Summary of descriptive characteristics of included studies evaluating median household income (n = 27), percentage of population living in poverty (n = 4), and unemployment rate (n = 2)
| Author (year) . | Data source years . | US region . | Patients N . | Outcome/analysis . | Cohorts . | HR (95% CI) . | Social determinant associated with worse survival . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income (annual) | |||||||
| Parikh et al,39 (2015) | NCDB 1998-2011 | National | HL 45 777 | OS/multi | < $30 000 $30 000-34 999 $35 000-45 999 ≥46 000 | Ref. 0.86 (0.74-0.99)∗, 0.84 (0.72-0.97)∗, 0.81 (0.69-0.95)∗ | Income lower than $30 000 |
| Loberiza et al,30 (2009) | UNMC 1982-2006 | NE | HL 2 330 | OS/multi | ≤ $30 000 $30 001-39 999 $ 40 000-44 999 ≥ $45 000 | Data not showed | - |
| Keegan (2009) | CCR 1988-2006 | CA | HL 15-44 y.o. 8228 | CCS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.64 (1.23-2.20)∗, 1.48 (1.13-1.94)∗, 1.63 (1.26-2.10)∗ 1.23 (0.95-1.61) | Lower income |
| OS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.81 (1.46-2.24)∗, 1.57 (1.29-1.92)∗, 1.58 (1.30-1.91)∗, 1.28 (1.06-1.56)∗ | Lower income | ||||
| HL ≥ 45 y.o. 4264 | CCS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.36 (1.10-1.68) 1.27 (1.04-1.54) 1.19 (0.98-1.44) 1.00 (0.82-1.21) | Lower income | |||
| OS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.44 (1.26-1.66) 1.26 (1.01-1.44) 1.31 (1.15-1.48) 1.06 (0.93-1.20) | Lower income | ||||
| Dhakal et al,22 (2019) | NCDB 2006-2012 | National | NHL 132 402 | 1-month mortality/uni | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Data not showed | Lower income |
| 1-month mortality/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Data not showed | - | ||||
| OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.95 (0.92-0.98) 0.91 (0.88-0.95)∗, 0.86 (0.82-0.90)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 | ||||
| Go (2016) | NCDB 1998-2011 | National | NHL 278 985 | OS/multi | ≥ $46 000 $35 000-$45 999 $30 000-$34 999 < $30 000 | Ref. 1.10 (1.09-1.11)†, 1.16 (1.15-1.18)†, 1.25 (1.23-1.27)† | Income lower than $45 999 |
| Tao et al,25 (2014) | CCR 2001-2009 | CA | NHL 16 133 | CSS/multi | 5. Highest 20%‡ 1. Lowest 20% 2. 3. 4. | Ref. 1.24 (1.16-1.32)∗, 1.23 (1.16-1.30)∗, 1.12 (1.06-1.18)∗, 1.07 (1.02-1.13)∗ | Lower income |
| OS/multi | 5. Highest 20%‡ 1. Lowest 20% 2. 3. 4. | Ref. 1.34 (1.27-1.40)∗, 1.26 (1.20-1.32)∗, 1.17 (1.12-1.22)∗, 1.09 (1.05-1.14)∗ | Lower income | ||||
| Ai et al,26 (2012) | CCR 2001-2008 | CA | NHL 213 | OS/multi | High: Quartile 4, 5 Low: Quartile 1-3 | Ref. 1.07 (0.73-1.57) | - |
| Shah (2019) | NCDB 2004-2013 | National | NHL 18 120 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 000 < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 | Ref. 1.21 (1.10-1.33)∗ 1.06 (0.98-1.15) 1.01 (0.94-1.08) | Income lower than $38 000 |
| Chohan et al,18 (2022) | NCDB 2004-2017 | National | WM < 65 y.o. 1249 | OS/uni | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥$63 333 | Ref. 0.77 (0.48-1.24) 0.60 (0.38-0.96)∗, 0.55 (0.36-0.83)∗ | Income lower than $40 227 |
| OS/multi | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥ $63 333 | Ref. 1.16 (0.65-2.07) 0.97 (0.51-1.82) 1.12 (0.56-2.23) | - | ||||
| WM ≥ 65 y.o. 2629 | OS/uni | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥ $63 333 | Ref. 0.98 (0.77-1.25) 0.84 (0.67-1.07) 0.76 (0.61-0.95)∗ | Income lower than $40 227 | |||
| OS/multi | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥ $63 333 | Ref. 1.02 (0.78-1.35) 0.93 (0.70-1.24) 0.90 (0.66-1.22) | - | ||||
| Gunaratne et al,35 (2021) | NCBD 2004-2014 | National | WM 3 064 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 000 $48 000–$62 999 $38 000–$47 999 <$38 000 | Ref. 1.19 (0.98-1.44) 1.21 (0.98-1.51) 1.25 (0.96-1.63) | - |
| Fiala et al,15 (2015) | Institutional 2000-2009 | MO | MM 652 | OS/HR | ≥ $57 177 $41 401-57 177 ≤ $41 400 | Ref. 1.25 (0.95-1.65) 1.54 (1.13-2.09)∗ | Income lower than $41 400 |
| SEER 2000-2009 | National | MM 45 505 | OS/HR | ≥ $57 177 $41 401-57 177 ≤ $41 400 | Ref. 1.10 (1.07-1.13)∗, 1.18 (1.15-1.22)∗ | Income lower than $57 177 | |
| Jayakrishnan (2021) | NCDB 2004-2016 | National | MM 50 543 | OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.96 (0.93-0.99)∗, 0.93 (0.90-0.97)∗, 0.91 (0.87-0.95)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 |
| Evans et al,40 (2021) | Institutional 2005-2015 | NS | MM 2543 | OS/uni | ≥$63 000 < $63 000 | Ref. 1.25 (1.09-1.43)∗ | Income lower than $63 000 |
| OS/multi | ≥$63 000 < $63 000 | Ref. 1.13 (0.89-1.43) | - | ||||
| NCDB 2004-2015 | National | MM 122 858 | OS/multi | ≥$63 000 < $63 000 | Ref. 1.11 (1.09-1.14)∗ | Income lower than $63 000 | |
| Chamoun (2021) | NCDB. 2005-2014 | National | MM. 117 926 | OS/multi | ≥ $46 000 < $46 000 | Ref. 1.16 (1.08-1.25)∗ | Income lower than $46 000 |
| Ho et al,24 (2017) | CCR 1999-2012 | CA | MM 6359 | 60-day mortality | High SES‡ Low SES | Ref. 1.21 (1.03-1.41) | Lower income |
| Costa et al,37 (2016) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | MM 10 161 | OS/multi | > $68 500 $56 601-$68 500 $49 301-$56 600 < $49 301 | Ref. 0.97 (0.85-1.10) 1.19 (1.03-1.37)∗, 1.27 (1.09-1.49)∗ | Income lower than $49 301 |
| Huang et al,31 (2021) | SEER 2007-2016 | National | MM 17 981 | CSS/uni | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 0.98 (0.90-1.07) 0.92 (0.84-1.01) 0.85 (0.78-0.94)∗, 0.84 (0.76-0.92)∗ | Income lower than $5000 |
| CSS/multi | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 1.10 (0.91-1.30) 1.04 (0.85-1.26) 0.96 (0.76-1.22) 0.97 (0.75-1.25) | - | ||||
| OS/uni | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 0.95 (0.88-1.02) 0.86 (0.79-0.92)∗, 0.75 (0.70-0.81)∗, 0.69 (0.63-0.75)∗ | Income lower than $5000 | ||||
| OS/multi | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 1.07 (0.92-1.24) 0.91 (0.77-1.08) 0.93 (0.77-1.11) 1.00 (0.79-1.28) | - | ||||
| Ghiassi-Nejad et al,23 (2019) | NCDB 2004-2013 | National | PM P-bone 4056 | OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.78 (0.67-0.92)∗, 0.77 (0.65-0.89)∗, 0.72 (0.61-0.85)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 |
| PM P-EM 1468 | OS/uni | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.85 (0.65-1.11) 0.77 (0.59-1.01) 0.76 (0.58-0.98)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 | |||
| OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.94 (0.71-1.25) 0.84 (0.63-1.12) 0.84 (0.63-1.13) | - | ||||
| Bhatt (2017) | NCDB 2003-2011 | National | AML 60 738 | 1-month mortality/multi | ≥ 46 000 <$30 000 $30 000-34 999 $35 000-45 999 | Ref. 1.26 (1.18-1.35)∗, 1.16 (1.10-1.24)∗, 1.12 (1.06-1.17)∗ | Income lower than $45 999 |
| OS/multi | ≥ 46 000 < $30 000 $30 000-34 999 $35 000-45 999 | Ref. 1.09 (1.05-1.12)∗, 1.07 (1.05-1.10)∗, 1.05 (1.03-1.07)∗ | Income lower than $45 999 | ||||
| Freeman et al,32 (2016) | NC CCR 2003-2009 | NC | AML 900 | OS/multi | Fourth Quartile‡ First Quartile Second Quartile Third Quartile | Ref. 1.22 (0.81-1.86) 1.18 (0.86-1.62) 1.02 (0.77-1.33) | - |
| Borate et al,38 (2015) | SEER 2007-2011 | National | AML 5541 | 2-month mortality/uni | Quintile 5‡ Quintile 1 Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4 | Ref. OR 1.60 (1.20-2.13)∗, 1.54 (1.16-2.04)∗, 1.43 (1.06-1.93)∗, 1.39 (1.04-1.86)∗ | Lower income |
| OS/multi | Quintile 5‡ Quintile 1 Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4 | Ref. OR 1.21 (1.08-1.36)∗, 1.25 (1.11-1.40)∗, 1.25 (1.11-1.40)∗ 1.11 (0.99-1.25) | Lower income | ||||
| Baker (2009) | CIBMTR 1995-2004 | National | AML/ALL/CML/ MDS. 6207 | DFS | > $56 300 $43 600-56 300 $34 700-43 600 < $34 700 | Ref. 1.03 (0.94-1.13) 1.02 (0.93-1.12) 1.12 (1.01-1.23) | - |
| TRM | > $56 300 $43 600-56 300 $34 700-43 600 < $34 700 | Ref. 1.11 (0.99-1.24) 1.11 (0.99-1.24) 1.21 (1.07-1.36)∗ | Income lower than $34 700 | ||||
| OS | > $56 300 $43 600-56 300 $34 700-43 600 < $34 700 | Ref. 1.06 (0.97-1.16) 1.06 (0.97-1.16) 1.15 (1.04-1.26)∗ | Income lower than $34 700 | ||||
| Rodriguez et al,33 (2008) | Institutional 1997-2005 | OH | AML 281 | OS/multi | Per $10 000 increment | 1.02 (0.92-1.13) | - |
| Master et al,28 (2016) | NCDB 1998 -2012 | National | AML 67 443 | OS/multi | ≥ $46 000 $30 000 $30 000-34 000 $35 000-45 000 | Ref. 1.10 (1.06-1.15)†, 1.08 (1.05-1.12)†, 1.05 (1.02-1.08)† | Income lower than $46 000 |
| Bradley et al,34 (2011) | VCR/ VHI 1999-2006 | VA | AML No CTX NS | OS/multi | Advantage Disadvantage | Ref. 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | - |
| AML CTX NS | OS/multi | Advantage Disadvantage | Ref. 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | - | |||
| Dhakal et al,17 (2022) | NCDB 2004-2015 | National | APL <65 y.o. 5380 | 1-month mortality | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 | Ref. 1.02 (0.75-1.37) 1.08 (0.77-1.50) | - |
| APL ≥65 y.o. 1520 | 1-month mortality | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 | Ref. 1.06 (0.72-1.54) 1.31 (0.87-1.98) | - | |||
| APL <65 y.o. 5380 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 | Ref. 1.19 (1.00-1.42)∗ 1.03 (0.85-1.26) | Income from $50 354 to $63 332 | |||
| APL ≥65 y.o. 1520 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 < $40 227 | Ref. 1.22 (1.00-1.49) 1.29 (1.03-1.60)∗, 1.36 (1.05-1.76)∗ | Income lower than $63 333 | |||
| Perry et al,16 (2017) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | CML < 64 y.o. 3626 | OS/HR | Above median household income | 0.98 (0.69-1.40) | - |
| CML ≥ 65 y.o. 2142 | OS/HR | Above median household income | 1.02 (0.83-1.27) | - | |||
| Percentage of population living in poverty | |||||||
| Huang et al,31 (2021) | SEER 2007-2016 | National | MM 17 981 | CSS/uni | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 1.10 (1.02-1.19)∗, 1.20 (1.09-1.33)∗ | Poverty level higher than 10% |
| CSS/multi | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 0.97 (0.87-1.10) 0.90 (0.73-1.10) | - | ||||
| OS/uni | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 1.27 (1.19-1.35)∗, 1.50 (1.38-1.62)∗ | Poverty level higher than 10% | ||||
| OS/multi | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 1.04 (0.95-1.13) 1.05 (0.91-1.22) | - | ||||
| Byrne et al,35 (2011) | FCDS 1998-2002 | FL | AML 4659 | OS/multi | ≤ 5% 5.1%-10% 10.1%-15% > 15% | Ref. 1.04 (0.97-1.14) 1.11 (1.00-1.22) 1.15 (1.04-1.27)∗ | Poverty level higher than 15% |
| Freeman et al,32 (2016) | NC CCR 2003-2009 | NC | AML 900 | OS/multi | NS | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | - |
| Perry et al,16 (2017) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | CML 15-64 y.o. 3626 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.03 (0.69-1.54) | - |
| CML ≥ 65 y.o. 2142 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.06 (0.83-1.36) | - | |||
| Unemployment rate | |||||||
| Freeman et al,32 (2016) | NC CCR 2003-2009 | NC | AML. 900 | OS/multi | NS | 0.99 (0.97-1.02) | - |
| Perry et al,16 (2017) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | CML.15-64 y.o. 3626 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.01 (0.78-1.32) | - |
| CML ≥ 65 y.o. 2142 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.02 (0.86-1.20) | - | |||
| Author (year) . | Data source years . | US region . | Patients N . | Outcome/analysis . | Cohorts . | HR (95% CI) . | Social determinant associated with worse survival . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median household income (annual) | |||||||
| Parikh et al,39 (2015) | NCDB 1998-2011 | National | HL 45 777 | OS/multi | < $30 000 $30 000-34 999 $35 000-45 999 ≥46 000 | Ref. 0.86 (0.74-0.99)∗, 0.84 (0.72-0.97)∗, 0.81 (0.69-0.95)∗ | Income lower than $30 000 |
| Loberiza et al,30 (2009) | UNMC 1982-2006 | NE | HL 2 330 | OS/multi | ≤ $30 000 $30 001-39 999 $ 40 000-44 999 ≥ $45 000 | Data not showed | - |
| Keegan (2009) | CCR 1988-2006 | CA | HL 15-44 y.o. 8228 | CCS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.64 (1.23-2.20)∗, 1.48 (1.13-1.94)∗, 1.63 (1.26-2.10)∗ 1.23 (0.95-1.61) | Lower income |
| OS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.81 (1.46-2.24)∗, 1.57 (1.29-1.92)∗, 1.58 (1.30-1.91)∗, 1.28 (1.06-1.56)∗ | Lower income | ||||
| HL ≥ 45 y.o. 4264 | CCS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.36 (1.10-1.68) 1.27 (1.04-1.54) 1.19 (0.98-1.44) 1.00 (0.82-1.21) | Lower income | |||
| OS/multi | 5: Highest‡ 1: Lowest 2 3 4 | Ref. 1.44 (1.26-1.66) 1.26 (1.01-1.44) 1.31 (1.15-1.48) 1.06 (0.93-1.20) | Lower income | ||||
| Dhakal et al,22 (2019) | NCDB 2006-2012 | National | NHL 132 402 | 1-month mortality/uni | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Data not showed | Lower income |
| 1-month mortality/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Data not showed | - | ||||
| OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.95 (0.92-0.98) 0.91 (0.88-0.95)∗, 0.86 (0.82-0.90)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 | ||||
| Go (2016) | NCDB 1998-2011 | National | NHL 278 985 | OS/multi | ≥ $46 000 $35 000-$45 999 $30 000-$34 999 < $30 000 | Ref. 1.10 (1.09-1.11)†, 1.16 (1.15-1.18)†, 1.25 (1.23-1.27)† | Income lower than $45 999 |
| Tao et al,25 (2014) | CCR 2001-2009 | CA | NHL 16 133 | CSS/multi | 5. Highest 20%‡ 1. Lowest 20% 2. 3. 4. | Ref. 1.24 (1.16-1.32)∗, 1.23 (1.16-1.30)∗, 1.12 (1.06-1.18)∗, 1.07 (1.02-1.13)∗ | Lower income |
| OS/multi | 5. Highest 20%‡ 1. Lowest 20% 2. 3. 4. | Ref. 1.34 (1.27-1.40)∗, 1.26 (1.20-1.32)∗, 1.17 (1.12-1.22)∗, 1.09 (1.05-1.14)∗ | Lower income | ||||
| Ai et al,26 (2012) | CCR 2001-2008 | CA | NHL 213 | OS/multi | High: Quartile 4, 5 Low: Quartile 1-3 | Ref. 1.07 (0.73-1.57) | - |
| Shah (2019) | NCDB 2004-2013 | National | NHL 18 120 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 000 < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 | Ref. 1.21 (1.10-1.33)∗ 1.06 (0.98-1.15) 1.01 (0.94-1.08) | Income lower than $38 000 |
| Chohan et al,18 (2022) | NCDB 2004-2017 | National | WM < 65 y.o. 1249 | OS/uni | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥$63 333 | Ref. 0.77 (0.48-1.24) 0.60 (0.38-0.96)∗, 0.55 (0.36-0.83)∗ | Income lower than $40 227 |
| OS/multi | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥ $63 333 | Ref. 1.16 (0.65-2.07) 0.97 (0.51-1.82) 1.12 (0.56-2.23) | - | ||||
| WM ≥ 65 y.o. 2629 | OS/uni | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥ $63 333 | Ref. 0.98 (0.77-1.25) 0.84 (0.67-1.07) 0.76 (0.61-0.95)∗ | Income lower than $40 227 | |||
| OS/multi | < $40 227 $40 227–50 353 $50 354–63 332 ≥ $63 333 | Ref. 1.02 (0.78-1.35) 0.93 (0.70-1.24) 0.90 (0.66-1.22) | - | ||||
| Gunaratne et al,35 (2021) | NCBD 2004-2014 | National | WM 3 064 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 000 $48 000–$62 999 $38 000–$47 999 <$38 000 | Ref. 1.19 (0.98-1.44) 1.21 (0.98-1.51) 1.25 (0.96-1.63) | - |
| Fiala et al,15 (2015) | Institutional 2000-2009 | MO | MM 652 | OS/HR | ≥ $57 177 $41 401-57 177 ≤ $41 400 | Ref. 1.25 (0.95-1.65) 1.54 (1.13-2.09)∗ | Income lower than $41 400 |
| SEER 2000-2009 | National | MM 45 505 | OS/HR | ≥ $57 177 $41 401-57 177 ≤ $41 400 | Ref. 1.10 (1.07-1.13)∗, 1.18 (1.15-1.22)∗ | Income lower than $57 177 | |
| Jayakrishnan (2021) | NCDB 2004-2016 | National | MM 50 543 | OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.96 (0.93-0.99)∗, 0.93 (0.90-0.97)∗, 0.91 (0.87-0.95)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 |
| Evans et al,40 (2021) | Institutional 2005-2015 | NS | MM 2543 | OS/uni | ≥$63 000 < $63 000 | Ref. 1.25 (1.09-1.43)∗ | Income lower than $63 000 |
| OS/multi | ≥$63 000 < $63 000 | Ref. 1.13 (0.89-1.43) | - | ||||
| NCDB 2004-2015 | National | MM 122 858 | OS/multi | ≥$63 000 < $63 000 | Ref. 1.11 (1.09-1.14)∗ | Income lower than $63 000 | |
| Chamoun (2021) | NCDB. 2005-2014 | National | MM. 117 926 | OS/multi | ≥ $46 000 < $46 000 | Ref. 1.16 (1.08-1.25)∗ | Income lower than $46 000 |
| Ho et al,24 (2017) | CCR 1999-2012 | CA | MM 6359 | 60-day mortality | High SES‡ Low SES | Ref. 1.21 (1.03-1.41) | Lower income |
| Costa et al,37 (2016) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | MM 10 161 | OS/multi | > $68 500 $56 601-$68 500 $49 301-$56 600 < $49 301 | Ref. 0.97 (0.85-1.10) 1.19 (1.03-1.37)∗, 1.27 (1.09-1.49)∗ | Income lower than $49 301 |
| Huang et al,31 (2021) | SEER 2007-2016 | National | MM 17 981 | CSS/uni | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 0.98 (0.90-1.07) 0.92 (0.84-1.01) 0.85 (0.78-0.94)∗, 0.84 (0.76-0.92)∗ | Income lower than $5000 |
| CSS/multi | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 1.10 (0.91-1.30) 1.04 (0.85-1.26) 0.96 (0.76-1.22) 0.97 (0.75-1.25) | - | ||||
| OS/uni | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 0.95 (0.88-1.02) 0.86 (0.79-0.92)∗, 0.75 (0.70-0.81)∗, 0.69 (0.63-0.75)∗ | Income lower than $5000 | ||||
| OS/multi | $1926-5000 $5007-6081 $6090-6504 $6517-8185 $8197-11 097 | Ref. 1.07 (0.92-1.24) 0.91 (0.77-1.08) 0.93 (0.77-1.11) 1.00 (0.79-1.28) | - | ||||
| Ghiassi-Nejad et al,23 (2019) | NCDB 2004-2013 | National | PM P-bone 4056 | OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.78 (0.67-0.92)∗, 0.77 (0.65-0.89)∗, 0.72 (0.61-0.85)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 |
| PM P-EM 1468 | OS/uni | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.85 (0.65-1.11) 0.77 (0.59-1.01) 0.76 (0.58-0.98)∗ | Income lower than $38 000 | |||
| OS/multi | < $38 000 $38 000-47 999 $48 000-62 999 ≥ $63 000 | Ref. 0.94 (0.71-1.25) 0.84 (0.63-1.12) 0.84 (0.63-1.13) | - | ||||
| Bhatt (2017) | NCDB 2003-2011 | National | AML 60 738 | 1-month mortality/multi | ≥ 46 000 <$30 000 $30 000-34 999 $35 000-45 999 | Ref. 1.26 (1.18-1.35)∗, 1.16 (1.10-1.24)∗, 1.12 (1.06-1.17)∗ | Income lower than $45 999 |
| OS/multi | ≥ 46 000 < $30 000 $30 000-34 999 $35 000-45 999 | Ref. 1.09 (1.05-1.12)∗, 1.07 (1.05-1.10)∗, 1.05 (1.03-1.07)∗ | Income lower than $45 999 | ||||
| Freeman et al,32 (2016) | NC CCR 2003-2009 | NC | AML 900 | OS/multi | Fourth Quartile‡ First Quartile Second Quartile Third Quartile | Ref. 1.22 (0.81-1.86) 1.18 (0.86-1.62) 1.02 (0.77-1.33) | - |
| Borate et al,38 (2015) | SEER 2007-2011 | National | AML 5541 | 2-month mortality/uni | Quintile 5‡ Quintile 1 Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4 | Ref. OR 1.60 (1.20-2.13)∗, 1.54 (1.16-2.04)∗, 1.43 (1.06-1.93)∗, 1.39 (1.04-1.86)∗ | Lower income |
| OS/multi | Quintile 5‡ Quintile 1 Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4 | Ref. OR 1.21 (1.08-1.36)∗, 1.25 (1.11-1.40)∗, 1.25 (1.11-1.40)∗ 1.11 (0.99-1.25) | Lower income | ||||
| Baker (2009) | CIBMTR 1995-2004 | National | AML/ALL/CML/ MDS. 6207 | DFS | > $56 300 $43 600-56 300 $34 700-43 600 < $34 700 | Ref. 1.03 (0.94-1.13) 1.02 (0.93-1.12) 1.12 (1.01-1.23) | - |
| TRM | > $56 300 $43 600-56 300 $34 700-43 600 < $34 700 | Ref. 1.11 (0.99-1.24) 1.11 (0.99-1.24) 1.21 (1.07-1.36)∗ | Income lower than $34 700 | ||||
| OS | > $56 300 $43 600-56 300 $34 700-43 600 < $34 700 | Ref. 1.06 (0.97-1.16) 1.06 (0.97-1.16) 1.15 (1.04-1.26)∗ | Income lower than $34 700 | ||||
| Rodriguez et al,33 (2008) | Institutional 1997-2005 | OH | AML 281 | OS/multi | Per $10 000 increment | 1.02 (0.92-1.13) | - |
| Master et al,28 (2016) | NCDB 1998 -2012 | National | AML 67 443 | OS/multi | ≥ $46 000 $30 000 $30 000-34 000 $35 000-45 000 | Ref. 1.10 (1.06-1.15)†, 1.08 (1.05-1.12)†, 1.05 (1.02-1.08)† | Income lower than $46 000 |
| Bradley et al,34 (2011) | VCR/ VHI 1999-2006 | VA | AML No CTX NS | OS/multi | Advantage Disadvantage | Ref. 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | - |
| AML CTX NS | OS/multi | Advantage Disadvantage | Ref. 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | - | |||
| Dhakal et al,17 (2022) | NCDB 2004-2015 | National | APL <65 y.o. 5380 | 1-month mortality | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 | Ref. 1.02 (0.75-1.37) 1.08 (0.77-1.50) | - |
| APL ≥65 y.o. 1520 | 1-month mortality | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 | Ref. 1.06 (0.72-1.54) 1.31 (0.87-1.98) | - | |||
| APL <65 y.o. 5380 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 | Ref. 1.19 (1.00-1.42)∗ 1.03 (0.85-1.26) | Income from $50 354 to $63 332 | |||
| APL ≥65 y.o. 1520 | OS/multi | ≥ $63 333 $50 354-63 332 $40 227-50 353 < $40 227 | Ref. 1.22 (1.00-1.49) 1.29 (1.03-1.60)∗, 1.36 (1.05-1.76)∗ | Income lower than $63 333 | |||
| Perry et al,16 (2017) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | CML < 64 y.o. 3626 | OS/HR | Above median household income | 0.98 (0.69-1.40) | - |
| CML ≥ 65 y.o. 2142 | OS/HR | Above median household income | 1.02 (0.83-1.27) | - | |||
| Percentage of population living in poverty | |||||||
| Huang et al,31 (2021) | SEER 2007-2016 | National | MM 17 981 | CSS/uni | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 1.10 (1.02-1.19)∗, 1.20 (1.09-1.33)∗ | Poverty level higher than 10% |
| CSS/multi | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 0.97 (0.87-1.10) 0.90 (0.73-1.10) | - | ||||
| OS/uni | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 1.27 (1.19-1.35)∗, 1.50 (1.38-1.62)∗ | Poverty level higher than 10% | ||||
| OS/multi | < 10% 10%–19.99% ≥ 20% | Ref. 1.04 (0.95-1.13) 1.05 (0.91-1.22) | - | ||||
| Byrne et al,35 (2011) | FCDS 1998-2002 | FL | AML 4659 | OS/multi | ≤ 5% 5.1%-10% 10.1%-15% > 15% | Ref. 1.04 (0.97-1.14) 1.11 (1.00-1.22) 1.15 (1.04-1.27)∗ | Poverty level higher than 15% |
| Freeman et al,32 (2016) | NC CCR 2003-2009 | NC | AML 900 | OS/multi | NS | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | - |
| Perry et al,16 (2017) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | CML 15-64 y.o. 3626 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.03 (0.69-1.54) | - |
| CML ≥ 65 y.o. 2142 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.06 (0.83-1.36) | - | |||
| Unemployment rate | |||||||
| Freeman et al,32 (2016) | NC CCR 2003-2009 | NC | AML. 900 | OS/multi | NS | 0.99 (0.97-1.02) | - |
| Perry et al,16 (2017) | SEER 2007-2012 | National | CML.15-64 y.o. 3626 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.01 (0.78-1.32) | - |
| CML ≥ 65 y.o. 2142 | OS/multi | Below median Above median | Ref. 1.02 (0.86-1.20) | - | |||
ALL, acute lymphoblastic lymphoma, AML, acute myeloid leukemia; APL, acute promyelocytic leukemia; CA, California; CCR, California Cancer Registry; CI, confidential interval; CIBMTR, Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; CSS, cancer-specific survival; CTX, chemotherapy; DFS, disease-free survival; FCDS, Florida Cancer Data System; FL, Florida; HL, Hodgkin lymphoma; HR, hazard ratio; MDS, myelodysplastic syndromes; MO, Missouri; MM, multiple myeloma; multi, multivariate analysis; N, sample size; NC, North Carolina; NCDB, National Cancer Database; NC CCR, North Carolina Central Cancer Registry; NE, Nebraska; NHL, Nnn-Hodgkin Lymphoma; NS, not specified; OH, Ohio; OR, odds ratio; P-bone, plasmacytoma originating in bone; P-EM, plasmacytoma originating in extramedullary; PM, plasmacytoma; Ref., reference; SES, socioeconomic status; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registry; TRM, transplant-related mortality; uni, univariate analysis; UNMC, University of Nebraska Medical Center Oncology Database; VA, Virginia; VCR, Virginia Cancer Registry; VHI, Virginia Health Information; WM, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia; y.o., years old.
Reported as statistical significance by the author.
Statistical significance but not discussed by the author.
Not specified values.