Common maternal outcomes in women with SCD
| Reference, type of study, duration of study, and intervention . | Number of SCD pregnancies . | Outcome (%) . | Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100 000) live births . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute pain . | Acute chest syndrome . | Pulmonary embolism . | Stroke . | Severe anemia . | Preeclampsia . | Spontaneous abortion . | Postpartum hemorrhage . | Case fatality rate (maternal deaths/total number of SCD pregnancies × 100%) . | |||
| Studies conducted in low-middle-income countries in descending order by year of publication | |||||||||||
| Vodouhe et al18 2022 (Benin) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 4 years 7 months Intervention: None stated | 119 | 79.0 | 7.6 | Not stated | Not stated | 27.7 | 8.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 4.2 | 5263 |
| Swarray-Deen et al12 2022 (Accra, Ghana) Prospective study Duration: 3 years 7 months Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 342 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 2.9 | Not stated | 2.8 | 2812 |
| Olugbenga19 2022 (Southwest Nigeria) Prospective cohort study Duration: 3 years 2 months Intervention: None stated | 49 | 22.4 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 8.7 | Not stated | 0 | 2.0 | 2127 |
| Dangbemey et al20 2020 (Cotonou, Benin) Retrospective study Duration: 11 years Intervention: None stated | 384 | 19.5 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 12.5 | 28.2 | 0 | Not stated | 1.3 | 1420 |
| Tsiba et al21 2020 (Congo) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 2 years Intervention: None stated | 65 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 0 (study excluded women whose delivery time was less than 28 weeks of amenorrhea) | Not stated | 6.2 | 7843 |
| Modi et al22 2020 (India) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 1 year Intervention: None stated | 43 | 9.3 | 4.7 | 0 | 0 | 53.5 | 9.3 | 0 (study evaluated pregnancies after 20 weeks’ gestation) | 1.39 | 6.5 | 7317 |
| Zamane et al23 2019 (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso) Retrospective cross-sectional study Duration: 2 years Intervention: Prophylactic blood transfusion | 168 | 46.4 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 19.1 | 6.1 | Not stated | 6.7 | 10.4 | Not defined |
| Patel et al24 2019 (eastern India) Retrospective descriptive study Duration: 6 months Intervention: None stated | 634 | 33.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 9.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Babah et al25 2019 (Lagos, Nigeria) Prospective case-control study Duration: 1 year 3 months Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 50 | 32.0 | 6.0 | Not stated | Not stated | 2.0 | 8.0 | 0 (patients were recruited late) | 10.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diallo et al26 2019 (Dakar, Senegal) Retrospective study Duration: 4 years Intervention: None stated | 24 | 33.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 50.0 | 7.7 | Not stated | 8.3 | 11 764 |
| Nwafor et al27 2019 (Abakaliki, Nigeria) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 7 years Intervention: None stated | 164 | 23.8 | 11.0 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 20.7 | 2.4 | 7.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Oppong et al9 2018 and Asare et al5 2019 (Accra, Ghana) Prospective case-control study Duration: 1 year 8 months Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 149 | 49.5 | 15.2 | 0.7 | 0 | Not stated | 12.3 | 2.7 | Not stated | 1.3 | 1449 |
| Asare et al4 2018 (Accra, Ghana) Retrospective and prospective cohort study Duration: 7 years Intervention: None stated | 43 | 75.0 | 87 | 24.2 | 2.8 | Not stated | 0 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 9.5 | 10 791 |
| Faye et al28 2018 (Senegal) Prospective cohort study Duration: 15 years Intervention: Blood transfusion (chronic, partial exchange, and simple top-up) | 70 | 48.6 | 7.1 | Not stated | Not stated | 32.8 | 1.4 | 18.6 | Not stated | 0 | 0 |
| Gaddikeri et al29 2017 (India) Hospital-based prospective (case control) study Duration: 1 year 9 months Intervention: None stated | 12 | 58.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Desai et al30 2017 (India) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 4 years 6 months Intervention: None stated | 131 delivery admissions | 47.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 6.1 | Not stated | 1.5 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Asare et al8 2017 (Accra, Ghana) Prospective cohort study Duration: 1 year 1 month Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 90 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 3.3 | Not stated | 1.1 | 1176 |
| Studies conducted in upper-middle-income countries in descending order by year of publication | |||||||||||
| Sousa et al31 2020 (Sao Paulo, Brazil) Retrospective descriptive study Duration: 10 years Intervention: Red blood cell transfusion | 55 | 34.5 | 12.7 | 0 | 1.8 | Not stated | 5.4 | 43.6 | Not stated | 0 | 0 |
| Silva et al32 2018 (Recife, Brazil) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 8 months Intervention: None stated | 89 | 55.1 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 70.8 | 23.6 | 28.1 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Studies conducted in high-income countries in descending order by year of publication | |||||||||||
| Della-Moretta et al33 2021 (Ohio, USA) Retrospective study Duration: 2 years Intervention: None stated | 59 | 73.0 | 13.0 | 6.8 | 0 | 64.0 | 14.6 | Not stated | 19.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cardoso et al34 2019 (United Kingdom) Retrospective descriptive study Duration: 11 years Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 16 | 37.5 | 25.0 | Not stated | Not stated | 0 | 25.0 | Not stated | 75.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Haseeb et al35 2019 (Saudi Arabia) Retrospective study Duration: 11 years Intervention: None stated | 302 | 23.8 | 13.2 | 6.6 | 2.6 | 89.4 | 14.9 | Not stated | 9.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Vianello et al36 2018 (Italy) Retrospective cross-sectional study Duration: 9 years 5 months Intervention: Erythrocytapheresis at 10.7 ± 5.2 weeks gestation and enoxaparin | 46 | 4.4 | 0 | Not stated | Not stated | 13.0 | Not stated | 43.5 | Not stated | 0 | 0 |
| Ribeil et al37 2018 (France) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 10 years Intervention: Prophylactic blood transfusion and prophylactic oxygen therapy at home | 191 | 48.7 | 9.5 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 10.1 | 2.1 (study used the database of deliveries >20 weeks’ gestation) | Not stated | 1.6 | 1630 |
| Sharif et al38 2018 (Manchester, UK) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 11 years Intervention: On-demand blood transfusion | 38 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 65.8 | 18.4 | Not stated | 34.2 | Not stated | Not defined |
| Chang et al39 2018 (USA) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 12 years Intervention: None stated | 150 | 53.6 | 2.1 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 12.5 | Not stated | Not stated | 3.1 | Not defined |
| Koumoutsea et al40 2018 (London, UK) Retrospective study Duration: 7 years Intervention: Exchange blood transfusion | 50 | 9.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 28.0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Reference, type of study, duration of study, and intervention . | Number of SCD pregnancies . | Outcome (%) . | Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100 000) live births . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute pain . | Acute chest syndrome . | Pulmonary embolism . | Stroke . | Severe anemia . | Preeclampsia . | Spontaneous abortion . | Postpartum hemorrhage . | Case fatality rate (maternal deaths/total number of SCD pregnancies × 100%) . | |||
| Studies conducted in low-middle-income countries in descending order by year of publication | |||||||||||
| Vodouhe et al18 2022 (Benin) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 4 years 7 months Intervention: None stated | 119 | 79.0 | 7.6 | Not stated | Not stated | 27.7 | 8.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 4.2 | 5263 |
| Swarray-Deen et al12 2022 (Accra, Ghana) Prospective study Duration: 3 years 7 months Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 342 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 2.9 | Not stated | 2.8 | 2812 |
| Olugbenga19 2022 (Southwest Nigeria) Prospective cohort study Duration: 3 years 2 months Intervention: None stated | 49 | 22.4 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 8.7 | Not stated | 0 | 2.0 | 2127 |
| Dangbemey et al20 2020 (Cotonou, Benin) Retrospective study Duration: 11 years Intervention: None stated | 384 | 19.5 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 12.5 | 28.2 | 0 | Not stated | 1.3 | 1420 |
| Tsiba et al21 2020 (Congo) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 2 years Intervention: None stated | 65 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 0 (study excluded women whose delivery time was less than 28 weeks of amenorrhea) | Not stated | 6.2 | 7843 |
| Modi et al22 2020 (India) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 1 year Intervention: None stated | 43 | 9.3 | 4.7 | 0 | 0 | 53.5 | 9.3 | 0 (study evaluated pregnancies after 20 weeks’ gestation) | 1.39 | 6.5 | 7317 |
| Zamane et al23 2019 (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso) Retrospective cross-sectional study Duration: 2 years Intervention: Prophylactic blood transfusion | 168 | 46.4 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 19.1 | 6.1 | Not stated | 6.7 | 10.4 | Not defined |
| Patel et al24 2019 (eastern India) Retrospective descriptive study Duration: 6 months Intervention: None stated | 634 | 33.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 9.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Babah et al25 2019 (Lagos, Nigeria) Prospective case-control study Duration: 1 year 3 months Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 50 | 32.0 | 6.0 | Not stated | Not stated | 2.0 | 8.0 | 0 (patients were recruited late) | 10.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Diallo et al26 2019 (Dakar, Senegal) Retrospective study Duration: 4 years Intervention: None stated | 24 | 33.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 50.0 | 7.7 | Not stated | 8.3 | 11 764 |
| Nwafor et al27 2019 (Abakaliki, Nigeria) Retrospective case-control study Duration: 7 years Intervention: None stated | 164 | 23.8 | 11.0 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 20.7 | 2.4 | 7.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Oppong et al9 2018 and Asare et al5 2019 (Accra, Ghana) Prospective case-control study Duration: 1 year 8 months Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 149 | 49.5 | 15.2 | 0.7 | 0 | Not stated | 12.3 | 2.7 | Not stated | 1.3 | 1449 |
| Asare et al4 2018 (Accra, Ghana) Retrospective and prospective cohort study Duration: 7 years Intervention: None stated | 43 | 75.0 | 87 | 24.2 | 2.8 | Not stated | 0 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 9.5 | 10 791 |
| Faye et al28 2018 (Senegal) Prospective cohort study Duration: 15 years Intervention: Blood transfusion (chronic, partial exchange, and simple top-up) | 70 | 48.6 | 7.1 | Not stated | Not stated | 32.8 | 1.4 | 18.6 | Not stated | 0 | 0 |
| Gaddikeri et al29 2017 (India) Hospital-based prospective (case control) study Duration: 1 year 9 months Intervention: None stated | 12 | 58.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Desai et al30 2017 (India) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 4 years 6 months Intervention: None stated | 131 delivery admissions | 47.3 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 6.1 | Not stated | 1.5 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Asare et al8 2017 (Accra, Ghana) Prospective cohort study Duration: 1 year 1 month Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 90 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 3.3 | Not stated | 1.1 | 1176 |
| Studies conducted in upper-middle-income countries in descending order by year of publication | |||||||||||
| Sousa et al31 2020 (Sao Paulo, Brazil) Retrospective descriptive study Duration: 10 years Intervention: Red blood cell transfusion | 55 | 34.5 | 12.7 | 0 | 1.8 | Not stated | 5.4 | 43.6 | Not stated | 0 | 0 |
| Silva et al32 2018 (Recife, Brazil) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 8 months Intervention: None stated | 89 | 55.1 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 70.8 | 23.6 | 28.1 | Not stated | Not stated | Not defined |
| Studies conducted in high-income countries in descending order by year of publication | |||||||||||
| Della-Moretta et al33 2021 (Ohio, USA) Retrospective study Duration: 2 years Intervention: None stated | 59 | 73.0 | 13.0 | 6.8 | 0 | 64.0 | 14.6 | Not stated | 19.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cardoso et al34 2019 (United Kingdom) Retrospective descriptive study Duration: 11 years Intervention: Multidisciplinary care strategy | 16 | 37.5 | 25.0 | Not stated | Not stated | 0 | 25.0 | Not stated | 75.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Haseeb et al35 2019 (Saudi Arabia) Retrospective study Duration: 11 years Intervention: None stated | 302 | 23.8 | 13.2 | 6.6 | 2.6 | 89.4 | 14.9 | Not stated | 9.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Vianello et al36 2018 (Italy) Retrospective cross-sectional study Duration: 9 years 5 months Intervention: Erythrocytapheresis at 10.7 ± 5.2 weeks gestation and enoxaparin | 46 | 4.4 | 0 | Not stated | Not stated | 13.0 | Not stated | 43.5 | Not stated | 0 | 0 |
| Ribeil et al37 2018 (France) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 10 years Intervention: Prophylactic blood transfusion and prophylactic oxygen therapy at home | 191 | 48.7 | 9.5 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 10.1 | 2.1 (study used the database of deliveries >20 weeks’ gestation) | Not stated | 1.6 | 1630 |
| Sharif et al38 2018 (Manchester, UK) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 11 years Intervention: On-demand blood transfusion | 38 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 65.8 | 18.4 | Not stated | 34.2 | Not stated | Not defined |
| Chang et al39 2018 (USA) Retrospective cohort study Duration: 12 years Intervention: None stated | 150 | 53.6 | 2.1 | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 12.5 | Not stated | Not stated | 3.1 | Not defined |
| Koumoutsea et al40 2018 (London, UK) Retrospective study Duration: 7 years Intervention: Exchange blood transfusion | 50 | 9.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 28.0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |