Clinical risk factors, biomarkers, or the validated IMPROVE VTE risk model that predict a high-VTE-risk hospitalized medically ill population that benefits from postdischarge extended thromboprophylaxis
| Clinical risk factors (APEX criteria)20 . | IMPROVE VTE risk factors19 . | Points for the risk score . |
|---|---|---|
| Age >75 y | Previous VTE | 3 |
| Past history of cancer or VTE | Thrombophiliaa | 2 |
| Extra risk factors (comorbidities that are risk factors for VTE) | Lower-limb paralysis | 2 |
| Biomarker | Cancerb | 2 |
| Elevated DD (>2 × ULN)22 **** | Immobilizationc | 1 |
| ICU/CCU stay | 1 | |
| Age >60 y | 1 | |
| For the IMPROVE-DD VTE score, add: | ||
| DD >2 × ULNd | 2 | |
| A score of 0-1 constitutes low VTE risk | ||
| A score of 2-3 constitutes moderate VTE risk | ||
| A score of 4 or more constitutes high VTE risk | ||
| Clinical risk factors (APEX criteria)20 . | IMPROVE VTE risk factors19 . | Points for the risk score . |
|---|---|---|
| Age >75 y | Previous VTE | 3 |
| Past history of cancer or VTE | Thrombophiliaa | 2 |
| Extra risk factors (comorbidities that are risk factors for VTE) | Lower-limb paralysis | 2 |
| Biomarker | Cancerb | 2 |
| Elevated DD (>2 × ULN)22 **** | Immobilizationc | 1 |
| ICU/CCU stay | 1 | |
| Age >60 y | 1 | |
| For the IMPROVE-DD VTE score, add: | ||
| DD >2 × ULNd | 2 | |
| A score of 0-1 constitutes low VTE risk | ||
| A score of 2-3 constitutes moderate VTE risk | ||
| A score of 4 or more constitutes high VTE risk | ||
A congenital or acquired condition leading to an excess risk of thrombosis.
May include active cancer (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) or a history of cancer within 5 years.
Strict definition is complete immobilization confined to a bed or chair for 7 or more days; modified definition is complete immobilization for 1 or more days.
ULN of local laboratory normal.
CCU, coronary care unit.