Bleeding outcomes, pregnancy complications, and mortality in women with HHT vs VWD
| . | HHT N = 100 . | VWD N = 100 . | OR (95% CI) for incidence in the HHT group relative to the VWD group . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence of bleeding by site | ||||
| Recurrent epistaxis, n (%) | 92 (92) | 26 (26) | 32.73 (13.81-71.80) | <.0001∗ |
| GI bleeding, n (%) | 36 (36) | 9 (9) | 5.69 (2.59-12.89) | <.0001∗ |
| Heavy menstrual bleeding, n (%) | 35 (35) | 63 (63) | 0.32 (0.18-0.57) | <.0001∗ |
| Other bleeding, n (%) | 12 (12) | 16 (16) | 0.72 (0.31-1.57) | .42∗ |
| Hemoglobin, hematologic support requirements, and interventions | ||||
| Lowest measured hemoglobin, median (IQR) | 10.7 (7.9-12.6) | 11.4 (9.9-12.5) | n/a | .02† |
| Iron-deficiency anemia, n (%) | 66 (66) | 50 (50) | 1.94 (1.09-3.41) | .02∗ |
| Requirement for IV iron, n (%) | 41 (41) | 10 (10) | 6.25 (2.99-12.78) | < .0001∗ |
| IV iron dependence‡, n (%) | 26 (26) | 2 (2) | 17.22 (4.49-74.77) | < .0001§ |
| Requirement for red cell transfusion, n (%) | 42 (42) | 21 (21) | 2.72 (1.45-4.99) | .001∗ |
| Requirement for hemostatic procedure||, n (%) | 78 (78) | 31 (31) | 7.89 (4.16-14.60) | <.0001∗ |
| Hemostatic procedures, per 100 patient-years | 27.2 | 3.0 | n/a | <.0001¶ |
| Pregnancy-related complications | ||||
| Complications related to HHT/VWD, n (%) | 16 | 13 | 1.28 (0.56-2.79) | .55∗ |
| Complications unrelated to HHT/VWD, n (%) | 9 | 17 | 0.48 (0.20-1.09) | .09∗ |
| Mortality | ||||
| Death of any cause during follow-up, n (%) | 10 (10) | 2 (2) | 5.44 (1.20-25.23) | .03§ |
| Death due to bleeding complications, n (%) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | n/a | .25§ |
| Death due to other complications of the disease, n (%) | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | n/a | .12§ |
| . | HHT N = 100 . | VWD N = 100 . | OR (95% CI) for incidence in the HHT group relative to the VWD group . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence of bleeding by site | ||||
| Recurrent epistaxis, n (%) | 92 (92) | 26 (26) | 32.73 (13.81-71.80) | <.0001∗ |
| GI bleeding, n (%) | 36 (36) | 9 (9) | 5.69 (2.59-12.89) | <.0001∗ |
| Heavy menstrual bleeding, n (%) | 35 (35) | 63 (63) | 0.32 (0.18-0.57) | <.0001∗ |
| Other bleeding, n (%) | 12 (12) | 16 (16) | 0.72 (0.31-1.57) | .42∗ |
| Hemoglobin, hematologic support requirements, and interventions | ||||
| Lowest measured hemoglobin, median (IQR) | 10.7 (7.9-12.6) | 11.4 (9.9-12.5) | n/a | .02† |
| Iron-deficiency anemia, n (%) | 66 (66) | 50 (50) | 1.94 (1.09-3.41) | .02∗ |
| Requirement for IV iron, n (%) | 41 (41) | 10 (10) | 6.25 (2.99-12.78) | < .0001∗ |
| IV iron dependence‡, n (%) | 26 (26) | 2 (2) | 17.22 (4.49-74.77) | < .0001§ |
| Requirement for red cell transfusion, n (%) | 42 (42) | 21 (21) | 2.72 (1.45-4.99) | .001∗ |
| Requirement for hemostatic procedure||, n (%) | 78 (78) | 31 (31) | 7.89 (4.16-14.60) | <.0001∗ |
| Hemostatic procedures, per 100 patient-years | 27.2 | 3.0 | n/a | <.0001¶ |
| Pregnancy-related complications | ||||
| Complications related to HHT/VWD, n (%) | 16 | 13 | 1.28 (0.56-2.79) | .55∗ |
| Complications unrelated to HHT/VWD, n (%) | 9 | 17 | 0.48 (0.20-1.09) | .09∗ |
| Mortality | ||||
| Death of any cause during follow-up, n (%) | 10 (10) | 2 (2) | 5.44 (1.20-25.23) | .03§ |
| Death due to bleeding complications, n (%) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | n/a | .25§ |
| Death due to other complications of the disease, n (%) | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | n/a | .12§ |
Per χ2test (used as no cell value was <5).
Per 2-tailed t test (parametric data).
Defined as a requirement for ≥2000 mg of elemental iron infused over any contiguous 12-month period.
Per Fisher exact test (used as 1 or more cell values were <5).
Included surgical or other interventional procedures in the uterus to manage heavy menstrual bleeding (eg, hysterectomy), nasal cavity to manage epistaxis (eg, nasal cautery), GI tract to manage GI bleeding (eg, endoscopy), or other interventional procedures done to manage bleeding at any site.
Per Wilcoxon rank-sum test (nonparametric data).