Transcription factors implicated in quiescence and dormancy
| Transcription factor . | Function . | References . |
|---|---|---|
| TP53 | Preserves quiescence of HSCs primarily by transcriptionally promoting expression of growth factor independent 1 (Gfi-1) and Necdin as inhibitors of HSC proliferation | 56,69 |
| c-Myc, N-Myc, and L-Myc | Double-deficiency of c-Myc and N-Myc inhibits proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells but promotes cell cycling of HSCs and results in depleted HSC pool | 70 |
| c-Myb | Reduces proliferation but promotes differentiation of HSCs | 71 |
| HLF, Pbx1, Evi-1, Nurr1, Nrf2, C/EBPα, PU.1, YY1, Gfi-1, Fhl2, Hoxb5, and Tcf15 | Maintain quiescence | 26,72-83 |
| ELF4 and Id1 | Deletion preserves quiescence in HSCs | 84,85 |
| Hoxb3 and Hoxb4 | Deletion impairs the proliferation of HSCs | 86,87 |
| Hoxb4 or Hoxb7 | Overexpression substantially enhances the expansion capacity of HSCs | 87,88 |
| Gata 2 | Inhibits proliferation and increases quiescence in HSCs by repressing gene expression of CCND1, CDK4, and CDK6 | 89 |
| Gata 3 | Essential for HSC entry into the cell cycle | 90 |
| FoxM1 | Essential for quiescence maintenance in HSCs by inducing expression of Nurr1, which preserves quiescence of HSCs via inducing expression of p21 and p27 | 78 |
| FoxO1, FoxO3, and FoxO4 | Deletion of which increases cell cycling and apoptosis in quiescent HSCs via alteration of the expression of their target genes, including cyclin G2, cyclin D, p21, and p27 | 91,92 |
| Foxo3 | Enhances autophagy | 93 |
| RUNX1 | Induces the expression of multiple ribosome protein genes and controls ribosome biogenesis | 94 |
| Transcription factor . | Function . | References . |
|---|---|---|
| TP53 | Preserves quiescence of HSCs primarily by transcriptionally promoting expression of growth factor independent 1 (Gfi-1) and Necdin as inhibitors of HSC proliferation | 56,69 |
| c-Myc, N-Myc, and L-Myc | Double-deficiency of c-Myc and N-Myc inhibits proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells but promotes cell cycling of HSCs and results in depleted HSC pool | 70 |
| c-Myb | Reduces proliferation but promotes differentiation of HSCs | 71 |
| HLF, Pbx1, Evi-1, Nurr1, Nrf2, C/EBPα, PU.1, YY1, Gfi-1, Fhl2, Hoxb5, and Tcf15 | Maintain quiescence | 26,72-83 |
| ELF4 and Id1 | Deletion preserves quiescence in HSCs | 84,85 |
| Hoxb3 and Hoxb4 | Deletion impairs the proliferation of HSCs | 86,87 |
| Hoxb4 or Hoxb7 | Overexpression substantially enhances the expansion capacity of HSCs | 87,88 |
| Gata 2 | Inhibits proliferation and increases quiescence in HSCs by repressing gene expression of CCND1, CDK4, and CDK6 | 89 |
| Gata 3 | Essential for HSC entry into the cell cycle | 90 |
| FoxM1 | Essential for quiescence maintenance in HSCs by inducing expression of Nurr1, which preserves quiescence of HSCs via inducing expression of p21 and p27 | 78 |
| FoxO1, FoxO3, and FoxO4 | Deletion of which increases cell cycling and apoptosis in quiescent HSCs via alteration of the expression of their target genes, including cyclin G2, cyclin D, p21, and p27 | 91,92 |
| Foxo3 | Enhances autophagy | 93 |
| RUNX1 | Induces the expression of multiple ribosome protein genes and controls ribosome biogenesis | 94 |