Characteristics of 97 226 participants
| Characteristics . | For the analysis . | Not for the analysis . | Effect size (vs for the analysis)∗ . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value (n = 93 207) . | Missing information, no. (%) . | Value (n = 4019) . | Missing information, no. (%) . | ||
| Sex, no. (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 | ||
| Male | 47 753 (51.2) | 2064 (51.4) | |||
| Female | 45 454 (48.8) | 1955 (48.6) | |||
| Gestational age, mean ± SD, wk | 38.8 ± 1.6 | 26 (0.0) | 38.4 ± 2.3 | 2 (0.0) | 0.05 |
| Birth weight, mean ± SD, g | 3 013 ± 427 | 0 (0.0) | 2937 ± 523 | 0 (0.0) | 0.03 |
| Maternal age, mean ± SD, y | 31.8 ± 5.0 | 1 905 (2.0) | NA | 4019 (100.0) | NA |
| Paternal age, mean ± SD, y | 33.7 ± 5.9 | 4 065 (4.4) | NA | 4019 (100.0) | NA |
| Maternal education, no. (%) | 883 (0.9) | 299 (7.4) | 0.10 | ||
| Junior high school | 4 062 (4.4) | 500 (12.5) | |||
| High school | 30 169 (32.4) | 1571 (39.1) | |||
| University/graduate school | 58 093 (62.3) | 1649 (41.0) | |||
| Paternal education, no. (%) | 1 397 (1.5) | 365 (9.1) | 0.07 | ||
| Junior high school | 6 363 (6.8) | 557 (13.9) | |||
| High school | 35 568 (38.2) | 1616 (40.2) | |||
| University/graduate school | 49 879 (53.5) | 1481 (36.8) | |||
| Family income, no. (%) | 6 705 (7.2) | 690 (17.2) | 0.05 | ||
| Low, <4 000 000 JPY | 34 293 (36.8) | 1713 (42.6) | |||
| Middle, 4 000 000-5 999 999 JPY | 28 759 (30.9) | 949 (23.6) | |||
| High, ≥6 000 000 JPY | 23 450 (25.2) | 667 (16.6) | |||
| Maternal alcohol consumption, no. (%) | 2 528 (2.7) | 1 859 (2.0) | 129 (3.2) | 427 (10.6) | 0.01 |
| Maternal tobacco use, no. (%) | 39 405 (42.3) | 925 (1.0) | 2366 (58.9) | 168 (4.2) | 0.07 |
| Maternal exposure during pregnancy, no. (%) | |||||
| Anticancer drugs | 1 291 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 38 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Ionizing radiation | 2 145 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 86 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Anesthetics | 1 005 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 37 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Paternal exposure during preconception, no. (%) | |||||
| Anticancer drugs | 278 (0.3) | 47 980 (51.5) | 8 (0.2) | 2706 (67.3) | <0.01 |
| Ionizing radiation | 1 457 (1.6) | 48 248 (51.8) | 45 (1.1) | 2712 (67.5) | <0.01 |
| Anesthetics | 328 (0.4) | 47 966 (51.5) | 11 (0.3) | 2705 (67.3) | <0.01 |
| Characteristics . | For the analysis . | Not for the analysis . | Effect size (vs for the analysis)∗ . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value (n = 93 207) . | Missing information, no. (%) . | Value (n = 4019) . | Missing information, no. (%) . | ||
| Sex, no. (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 | ||
| Male | 47 753 (51.2) | 2064 (51.4) | |||
| Female | 45 454 (48.8) | 1955 (48.6) | |||
| Gestational age, mean ± SD, wk | 38.8 ± 1.6 | 26 (0.0) | 38.4 ± 2.3 | 2 (0.0) | 0.05 |
| Birth weight, mean ± SD, g | 3 013 ± 427 | 0 (0.0) | 2937 ± 523 | 0 (0.0) | 0.03 |
| Maternal age, mean ± SD, y | 31.8 ± 5.0 | 1 905 (2.0) | NA | 4019 (100.0) | NA |
| Paternal age, mean ± SD, y | 33.7 ± 5.9 | 4 065 (4.4) | NA | 4019 (100.0) | NA |
| Maternal education, no. (%) | 883 (0.9) | 299 (7.4) | 0.10 | ||
| Junior high school | 4 062 (4.4) | 500 (12.5) | |||
| High school | 30 169 (32.4) | 1571 (39.1) | |||
| University/graduate school | 58 093 (62.3) | 1649 (41.0) | |||
| Paternal education, no. (%) | 1 397 (1.5) | 365 (9.1) | 0.07 | ||
| Junior high school | 6 363 (6.8) | 557 (13.9) | |||
| High school | 35 568 (38.2) | 1616 (40.2) | |||
| University/graduate school | 49 879 (53.5) | 1481 (36.8) | |||
| Family income, no. (%) | 6 705 (7.2) | 690 (17.2) | 0.05 | ||
| Low, <4 000 000 JPY | 34 293 (36.8) | 1713 (42.6) | |||
| Middle, 4 000 000-5 999 999 JPY | 28 759 (30.9) | 949 (23.6) | |||
| High, ≥6 000 000 JPY | 23 450 (25.2) | 667 (16.6) | |||
| Maternal alcohol consumption, no. (%) | 2 528 (2.7) | 1 859 (2.0) | 129 (3.2) | 427 (10.6) | 0.01 |
| Maternal tobacco use, no. (%) | 39 405 (42.3) | 925 (1.0) | 2366 (58.9) | 168 (4.2) | 0.07 |
| Maternal exposure during pregnancy, no. (%) | |||||
| Anticancer drugs | 1 291 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 38 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Ionizing radiation | 2 145 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 86 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Anesthetics | 1 005 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 37 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Paternal exposure during preconception, no. (%) | |||||
| Anticancer drugs | 278 (0.3) | 47 980 (51.5) | 8 (0.2) | 2706 (67.3) | <0.01 |
| Ionizing radiation | 1 457 (1.6) | 48 248 (51.8) | 45 (1.1) | 2712 (67.5) | <0.01 |
| Anesthetics | 328 (0.4) | 47 966 (51.5) | 11 (0.3) | 2705 (67.3) | <0.01 |
JPY, Japanese yen; NA, not applicable.
Effect sizes are calculated as φ/Cramer V and r using χ2 and Student t-tests for categorical and numerical variables, respectively.