Patient characteristics based on race and ethnicity
| Patient characteristics . | Hispanic n = 22 . | Non-Hispanic Black n = 36 . | Non-Hispanic White n = 149 . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient age (y), median (IQR) | 57.0 (51.2-65.0) | 64.5 (55.8-71.2) | 65.0 (58.0-69.0) | .07 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 16 (73%) | 15 (42%) | 91 (61%) | .04 |
| Extramedullary disease, n (%) | 13 (59%) | 15 (42%) | 63 (42%) | .3 |
| High marrow burden (≥50%), n (%) | 8 (38%) | 12 (33%) | 35 (27%) | .5 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 18 | |
| ECOG performance status at LD, n (%) | >.9 | |||
| 0 to 1 | 17 (85%) | 25 (81%) | 124 (84%) | |
| 2 to 4 | 3 (15%) | 6 (19%) | 24 (16%) | |
| Unknown | 2 | 5 | 1 | |
| R-ISS at CAR T-cell infusion, n (%) | .7 | |||
| I | 7 (32%) | 7 (22%) | 22 (21%) | |
| II | 10 (45%) | 18 (56%) | 51 (49%) | |
| III | 5 (23%) | 7 (22%) | 31 (30%) | |
| Unknown | 0 | 4 | 45 | |
| High-risk cytogenetics∗ , n (%) | 4 (22%) | 7 (21%) | 50 (38%) | .1 |
| Unknown | 4 | 3 | 18 | |
| Bridging therapy, n (%) | 16 (73%) | 30 (83%) | 114 (77%) | .6 |
| No. of prior lines of therapy, median (IQR) | 6.0 (5.0-8.8) | 7.0 (5.0-10.0) | 6.0 (5.0-8.0) | .2 |
| Prior anti-BCMA therapy, n (%) | 5 (23%) | 10 (28%) | 36 (24%) | .9 |
| Prior auto-SCT, n (%) | 20 (91%) | 29 (81%) | 128 (86%) | .6 |
| Refractory status, n (%) | ||||
| Double refractory | 18 (82%) | 31 (86%) | 130 (87%) | .7 |
| Triple refractory | 16 (73%) | 30 (83%) | 126 (85%) | .4 |
| Penta refractory | 7 (32%) | 14 (39%) | 67 (45%) | .5 |
| Cell dose, n (%) | >.9 | |||
| <400 million cells | 10 (45%) | 16 (44%) | 64 (43%) | |
| ≥400 million cells | 12 (55%) | 20 (56%) | 84 (57%) | |
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Baseline ferritin (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 362.0 (95.2-956.2) | 680.5 (191.5- 2121.2) | 307.0 (121.0-710.0) | .08 |
| Baseline CRP (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.3, 3.2) | 3.5 (0.6, 8.9) | 0.8 (0.4, 2.6) | .02 |
| Baseline β2 microglobulin, median (IQR) | 2.9 (1.4-10.0) | 3.3 (2.4-4.7) | 2.9 (2.4-4.5) | .6 |
| Unknown | 3 | 7 | 54 | |
| Albumin before CAR T-cell infusion, median (IQR) | 3.8 (3.3-4.1) | 3.5 (3.1-3.7) | 3.7 (3.3-4.0) | .04 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase before CAR T-cell infusion, median (IQR) | 214.0 (180.0-274.8) | 228.5 (201.0-292.0) | 210.0 (170.0-268.0) | .2 |
| Met criteria for KarMMa before CAR T-cell infusion, n (%) | 6 (27%) | 7 (19%) | 39 (26%) | .7 |
| Common reasons for KarMMa ineligibility† , n (%) | ||||
| ECOG performance status ≥ 2 | 1 (5%) | 6 (19%) | 19 (13%) | .3 |
| Unknown | 2 | 5 | 1 | |
| Prior anti-BCMA therapy | 5 (23%) | 10 (28%) | 36 (24%) | .9 |
| Organ dysfunction (renal, cardiac, or hepatic)‡ | 2 (9%) | 12 (33%) | 44 (30%) | .1 |
| Cytopenias | ||||
| ANC < 1000/μL | 2 (9%) | 6 (17%) | 17 (11%) | .7 |
| Hemoglobin < 8 g/dL | 1 (5%) | 6 (17%) | 24 (16%) | .4 |
| Platelet count < 50 000/μL | 2 (9%) | 2 (6%) | 13 (9%) | .8 |
| Patient characteristics . | Hispanic n = 22 . | Non-Hispanic Black n = 36 . | Non-Hispanic White n = 149 . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient age (y), median (IQR) | 57.0 (51.2-65.0) | 64.5 (55.8-71.2) | 65.0 (58.0-69.0) | .07 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 16 (73%) | 15 (42%) | 91 (61%) | .04 |
| Extramedullary disease, n (%) | 13 (59%) | 15 (42%) | 63 (42%) | .3 |
| High marrow burden (≥50%), n (%) | 8 (38%) | 12 (33%) | 35 (27%) | .5 |
| Unknown | 1 | 0 | 18 | |
| ECOG performance status at LD, n (%) | >.9 | |||
| 0 to 1 | 17 (85%) | 25 (81%) | 124 (84%) | |
| 2 to 4 | 3 (15%) | 6 (19%) | 24 (16%) | |
| Unknown | 2 | 5 | 1 | |
| R-ISS at CAR T-cell infusion, n (%) | .7 | |||
| I | 7 (32%) | 7 (22%) | 22 (21%) | |
| II | 10 (45%) | 18 (56%) | 51 (49%) | |
| III | 5 (23%) | 7 (22%) | 31 (30%) | |
| Unknown | 0 | 4 | 45 | |
| High-risk cytogenetics∗ , n (%) | 4 (22%) | 7 (21%) | 50 (38%) | .1 |
| Unknown | 4 | 3 | 18 | |
| Bridging therapy, n (%) | 16 (73%) | 30 (83%) | 114 (77%) | .6 |
| No. of prior lines of therapy, median (IQR) | 6.0 (5.0-8.8) | 7.0 (5.0-10.0) | 6.0 (5.0-8.0) | .2 |
| Prior anti-BCMA therapy, n (%) | 5 (23%) | 10 (28%) | 36 (24%) | .9 |
| Prior auto-SCT, n (%) | 20 (91%) | 29 (81%) | 128 (86%) | .6 |
| Refractory status, n (%) | ||||
| Double refractory | 18 (82%) | 31 (86%) | 130 (87%) | .7 |
| Triple refractory | 16 (73%) | 30 (83%) | 126 (85%) | .4 |
| Penta refractory | 7 (32%) | 14 (39%) | 67 (45%) | .5 |
| Cell dose, n (%) | >.9 | |||
| <400 million cells | 10 (45%) | 16 (44%) | 64 (43%) | |
| ≥400 million cells | 12 (55%) | 20 (56%) | 84 (57%) | |
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Baseline ferritin (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 362.0 (95.2-956.2) | 680.5 (191.5- 2121.2) | 307.0 (121.0-710.0) | .08 |
| Baseline CRP (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.3, 3.2) | 3.5 (0.6, 8.9) | 0.8 (0.4, 2.6) | .02 |
| Baseline β2 microglobulin, median (IQR) | 2.9 (1.4-10.0) | 3.3 (2.4-4.7) | 2.9 (2.4-4.5) | .6 |
| Unknown | 3 | 7 | 54 | |
| Albumin before CAR T-cell infusion, median (IQR) | 3.8 (3.3-4.1) | 3.5 (3.1-3.7) | 3.7 (3.3-4.0) | .04 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase before CAR T-cell infusion, median (IQR) | 214.0 (180.0-274.8) | 228.5 (201.0-292.0) | 210.0 (170.0-268.0) | .2 |
| Met criteria for KarMMa before CAR T-cell infusion, n (%) | 6 (27%) | 7 (19%) | 39 (26%) | .7 |
| Common reasons for KarMMa ineligibility† , n (%) | ||||
| ECOG performance status ≥ 2 | 1 (5%) | 6 (19%) | 19 (13%) | .3 |
| Unknown | 2 | 5 | 1 | |
| Prior anti-BCMA therapy | 5 (23%) | 10 (28%) | 36 (24%) | .9 |
| Organ dysfunction (renal, cardiac, or hepatic)‡ | 2 (9%) | 12 (33%) | 44 (30%) | .1 |
| Cytopenias | ||||
| ANC < 1000/μL | 2 (9%) | 6 (17%) | 17 (11%) | .7 |
| Hemoglobin < 8 g/dL | 1 (5%) | 6 (17%) | 24 (16%) | .4 |
| Platelet count < 50 000/μL | 2 (9%) | 2 (6%) | 13 (9%) | .8 |
ANC, absolute neutrophil count; auto-SCT, autologous stem cell transplantation; BCMA, B-cell maturation antigen; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; IQR, interquartile range; LD, lymphodepletion; R-ISS, Revised International Staging System; ULN, upper limit of normal.
High-risk cytogenetics includes deletion 17p, t(4;14), and t(4;16) at the time of infusion.
Reasons for KarMMa ineligibility were not mutually exclusive.
Organ dysfunction definition: renal insufficiency: creatinine clearance < 45 mL/min; cardiac insufficiency: left ventricular ejection fraction < 45% and history of myocardial infarction in the prior 6 months; and hepatic insufficiency: serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase > 2.5 × ULN, serum total bilirubin > 1.5 × ULN, and international ratio or partial thromboplastin time > 1.5 × ULN.