Clinical and disease characteristics of the study cohort
| . | Salvage therapy . | |
|---|---|---|
| N = 79 . | ||
| Demographics | ||
| Age (y) | 60 | (35-78) |
| Male gender | 47 | 59.5% |
| Disease characteristics | ||
| IgG | 41 | 51.9% |
| IgA | 16 | 20.3% |
| Light chain disease only | 22 | 27.8% |
| Kappa | 49 | 62.0% |
| Lambda | 29 | 36.7% |
| Cytogenetics | ||
| Hyperdiploidy | 43 | 54.4% |
| t(11;14) | 14 | 17.7% |
| t(4;14) | 4 | 5.1% |
| t(14;16) | 5 | 6.3% |
| del17p | 12 | 15.2% |
| 1q gain | 55 | 69.6% |
| All high-risk | 64 | 81.0% |
| Time since diagnosis (mo) | 74 | (22-282) |
| Number of treatment lines before CAR T | 5 | (1-18) |
| Prior treatment exposure | ||
| Auto-SCT | 75 | 94.9% |
| Lenalidomide | 79 | 100.0% |
| Pomalidomide | 67 | 84.8% |
| Bortezomib | 75 | 94.9% |
| Carfilzomib | 70 | 88.6% |
| CD38 mAb | 76 | 96.2% |
| Elotuzumab | 23 | 29.1% |
| Alkylating agent∗ | 77 | 97.5% |
| Combination chemotherapy† | 28 | 35.4% |
| Venetoclax | 13 | 16.5% |
| Selinexor | 11 | 13.9% |
| Belantamab | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-BCMA CAR T | 1 | 1.3% |
| BCMA-directed bispecific Ab | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-BCMA-directed bispecific Ab | 5 | 6.3% |
| Prior treatment refractoriness | ||
| Lenalidomide | 68 | 86.1% |
| Pomalidomide | 60 | 75.9% |
| Bortezomib | 50 | 63.3% |
| Carfilzomib | 62 | 78.5% |
| CD38 mAb | 71 | 89.9% |
| Triple-class refractory‡ | 66 | 83.5% |
| Penta-drug refractory§ | 30 | 38.0% |
| Relapse characteristics | ||
| Biochemical only | 40 | 50.6% |
| Imaging (bone only) ± biochemical | 16 | 20.3% |
| Imaging (EMD) ± biochemical | 23 | 29.1% |
| Anemia, any grade | 55/77 | 71.4% |
| Anemia, grade ≥ 3 | 5/77 | 6.5% |
| Leukopenia, any grade | 48/77 | 62.3% |
| Leukopenia, grade ≥ 3 | 4/77 | 5.2% |
| Neutropenia, any grade | 22/76 | 28.9% |
| Neutropenia, grade ≥ 3 | 4/76 | 5.3% |
| Thrombocytopenia, any grade | 49/77 | 63.6% |
| Thrombocytopenia, grade ≥ 3 | 17/77 | 22.1% |
| . | Salvage therapy . | |
|---|---|---|
| N = 79 . | ||
| Demographics | ||
| Age (y) | 60 | (35-78) |
| Male gender | 47 | 59.5% |
| Disease characteristics | ||
| IgG | 41 | 51.9% |
| IgA | 16 | 20.3% |
| Light chain disease only | 22 | 27.8% |
| Kappa | 49 | 62.0% |
| Lambda | 29 | 36.7% |
| Cytogenetics | ||
| Hyperdiploidy | 43 | 54.4% |
| t(11;14) | 14 | 17.7% |
| t(4;14) | 4 | 5.1% |
| t(14;16) | 5 | 6.3% |
| del17p | 12 | 15.2% |
| 1q gain | 55 | 69.6% |
| All high-risk | 64 | 81.0% |
| Time since diagnosis (mo) | 74 | (22-282) |
| Number of treatment lines before CAR T | 5 | (1-18) |
| Prior treatment exposure | ||
| Auto-SCT | 75 | 94.9% |
| Lenalidomide | 79 | 100.0% |
| Pomalidomide | 67 | 84.8% |
| Bortezomib | 75 | 94.9% |
| Carfilzomib | 70 | 88.6% |
| CD38 mAb | 76 | 96.2% |
| Elotuzumab | 23 | 29.1% |
| Alkylating agent∗ | 77 | 97.5% |
| Combination chemotherapy† | 28 | 35.4% |
| Venetoclax | 13 | 16.5% |
| Selinexor | 11 | 13.9% |
| Belantamab | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-BCMA CAR T | 1 | 1.3% |
| BCMA-directed bispecific Ab | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-BCMA-directed bispecific Ab | 5 | 6.3% |
| Prior treatment refractoriness | ||
| Lenalidomide | 68 | 86.1% |
| Pomalidomide | 60 | 75.9% |
| Bortezomib | 50 | 63.3% |
| Carfilzomib | 62 | 78.5% |
| CD38 mAb | 71 | 89.9% |
| Triple-class refractory‡ | 66 | 83.5% |
| Penta-drug refractory§ | 30 | 38.0% |
| Relapse characteristics | ||
| Biochemical only | 40 | 50.6% |
| Imaging (bone only) ± biochemical | 16 | 20.3% |
| Imaging (EMD) ± biochemical | 23 | 29.1% |
| Anemia, any grade | 55/77 | 71.4% |
| Anemia, grade ≥ 3 | 5/77 | 6.5% |
| Leukopenia, any grade | 48/77 | 62.3% |
| Leukopenia, grade ≥ 3 | 4/77 | 5.2% |
| Neutropenia, any grade | 22/76 | 28.9% |
| Neutropenia, grade ≥ 3 | 4/76 | 5.3% |
| Thrombocytopenia, any grade | 49/77 | 63.6% |
| Thrombocytopenia, grade ≥ 3 | 17/77 | 22.1% |
Ab, antibody; DCEP, dexamethasone-cyclophosphamide-etoposide-cisplatin; EMD, extramedullary disease; Ig, immunoglobulin; mAb, monoclonal antibody; PACE, cisplatin-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide-etoposide.
Any treatment with intravenous or oral alkylating agents (including melphalan, cyclophosphamide, bendamustine, carmustine, and cisplatin).
Treatment with DCEP or PACE.
Defined as refractory to ≥1 immunomodulatory drug, ≥1 proteasome inhibitor, and ≥1 anti-CD38 mAb.
Defined as refractory to ≥2 immunomodulatory drugs, ≥2 proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 mAb therapy.