediate | 49 (66) | 32 (68) | 17 (63) | |
| Adverse | 24 (32) | 14 (30) | 10 (37) | |
| Complex karyotype, no. (%) | .423 | |||
| Absent | 56 (76) | 37 (79) | 19 (70) | |
| Present | 18 (24) | 10 (21) | 8 (30) | |
| WBC count, ×109/L | .675 | |||
| Median | 15.9 | 12 | 21.8 | |
| Range | 0.5-280.6 | 0.5-259.4 | 2.1-280.6 | |
| No information, no. (%) | 23 (31) | 12 (26) | 11 (41) | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .216 | |||
| Median | 9 | 9 | 8 | |
| Range | 5-15 | 5-15 | 5-13 | |
| No information, no. (%) | 21 (28) | 11 (23) | 10 (37) | |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | .647 | |||
| Median | 58 | 58 | 60 | |
| Range | 7-475 | 7-475 | 20-189 | |
| No information, no. (%) | 21 (28) | 11 (23) | 10 (37) | |
| HCT-CI score before transplantation, no. (%) | .698 | |||
| 0-2 | 46 (62) | 30 (64) | 16 (59) | |
| >2 | 28 (38) | 17 (36) | 11 (41) | |
| Remission status before alloHCT, no. (%) | .908 | |||
| First CR | 44 (59) | 27 (57) | 17 (63) | |
| CRi | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | |
| Second CR | 8 (11) | 8 (17) | 0 (0) | |
| No CR | 21 (28) | 12 (26) | 9 (33) | |
| Donor match, no. (%) | .733 | |||
| MRDonor | 22 (30) | 12 (26) | 10 (37) | |
| MUDonor | 39 (53) | 28 (60) | 11 (41) | |
| MMRDonor/MMUDonor | 13 (18) | 7 (15) | 6 (22) | |
| Conditioning therapy, no. (%) | .316 | |||
| Myeloablative | 44 (59) | 30 (64) | 14 (52) | |
| Reduced intensity | 30 (41) | 17 (36) | 13 (48) | |
| Stem cell source, no. (%) | .081 | |||
| Peripheral blood | 5 (7) | 5 (11) | 0 (0) | |
| Bone marrow | 69 (93) | 42 (89) | 27 (100) | |
| Donor sex, no. (%) | .951 | |||
| Male | 49 (66) | 31 (66) | 18 (67) | |
| Female | 25 (34) | 16 (34) | 9 (33) | |
| CMV status, no. (%) | .925 | |||
| Donor neg/patient neg | 16 (22) | 10 (21) | 6 (22) | |
| Any other constellation | 58 (78) | 37 (79) | 21 (78) | |
| Second malignancy, no. (%) | .108 | |||
| Yes | 8 (11) | 3 (6) | 5 (19) | |
| No | 66 (89) | 44 (94) | 22 (81) | |
| Extramedullary disease, no. (%) | .899 | |||
| Pretransplant | 56 (76) | 36 (77) | 20 (74) | |
| Posttransplant | 6 (8) | 2 (4) | 4 (15) | |
| Pretransplant and posttransplant | 5 (7) | 5 (11) | 0 (0) | |
| Never | 7 (9) | 4 (9) | 3 (11) |
| Characteristic . | All patients (n = 74) . | Molecular marker positive (n = 47, 64%) . | Molecular marker negative (n = 27, 36%) . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | .727 | |||
| Median | 51.9 | 53.2 | 49.6 | |
| Range | 18.2-71.7 | 20.2-71.7 | 18.2-66.8 | |
| Patient sex, no. (%) | .153 | |||
| Male | 41 (55) | 29 (62) | 12 (44) | |
| Female | 33 (45) | 18 (38) | 15 (56) | |
| ECOG performance status before alloHCT, no. (%) | .280 | |||
| ECOG 0-1 | 72 (97) | 45 (96) | 27 (100) | |
| ECOG ≥2 | 2 (3) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| FAB subtype, no. (%) | .061 | |||
| M0 | 7 (9) | 7 (15) | 0 (0) | |
| M1 + M2 | 22 (30) | 16 (34) | 6 (22) | |
| M4 + M5 | 28 (38) | 14 (30) | 14 (52) | |
| M6 + M7 | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | |
| Not classifiable | 15 (20) | 10 (21) | 5 (19) | |
| AML type, no. (%) | .377 | |||
| De novo | 53 (72) | 32 (68) | 21 (78) | |
| Secondary∗ | 21 (28) | 15 (32) | 6 (22) | |
| 2022 ELN risk group, no. (%) | .668 | |||
| Favorable | 5 (7) | 3 (6) | 2 (7) | |
| Intermediate | 42 (57) | 26 (55) | 16 (59) | |
| Adverse | 27 (36) | 18 (38) | 9 (33) | |
| Cytogenetic risk group, no. (%)† | .457 | |||
| Favorable | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Intermediate | 49 (66) | 32 (68) | 17 (63) | |
| Adverse | 24 (32) | 14 (30) | 10 (37) | |
| Complex karyotype, no. (%) | .423 | |||
| Absent | 56 (76) | 37 (79) | 19 (70) | |
| Present | 18 (24) | 10 (21) | 8 (30) | |
| WBC count, ×109/L | .675 | |||
| Median | 15.9 | 12 | 21.8 | |
| Range | 0.5-280.6 | 0.5-259.4 | 2.1-280.6 | |
| No information, no. (%) | 23 (31) | 12 (26) | 11 (41) | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .216 | |||
| Median | 9 | 9 | 8 | |
| Range | 5-15 | 5-15 | 5-13 | |
| No information, no. (%) | 21 (28) | 11 (23) | 10 (37) | |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | .647 | |||
| Median | 58 | 58 | 60 | |
| Range | 7-475 | 7-475 | 20-189 | |
| No information, no. (%) | 21 (28) | 11 (23) | 10 (37) | |
| HCT-CI score before transplantation, no. (%) | .698 | |||
| 0-2 | 46 (62) | 30 (64) | 16 (59) | |
| >2 | 28 (38) | 17 (36) | 11 (41) | |
| Remission status before alloHCT, no. (%) | .908 | |||
| First CR | 44 (59) | 27 (57) | 17 (63) | |
| CRi | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | |
| Second CR | 8 (11) | 8 (17) | 0 (0) | |
| No CR | 21 (28) | 12 (26) | 9 (33) | |
| Donor match, no. (%) | .733 | |||
| MRDonor | 22 (30) | 12 (26) | 10 (37) | |
| MUDonor | 39 (53) | 28 (60) | 11 (41) | |
| MMRDonor/MMUDonor | 13 (18) | 7 (15) | 6 (22) | |
| Conditioning therapy, no. (%) | .316 | |||
| Myeloablative | 44 (59) | 30 (64) | 14 (52) | |
| Reduced intensity | 30 (41) | 17 (36) | 13 (48) | |
| Stem cell source, no. (%) | .081 | |||
| Peripheral blood | 5 (7) | 5 (11) | 0 (0) | |
| Bone marrow | 69 (93) | 42 (89) | 27 (100) | |
| Donor sex, no. (%) | .951 | |||
| Male | 49 (66) | 31 (66) | 18 (67) | |
| Female | 25 (34) | 16 (34) | 9 (33) | |
| CMV status, no. (%) | .925 | |||
| Donor neg/patient neg | 16 (22) | 10 (21) | 6 (22) | |
| Any other constellation | 58 (78) | 37 (79) | 21 (78) | |
| Second malignancy, no. (%) | .108 | |||
| Yes | 8 (11) | 3 (6) | 5 (19) | |
| No | 66 (89) | 44 (94) | 22 (81) | |
| Extramedullary disease, no. (%) | .899 | |||
| Pretransplant | 56 (76) | 36 (77) | 20 (74) | |
| Posttransplant | 6 (8) | 2 (4) | 4 (15) | |
| Pretransplant and posttransplant | 5 (7) | 5 (11) | 0 (0) | |
| Never | 7 (9) | 4 (9) | 3 (11) |
CMV, cytomegalovirus; CRi, CR with incomplete hematologic recovery; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; ELN, European LeukemiaNet; FAB, French American British Classification; HCT-CI, hematopoietic cell transplantation–comorbidity index; MMRDonor, mismatched related donor; MMUDonor, mismatched unrelated donor; MRDonor, matched related donor; MUDonor, matched unrelated donor; neg, negative; WBC, white blood cell.
AML secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome or therapy-related AML
Cytogenetic risk group is defined according to Medical Research Council criteria.22